Quantum Entanglement and Bell's Inequality

We discuss the intricate and puzzling concept of quantum entanglement, and not only define it but also consider the implications of the behaviors of entangled particles. The ability of these particles to provide instantaneous information about their entangled counterparts sparked a debate among physicists as to whether or not these particles had definite quantities before measurement, and whether or not their behaviors could be explained by a local hidden-variables theorem. Mermin’s gedanken demonstration for a two-particle entangled system is introduced, as well as Bell’s inequality, and an explanation of how a pair of two entangled particles violate this inequality. Additionally, we also discuss various experimental verifications that were able to use Bell’s inequality to verify the expected quantum mechanical results for their entangled systems.