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ContributorsBuessing, Robert (Author) / Nian, Qiong (Thesis director) / Zhuang, Houlong (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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ContributorsBuessing, Robert (Author) / Nian, Qiong (Thesis director) / Zhuang, Houlong (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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ContributorsBuessing, Robert (Author) / Nian, Qiong (Thesis director) / Zhuang, Houlong (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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ContributorsBuessing, Robert (Author) / Nian, Qiong (Thesis director) / Zhuang, Houlong (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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ContributorsBuessing, Robert (Author) / Nian, Qiong (Thesis director) / Zhuang, Houlong (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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Description

The objective goal of this research is to maximize the speed of the end effector of a three link R-R-R mechanical system with constrained torque input control. The project utilizes MATLAB optimization tools to determine the optimal throwing motion of a simulated mechanical system, while mirroring the physical parameters and

The objective goal of this research is to maximize the speed of the end effector of a three link R-R-R mechanical system with constrained torque input control. The project utilizes MATLAB optimization tools to determine the optimal throwing motion of a simulated mechanical system, while mirroring the physical parameters and constraints of a human arm wherever possible. The analysis of this final result determines if the kinetic chain effect is present in the theoretically optimized solution. This is done by comparing it with an intuitively optimized system based on throwing motion derived from the forehand throw in Ultimate frisbee.

ContributorsHartmann, Julien (Author) / Grewal, Anoop (Thesis director) / Redkar, Sangram (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of International Letters and Cultures (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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Description
The FOF1 ATP synthase is responsible for generating the majority of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in almost all organisms on Earth. A major unresolved question is the mechanism of the FO motor that converts the transmembrane flow of protons into rotation that drives ATP synthesis. Using single-molecule gold nanorod experiments, rotation

The FOF1 ATP synthase is responsible for generating the majority of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in almost all organisms on Earth. A major unresolved question is the mechanism of the FO motor that converts the transmembrane flow of protons into rotation that drives ATP synthesis. Using single-molecule gold nanorod experiments, rotation of individual FOF1 were observed to measure transient dwells (TDs). TDs occur when the FO momentarily halts the ATP hydrolysis rotation by the F1-ATPase. The work presented here showed increasing TDs with decreasing pH, with calculated pKa values of 5.6 and 7.5 for wild-type (WT) Escherichia coli (E. coli) subunit-a proton input and output half-channels, respectively. This is consistent with the conclusion that the periplasmic proton half-channel is more easily protonated than the cytoplasmic half-channel. Mutation in one proton half-channel affected the pKa values of both half-channels, suggesting that protons flow through the FO motor via the Grotthuss mechanism. The data revealed that 36° stepping of the E. coli FO subunit-c ring during ATP synthesis consists of an 11° step caused by proton translocations between subunit-a and the c-ring, and a 25° step caused by the electrostatic interaction between the unprotonated c-subunit and the aR210 residue in subunit-a. The occurrence of TDs fit to the sum of three Gaussian curves, which suggested that the asymmetry between the FO and F1 motors play a role in the mechanism behind the FOF1 rotation. Replacing the inner (N-terminal) helix of E. coli c10-ring with sequences derived from c8 to c17-ring sequences showed expression and full assembly of FOF1. Decrease in anticipated c-ring size resulted in increased ATP synthesis activity, while increase in c-ring size resulted in decreased ATP synthesis activity, loss of Δψ-dependence to synthesize ATP, decreased ATP hydrolysis activity, and decreased ACMA quenching activity. Low levels of ATP synthesis by the c12 and c15-ring chimeras are consistent with the role of the asymmetry between the FO and F1 motors that affects ATP synthesis rotation. Lack of a major trend in succinate-dependent growth rates of the chimeric E. coli suggest cellular mechanisms that compensates for the c-ring modification.
ContributorsYanagisawa, Seiga (Author) / Frasch, Wayne D (Thesis advisor) / Misra, Rajeev (Committee member) / Redding, Kevin (Committee member) / Singharoy, Abhishek (Committee member) / Wideman, Jeremy (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description

Malaria affects 229 million people annually, causing 410,000 deaths, with children being the most vulnerable. Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are the primary protection against mosquito bites, but 96% of nets become torn within two years of use. Our team developed a one-dollar repair kit that can be shipped alongside ITNs,

Malaria affects 229 million people annually, causing 410,000 deaths, with children being the most vulnerable. Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are the primary protection against mosquito bites, but 96% of nets become torn within two years of use. Our team developed a one-dollar repair kit that can be shipped alongside ITNs, including patching materials recycled from ITN manufacturing and simple-to-follow instructions. Our patching material, made from recycled high-density polyester anti-insect nets, is more than twice as strong as standard mosquito netting. During our first distribution in Uganda, 77% of families used our kits to repair their bed nets and experienced a 28.3% increase in their perceived importance of patching. Our primary target customers are nonprofits, governments, and governmental agencies. Our immediate market goal is to collaborate with major international malaria prevention nonprofits. With limited competition, our repair kits offer a superior, sustainable, and cost-effective solution. Our direct impact includes lives saved and cost savings for nonprofits. Our value proposition focuses on impact and outreach, as our kits increase net lifespan and organizations' reach.

ContributorsVoller-Brown, Benjamin (Author) / Bryne, Jared (Thesis director) / Lawson, Brennan (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2023-05
Description
Central Vietnam and the communities located within the country experience a high level of natural disaster due to flooding and typhoons. The mission of the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command and the United States Army Corps of Engineers is to build new primary schools that have been damaged due to flooding. The

Central Vietnam and the communities located within the country experience a high level of natural disaster due to flooding and typhoons. The mission of the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command and the United States Army Corps of Engineers is to build new primary schools that have been damaged due to flooding. The goal of this research is to find a viable solution for the powering of each school, as many communities can’t handle the additional grid load of a fully functioning school. In this research, two main methods were considered after brainstorming possible solutions. First, the total usage of a typical school housing roughly 300 students and staff were calculated. Then, monocrystalline photovoltaic cells were evaluated using given efficiencies, energy usage, and incident shortwave radiation to calculate the total number of panels needed. Small scale wind turbines were also considered, using power curves and a PDF of wind speeds in Ho Chi Minh City for the year 2022, the amount of annual energy generated by turbines was calculated. It was found that solar energy was a much more viable solution. The average price of solar was found to be $19961.77 while the lowest price of wind turbines was $240000. With these high material costs, not factoring in workers or maintenance cost, wind energy is clearly not viable. Instead, installing a solar system on and around the school would be able to accomplish the requirements of the school.
ContributorsBell, Christopher (Author) / Schoepf, Jared (Thesis director) / Calhoun, Ronald (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2023-12
Description
This creative project details 5 engineers who made contributions to the ways that we live life today, yet have received little to no recognition for their efforts. The 5 engineers presented are Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, George Stephenson, Charles Babbage, David Alter, and Nikola Tesla. Each engineer is detailed via a

This creative project details 5 engineers who made contributions to the ways that we live life today, yet have received little to no recognition for their efforts. The 5 engineers presented are Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, George Stephenson, Charles Babbage, David Alter, and Nikola Tesla. Each engineer is detailed via a portrait and a biography that covers a little bit of their life and the contributions that they made.
ContributorsNieves, Timothy (Author) / Davis, Turner (Thesis director) / Green, Heather (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2023-12