School of Sustainability Graduate Culminating Experiences

For decades, understanding the complexity of behaviors, motivations, and values has interested researchers across various disciplines. So much so that there are numerous terms, frameworks, theories, and studies devoted to understanding these complexities and how they interact and evolve into actions. However, little research has examined how employee behaviors translate into the work environment, particularly regarding perceived organizational success. This study advances research by quantitatively assessing how a greater number of individual employees’ pro-environmental behaviors are related to the perceived success of environmentally sustainable workplace activities. We have concluded that the more pro-environmental behaviors an employee embodies, the more positively they perceive the success of their local government's sustainable purchasing policy. Additionally, other factors matter, including organizational behaviors, like training, innovation, and reduction of red tape.

The production and consumption of goods is a global phenomenon that has significant social and environmental impacts and challenges. In 2016, the International Labor Organization (ILO) estimated that 25 million people were victims of forced labor. Forced labor is defined as “work that is involuntary and subject to penalty.” It is a subset of modern slavery, and is a complex problem that affects all three pillars of sustainability. Fair labor, on the other hand, is voluntary, requires fair compensation, and is free from penalty. With one in five jobs tied to global supply chains, it is vital that companies and organizations are committed to sustainability within the supply chain (Thorlakson et al., 2018). One critical aspect of this commitment includes a focus on fair labor practices.

ASU’s Trademark Licensing Department currently utilizes third-party vendors to verify that any licensed product, those marked with an ASU logo or trademark, have been sourced and produced under fair labor conditions. Our project focuses on steps that can be taken to elevate fair labor practices across the ASU supply chain for both licensed and unlicensed products. The Fair Labor Solutions Team has developed two primary deliverables: an overarching report and a fair labor problem identification presentation with a script to act as an education tool for ASU staff. The report contains the following elements: a landscape analysis of fair labor, ASU’s current procurement practices, a collection of exemplary case studies, and a tiered vision towards transformational change. Our team understands that ensuring fair labor throughout the ASU supply chain is not a linear process. The goal of our deliverables is to offer a strong foundation for the university's transition to sustainable procurement.

Sustainable purchasing is the integration of sustainability criteria into procurement processes and decisions. A critical element of this is ensuring fair labor practices such as safe working conditions, appropriate pay for work, and the absence of forced labor and child labor. Enforcing fair labor standards throughout the supply chain is challenging. Working directly with the final vendor is not enough as finished products involve multiple inputs and activities from extraction to end use and many associated suppliers. Unfair and forced labor practices are especially prevalent in countries with poor labor laws and lack of enforcement. Reporting and verifying labor practices for these suppliers can be time-consuming and expensive. Moreover, ensuring that a final vendor's products and services observe sustainability standards does not mean that all the suppliers involved in product creation steps observe fair and equitable labor practices. Third-party certifications are helpful, but not always accurate. ASU wishes to (1) strengthen its purchasing practices to increase assurances that sourced products follow fair labor practices across the supply chain of vendors and suppliers, and (2) create scalable solutions that can be implemented at other universities.

Sustainable purchasing is the integration of sustainability criteria into procurement processes and decisions. A critical element of this is ensuring fair labor practices such as safe working conditions, appropriate pay for work, and the absence of forced labor and child labor. Enforcing fair labor standards throughout the supply chain is challenging. Working directly with the final vendor is not enough as finished products involve multiple inputs and activities from extraction to end use and many associated suppliers. Unfair and forced labor practices are especially prevalent in countries with poor labor laws and lack of enforcement. Reporting and verifying labor practices for these suppliers can be time-consuming and expensive. Moreover, ensuring that a final vendor's products and services observe sustainability standards does not mean that all the suppliers involved in product creation steps observe fair and equitable labor practices. Third-party certifications are helpful, but not always accurate. ASU wishes to (1) strengthen its purchasing practices to increase assurances that sourced products follow fair labor practices across the supply chain of vendors and suppliers, and (2) create scalable solutions that can be implemented at other universities.

Sustainable purchasing is the integration of sustainability criteria into procurement processes and decisions. A critical element of this is ensuring fair labor practices such as safe working conditions, appropriate pay for work, and the absence of forced labor and child labor. Enforcing fair labor standards throughout the supply chain is challenging. Working directly with the final vendor is not enough as finished products involve multiple inputs and activities from extraction to end use and many associated suppliers. Unfair and forced labor practices are especially prevalent in countries with poor labor laws and lack of enforcement. Reporting and verifying labor practices for these suppliers can be time-consuming and expensive. Moreover, ensuring that a final vendor's products and services observe sustainability standards does not mean that all the suppliers involved in product creation steps observe fair and equitable labor practices. Third-party certifications are helpful, but not always accurate. ASU wishes to (1) strengthen its purchasing practices to increase assurances that sourced products follow fair labor practices across the supply chain of vendors and suppliers, and (2) create scalable solutions that can be implemented at other universities.