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Silenced revolutionaries: challenging the received view of Malaya's revolutionary past

Description

In the former British colony of Malaya, communism is a controversial subject that often invites significant scrutiny from government officials and pro-British scholars who describes the radical movement as a foreign conspiracy to dominate the small Southeast Asian nation. The primary goal of this thesis, therefore, is to reinterpret and…

In the former British colony of Malaya, communism is a controversial subject that often invites significant scrutiny from government officials and pro-British scholars who describes the radical movement as a foreign conspiracy to dominate the small Southeast Asian nation. The primary goal of this thesis, therefore, is to reinterpret and revise the current established history of Malayan communism in a chronological and unbiased manner that would illustrate that the authoritative accounts of the movement was not only incomplete but was also written with explicit prejudice. The secondary goal of this thesis is to argue that the members of the Malayan Communist Party were actually nationalists who embraced leftist ideology as a means to fight against colonialism. By examining the programs and manifestoes issued by the Party over the years, it is clear that the communists were in fact had been arguing for social reforms and independence rather than a Russian-style proletarian revolution. This research scrutinizes the authoritative texts written by Cold War-era scholars such as Gene Hanrahan as well as newly published historical analysis of the period by Cheah Boon Kheng in addition to memoirs of surviving members of the Party such as Chin Peng and Abdullah C.D. The evidence indicates that early understandings of the Malayan communist movement were heavily influenced by Cold War paranoia and that over time it had become the accepted version of history.

ContributorsNg, Sze-Chieh (Author) / Rush, James R (Thesis advisor) / MacKinnon, Stephen R. (Committee member) / Moore, Aaron S (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)

Created2011

Flowers bloom and fall

Description

The Vimalakirti Sutra is one of the classics of early Indian Mahayana Buddhism. The sutra narrates that Vimalakirti, an enlightened layman, once made it appear as if he were sick so that he could demonstrate the Law of Mahayana Buddhism to various figures coming to inquire about his illness. This…

The Vimalakirti Sutra is one of the classics of early Indian Mahayana Buddhism. The sutra narrates that Vimalakirti, an enlightened layman, once made it appear as if he were sick so that he could demonstrate the Law of Mahayana Buddhism to various figures coming to inquire about his illness. This dissertation studies representations of The Vimalakirti Sutra in Chinese painting from the fourth to the nineteenth centuries to explore how visualizations of the same text could vary in different periods of time in light of specific artistic, social and religious contexts. In this project, about forty artists who have been recorded representing the sutra in traditional Chinese art criticism and catalogues are identified and discussed in a single study for the first time. A parallel study of recorded paintings and some extant ones of the same period includes six aspects: text content represented, mode of representation, iconography, geographical location, format, and identity of the painter. This systematic examination reveals that two main representational modes have formed in the Six Dynasties period (220-589): depictions of the Great Layman as a single image created by Gu Kaizhi, and narrative illustrations of the sutra initiated by Yuan Qian and his teacher Lu Tanwei. The latter mode, which became more popular than the former in the Tang Dynasty (618-907), experienced adaptation from handscroll to panoramic mural. It is also during this period that a minor scenario, the Heavenly Maiden Scattering Flowers, became a necessary vignette for representation of the sutra. Since the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the Heavenly Maiden Scattering Flowers gradually became an independent theme. This author investigates the thematic shift caused by various factors. These include the transformation of later Chinese narrative painting and the prevalence of shinu hua 仕女畫, painting of beauties, in later Chinese painting. There is also a change in the role of the Heavenly Maiden from one of many maidens to the only and necessary partner of Vimalakirti. Ultimately, the image of the Heavenly Maiden evolves from a Buddhist heavenly being to a Daoist fairy and later to a symbol representing auspicious meanings.

ContributorsLiu, Chen (Author) / Brown, Claudia (Thesis advisor) / Chou, Ju-hsi (Committee member) / Wu, Jiang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)

Created2011

The rise and demise of the World economic herald, 1980-1989

Description

The World Economic Herald was a newspaper founded in April 1980 and was closed down by the Chinese government in May 1989 due to its dissident voice. The World Economic Herald was widely regarded as the most influential and important weekly newspaper in China in the 1980s. It…

The World Economic Herald was a newspaper founded in April 1980 and was closed down by the Chinese government in May 1989 due to its dissident voice. The World Economic Herald was widely regarded as the most influential and important weekly newspaper in China in the 1980s. It became the leading publication pushing political as well as economic reform in China. This key publication in history has yet to receive much scholarly attention. By examining the evolution of the World Economic Herald from 1980 to 1989, this thesis explores the political and financial support behind the newspaper and, more importantly, the changing contents of the World Economic Herald. The year 1985 is seen a turning point for the World Economic Herald. After 1985, the World Economic Herald moved gradually toward being more of a politically dissident newspaper from an economic newspaper. The changes in the political patronage behind the newspaper played a crucial role in the fate of the World Economic Herald.

