Matching Items (5)
Description
In the present research, two interventions were developed to increase sun protection in young women. The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of intervention content eliciting strong emotional responses to visual images depicting photoaging and skin cancer, specifically fear and disgust, coupled with a message of self-efficacy and benefits of sun protection (the F intervention) with an intervention that did not contain an emotional arousal component (the E intervention). Further, these two intervention conditions were compared to a control condition that contained an emotional arousal component that elicited emotion unrelated to the threat of skin cancer or photoaging (the C control condition). A longitudinal study design was employed, to examine the effects of condition immediately following the intervention, and to examine sun protection behavior 2 weeks after the intervention. A total of 352 undergraduate women at Arizona State University were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions (F n = 148, E n = 73, C n = 131). Several psychosocial constructs, including benefits of sun protection, susceptibility to and severity of photoaging and sun exposure, self-efficacy beliefs of making sun protection a daily habit, and barriers to sun protection were measured before and immediately following the intervention. Sun protection behavior was measured two weeks later. Those in the full intervention reported higher self-efficacy and severity of photoaging at immediate posttest than those in the efficacy only and control conditions. The fit of several path models was tested to explore underlying mechanisms by which the intervention affected sun protection behavior. Experienced emotion, specifically fear and disgust, predicted susceptibility and severity, which in turn predicted anticipated regret of failing to use sun protection. The relationship between this overall threat component (experienced emotion, susceptibility, severity, and anticipated regret) and intentions to engage in sun protection behavior was mediated by benefits. The present research provided evidence of the effectiveness of threat specific emotional arousal coupled with a self-efficacy and benefits message in interventions to increase sun protection. Further, this research provided additional support for the inclusion of both experienced and anticipated emotion in models of health behavior.
ContributorsMoser, Stephanie E (Author) / Aiken, Leona S. (Thesis advisor) / Shiota, Michelle N. (Committee member) / Kwan, Sau (Committee member) / Castro, Felipe (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2011
Description
This study utilized a Convergent Mixed Methods design to identify different expressions of resilience in response to a health/familial problem. The research aimed to determine which specific expressions of resilience were significantly associated with higher levels of resilience. The findings revealed two significant effects related to social support and persistence as expressions of resilience. The High Resilience group exhibited a higher proportion of individuals mentioning persistence and social support in their coping strategies. The study concluded that social support seeking is a major coping strategy among individuals with high resilience and suggested that healthcare providers, particularly nurses, should recommend and provide resources for clients to seek social support. Furthermore, the role of persistence highlights the importance of encouraging clients to set achievable goals, develop a plan, and monitor their progress to remain motivated in resolving their difficult health-related problem.
ContributorsJohn, Avery (Author) / Castro, Felipe (Thesis director) / Lober, Angela (Committee member) / Juarigue, Lisa (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation (Contributor)
Created2023-05
Description
In past decades, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) rapidly gained attentionas a public health crisis due to dose-response relationships with a range of health and
social problems, and early mortality. Converging studies show that ACEs are a pandemic
in the general population of the United States—even in middle to upper-middle class
families that are considered to be ‘better off’. There have been collaborative efforts in
public health to target root-causes of childhood adversity and increase resilient
adaptation in individuals and families at risk. Due to the importance of fostering positive
adaptation in the midst of adversity, this dissertation sought to examine both
vulnerability and protective factors in children’s proximal ecology—e.g., parents and
caring adults at school. A population-based study in this dissertation revealed that
parents’ emotional well-being, measured as negative feelings toward parenting, greatly
influences developing children, so as support and resources for parenting. The presence
of caring adults as a protective factor in teens with highly competitive settings—a newly
identified at-risk group due to high pressure to achieve and internalizing/externalizing
problems. Lastly, this dissertation discusses conceptual and methodological limitations
in current ways of measuring ACEs and provide future directions for research, practice,
and policy. Suggestions include frequent assessments on reaching consensus on how to
define ACEs, expanding the concept of ACEs, considering the duration, timing, and
severity of the event. Healthcare professionals have important roles in public health;
they incorporate frequent assessments on parents’ emotional wellbeing and needs for
parenting as a part of care. Ongoing support from multiple disciplines is necessary to
reduce the impact of ACEs and strengthen resilience development of children and
families.
ContributorsSuh, Bin (Author) / Luthar, Suniya (Thesis advisor) / Pipe, Teri (Thesis advisor) / Castro, Felipe (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this project was to discover how expert nurse faculty teach noticing
and cue recognition skills to undergraduate nursing students. The current health care
environment is complex, requiring new nurses to apply sound clinical judgment for safe
patient care. New nurses often struggle with the first phase of clinical judgment, which
includes noticing or cue recognition. Nurse educators often say that they teach clinical
judgment skills, however specific guidelines to accomplish this task are limited.
This study employed a qualitative exploratory descriptive design. Expert nursing
faculty (N=18) from across the USA were nominated by peers and participated in semistructured interviews in person or via webinar. Interviews were recorded, transcribed,
verified, and then coded using open and axial coding procedures in a grounded theory
approach. Themes were confirmed by three educators with experience in teaching clinical
judgment.
