When designing a space, all of the human senses should be considered in order to keep in mind the wellness of the client. How should the built environment be designed for user wellness through a nature-based full-body experience of a space? There are many theories and concepts that have been studied and researched regarding the three concepts that will be touched on. Psychology of design, empathetic design, and nature all connect to each other. These concepts link together, prompting additional questions and needed research to find the answers. This research suggests that Biophilic Design is the answer.

Lignin is an energy dense polymer that forms the secondary layer within a plants cell wall. Within the cell wall, lignin acts as a matrix material, providing structural integrity to the plant. This polymer is often a byproduct from harvesting cellulose and has traditionally been used in resins, insulation, and adhesives. Recent research has indicated that lignin’s hierarchical structure may offer advantage in dissipating fracture energy while its fibrous composite arrangement prevents crack growth. Because of lignin’s unique chemical characteristics, different formulations and combinations with resins and bioplastics using lignin has started to make way for a new cost-effective and non-polluting alternative for the current petroleum-based plastics used globally. The goal of the following project was to develop a material that could show resilience in replacing the petroleum-based plastic used in small format items whilst also demonstrating high efficacy in biodegradation.