ContributorsZhou, Mi (Author) / MacKinnon, Stephen R. (Thesis advisor) / Rush, James R (Committee member) / Moore, Aaron S (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)

Created2010

Phoebus 8: Art at the Close of China's Empire

Description

Phoebus 8: A Journal of Art History - Table of Contents

“Preface” by Ju-hsi Chou, p. 9-10.

“The Significance of the Nineteenth Century for Modern Chinese History” by Stephen R. Mackinnon, p. 11-17.

“Looking at Late Qing Painting with New Eyes” by Chu-Tsing Li, p. 18-37.

“Qian Du to Zhang Jing: The Artist and…

Phoebus 8: A Journal of Art History - Table of Contents

“Preface” by Ju-hsi Chou, p. 9-10.

“The Significance of the Nineteenth Century for Modern Chinese History” by Stephen R. Mackinnon, p. 11-17.

“Looking at Late Qing Painting with New Eyes” by Chu-Tsing Li, p. 18-37.

“Qian Du to Zhang Jing: The Artist and the Patron” by Ju-hsi Chou, p. 38-66.

“Zhou Xian's Fabulous Construct: The Thatched Cottage of Fan Lake” by Britta Erickson, p. 67-93.

“A Forgotten Celebrity: Wang Zhen (1867-1938), Businessman, Philanthropist, and Artist” by Hsing-yuan Tsao, p. 94-109.

“Satire and Situation: Images of the Artist in Late Nineteenth-Century China” by Richard Vinograd, p. 110-133.

“Painters and Publishing in Late Nineteenth-century Shanghai” by Jonathan Hay, p. 134-188.

“Calligraphy at the Close of the Chinese Empire” by Lothar Ledderose, p. 189-207.

“Glossary of Chinese Names and Terms” p. 211-219

ContributorsChou, Ju-hsi (Author) / MacKinnon, Stephen R. (Author) / Li, Chu-tsing (Author) / Erickson, Britta (Author) / Tsao, Hsing-yuan (Author) / Vinograd, Richard (Author) / Hay, Jonathan (Author) / Ledderose, Lothar (Author)

Created1998

Phoebus 9: Myriad Points of View

Description

Phoebus 9: A Journal of Art History - Table of Contents

“Preface” by J. Robert Wills, p. 9-10.

“Collecting Chinese Art” by Roy and Marilyn Papp, p. 13.

“Catalog of the Inaugural Gift from the Roy and Marilyn Papp Collection to Phoenix Art Museum” p. 15-43.

“Exhibitions From the Roy and Marilyn Papp Collection”…

Phoebus 9: A Journal of Art History - Table of Contents

“Preface” by J. Robert Wills, p. 9-10.

“Collecting Chinese Art” by Roy and Marilyn Papp, p. 13.

“Catalog of the Inaugural Gift from the Roy and Marilyn Papp Collection to Phoenix Art Museum” p. 15-43.

“Exhibitions From the Roy and Marilyn Papp Collection” p. 44-45.

“Additional Publications” p. 47.

“Romanization Note” p. 48.

“The Daoist Symbolism of Immortality in Shen Zhou’s ‘Watching the Mid-Autumn Moon at Bamboo Villa’” by Chun-yi Lee, p. 49-78.

“Wu Shi'en's ‘Liang Hong and Meng Guang’: A Misreading” by Xiaoping Lin, p. 79-99.

“From the Profound to the Mundane: Depictions of Lohans in Late Ming China” by Janet Baker, p. 101-116.

“Glimpses of the Duanwu Festival by Fang Xun (1736-1799): Commemorative Painting or Private Souvenir?” by Anne Kerlan-Stephens, p. 117-141.

“Pleasure and Pain” by Marion S. Lee, p. 143-165.

“From Narrative to Transformed Narrative: Visualizations of the Heavenly Maiden and the Maiden Magu” by Chen Liu, p. 167-182.