Fifteen themes emerged. Faculty employed a variety of methods to teach cue
recognition skills. In the clinical setting, faculty reported using orientation to the
environment, Socratic questioning, role modeling, guidance in cue collection, and open
discussion. Faculty teaching in simulation settings reported manipulating cues to reflect
real time consequences of missing cues and manipulating cues based on best available
evidence related to the scenarios.
Authentic clinical environments and human patient simulation provide
opportunities for undergraduate nursing students to learn cue recognition and noticing
skills. However, students need the support of nurse educators to guide their learning and
maintain overall safety. Expert nurse faculty possess a wealth of knowledge in how to teach
clinical judgment. Nurse educators reported using methods suitable across settings and
methods specific to clinical or simulation settings. The methods and strategies that expert
nurse educators reported for supporting students in clinical judgment can be used to build
and refine professional development programs for novice and continuing nurse educators.
ContributorsPoledna, Mari Christina (Author) / Hagler, Debbie (Thesis advisor) / Castro, Felipe (Thesis advisor) / O'Brien, Janet (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
Background
Obese Latino adolescents are disproportionately impacted by insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes is an intermediate stage in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and represents a critical opportunity for intervention. However, to date, no diabetes prevention studies have been conducted in obese Latino youth with prediabetes, a highly vulnerable and underserved group. Therefore, we propose a randomized-controlled trial to test the short-term (6-month) and long-term (12-month) efficacy of a culturally-grounded, lifestyle intervention, as compared to usual care, for improving glucose tolerance and reducing diabetes risk in 120 obese Latino adolescents with prediabetes.
Methods
Participants will be randomized to a lifestyle intervention or usual care group. Participants in the intervention group will attend weekly nutrition and wellness sessions and physical activity sessions twice a week for six months, followed by three months of booster sessions. The overall approach of the intervention is framed within a multilevel Ecodevelopmental model that leverages community, family, peer, and individual factors during the critical transition period of adolescence. The intervention is also guided by Social Cognitive Theory and employs key behavioral modification strategies to enhance self-efficacy and foster social support for making and sustaining healthy behavior changes. We will test intervention effects on quality of life, explore the potential mediating effects of changes in body composition, total, regional, and organ fat on improving glucose tolerance and increasing insulin sensitivity, and estimate the initial incremental cost effectiveness of the intervention as compared with usual care for improving glucose tolerance.
Discussion
The proposed trial builds upon extant collaborations of a transdisciplinary team of investigators working in concert with local community agencies to address critical gaps in how diabetes prevention interventions for obese Latino youth are developed, implemented and evaluated. This innovative approach is an essential step in the development of scalable, cost-effective, solution oriented programs to prevent type 2 diabetes in this and other populations of high-risk youth.
Obese Latino adolescents are disproportionately impacted by insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes is an intermediate stage in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and represents a critical opportunity for intervention. However, to date, no diabetes prevention studies have been conducted in obese Latino youth with prediabetes, a highly vulnerable and underserved group. Therefore, we propose a randomized-controlled trial to test the short-term (6-month) and long-term (12-month) efficacy of a culturally-grounded, lifestyle intervention, as compared to usual care, for improving glucose tolerance and reducing diabetes risk in 120 obese Latino adolescents with prediabetes.
Methods
Participants will be randomized to a lifestyle intervention or usual care group. Participants in the intervention group will attend weekly nutrition and wellness sessions and physical activity sessions twice a week for six months, followed by three months of booster sessions. The overall approach of the intervention is framed within a multilevel Ecodevelopmental model that leverages community, family, peer, and individual factors during the critical transition period of adolescence. The intervention is also guided by Social Cognitive Theory and employs key behavioral modification strategies to enhance self-efficacy and foster social support for making and sustaining healthy behavior changes. We will test intervention effects on quality of life, explore the potential mediating effects of changes in body composition, total, regional, and organ fat on improving glucose tolerance and increasing insulin sensitivity, and estimate the initial incremental cost effectiveness of the intervention as compared with usual care for improving glucose tolerance.
Discussion
The proposed trial builds upon extant collaborations of a transdisciplinary team of investigators working in concert with local community agencies to address critical gaps in how diabetes prevention interventions for obese Latino youth are developed, implemented and evaluated. This innovative approach is an essential step in the development of scalable, cost-effective, solution oriented programs to prevent type 2 diabetes in this and other populations of high-risk youth.
ContributorsSoltero, Erica (Author) / Konopken, Yolanda P. (Author) / Olson, Micah (Author) / Keller, Colleen (Author) / Castro, Felipe (Author) / Williams, Allison (Author) / Patrick, Donald L. (Author) / Ayers, Stephanie (Author) / Hu, Houchun H. (Author) / Sandoval, Matthew (Author) / Pimentel, Janiel (Author) / Knowler, William C. (Author) / Frick, Kevin D. (Author) / Shaibi, Gabriel (Author) / Arizona State University. College of Nursing & Healthcare Innovation (Contributor) / Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (Contributor) / College of Public Service and Community Solutions (Contributor) / Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center (Contributor) / School of Social Work (Contributor)
Created2017-03-16