Bio-Based Scour Mitigation for Underwater Foundation Systems

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Description
In the marine ecosystem, mangrove forests protect the coastline due to their unique prop root system functions as a natural barrier to stabilize sediment and mitigate erosion. Such distinct characteristics provide a design inspiration to reduce local scour around underwater

In the marine ecosystem, mangrove forests protect the coastline due to their unique prop root system functions as a natural barrier to stabilize sediment and mitigate erosion. Such distinct characteristics provide a design inspiration to reduce local scour around underwater foundation systems such as the monopile foundation of offshore wind turbines. In this study, a ring of skirt piles in a circular layout inspired by the mangrove root structure has been proposed which aims to protect the centered monopile foundation. Three main aspects of the mangrove prop root system have been extracted to investigate the scour mitigation effect from the hydraulic, geotechnical, and bio-cementation perspectives. Laboratory flume tests have been conducted to evaluate the anti-scour potential using the proposed skirt pile groups. 3D reconstruction using the photogrammetric method has been employed to reconstruct the scoured bed for quantitative analysis. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) simulations have been performed to investigate the pile-flow and pile-sediment interactions, respectively. Results indicate the proposed skirt pile group reduces the scour depth and the volume of the scour hole by up to 57% and 85%, respectively. DEM simulation implied the installation of skirt piles demonstrates not only hydraulic but also geotechnical benefits due to the soil plug effect. In addition, a reactive transport model framework that simulates the bio-grouting process using microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) via shallow underwater injection has been developed to model the key processes such as bacterial attachment and detachment, urea hydrolysis, and calcite precipitation. The simulated cementation distribution exhibits a decent agreement with the experimental results, which could potentially be served for strategic optimization before conducting large or field-scale underwater injection tests. The model framework has been incorporated to simulate the MICP injection using skirt piles. Preliminary findings from this study demonstrated the feasibility of using mangrove-inspired skirt piles to mitigate scour for underwater foundation systems.
Date Created
2024
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