“Glossary of Chinese Names and Terms” p. 185-195

ContributorsWills, J. Robert (Author) / Papp, Roy (Author) / Papp, Marilyn (Author) / Lee, Chun-yi (Author) / Lin, Xiaoping (Author) / Baker, Janet (Author) / Kerlan-Stephens, Anne (Author) / Lee, Marion S. (Author) / Liu, Chen (Author)

Created2006

Phoebus 3: A Journal of Art History

Description

Phoebus 3: A Journal of Art History - Table of Contents

“Preface” by Jack Breckenridge, p. 5.

“A Possible Interpretation of the Bird-man Figure Found on Objects Associated with the Southern Cult of the Southeastern United States, A.D. 1200 to 1350” by Lee Anne Wilson, p. 6-18.

“John Milton’s ‘Unholy Trinity’: (Satan, Sin,…

Phoebus 3: A Journal of Art History - Table of Contents

“Preface” by Jack Breckenridge, p. 5.

“A Possible Interpretation of the Bird-man Figure Found on Objects Associated with the Southern Cult of the Southeastern United States, A.D. 1200 to 1350” by Lee Anne Wilson, p. 6-18.

“John Milton’s ‘Unholy Trinity’: (Satan, Sin, and Death)” by Anthony Gully, p. 19-36.

“Arizona Portfolio” p. 38-84.

“Voyage of the Sesostris: Elihi Vedder in Egypt” by Hugh Broadley, p. 39-51.

“Theodore Roszak’s ‘Emergence: Transition I’ at Arizona State University” by Joan
Seeman Robinson, p. 52-53.

“‘La peur donnant des ailes au courage by Jean Cocteau: a Drawing in the Phoenix Art
Museum” by Anne Gully and Susan Benforado Gunther, p. 54-63.

“John Mix Stanley, a ‘Hudson River’ Painter in Arizona” by James K. Ballinger, p. 64-72.

“‘Corn Husking’ by Winslow Homer” by Gerald Eager, p. 73-79.

“A Plate from the Meissen Swan Service in the Phoenix Art Museum” by Barbara
Nachtigall, p. 80-84.

“Death in the Darkroom: Poisonings of Nineteenth Century Photographers” by Bill Jay, p. 85-98.

“Oral History in Art: A New Tool” by Winberta Yao, p. 99-108.

“A Note from a Reader” p. 109.

“Contributors” p. 110-112

ContributorsBreckenridge, Jack (Author) / Wilson, Lee Anne (Author) / Gully, Anthony (Author) / Broadley, Hugh (Author) / Robinson, Joan Seeman (Author) / Gully, Anne (Author) / Gunther, Susan Benforado (Author) / Ballinger, James K. (Author) / Eager, Gerald (Author) / Nachtigall, Barbara (Author) / Yao, Winberta M. (Author) / Jay, Bill (Author)

Created1981

Numerical and experimental investigation of laser-induced optoacoustic wave propagation for damage detection

Description

An integrated experimental and numerical investigation for laser-generated optoacoustic wave propagation in structural materials is performed. First, a multi-physics simulation model is proposed to simulate the pulsed laser as a point heat source which hits the surface of an aluminum sheet. The pulsed laser source can generate a localized heating…

An integrated experimental and numerical investigation for laser-generated optoacoustic wave propagation in structural materials is performed. First, a multi-physics simulation model is proposed to simulate the pulsed laser as a point heat source which hits the surface of an aluminum sheet. The pulsed laser source can generate a localized heating on the surface of the plate and induce an in-plane stress wave. ANSYS – a finite element analysis software – is used to build the 3D model and a coupled thermal-mechanical simulation is performed in which the heat flux is determined by an empirical laser-heat conversion relationship. The displacement and stress field-histories are obtained to get the time of arrival and wave propagation speed of the stress wave. The effect of an added point mass is investigated in detail to observe the local material perturbation and remote wave signals. Following this, the experimental investigation of optoacoustic wave is also performed. A new experimental setup and control is developed and assembled in-house. Various laser firing parameters are investigated experimentally and the optimal combination is used for the experimental testing. Matrix design for different testing conditions is also proposed to include the effect of wave path, sampling procedure, and local point mass on the optoacoustic wave propagation. The developed numerical simulation results are validated with experimental observations. It is shown that the proposed experimental setup can offer a potential fast scanning method for damage detection (local property change) for plate-like structural component.

ContributorsLiu, Chen (Author) / Liu, Yongming (Thesis advisor) / Wang, Liping (Committee member) / Jiao, Yang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)

Created2016