Filtering by
- Status: Published
![161939-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-11/161939-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=t.h_jt8nPbOOuAlnYNALm53o2xmervld&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240614/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T115640Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=e9448ed38e04642e9d01ae05c855ac266e198d32318ed429bec4649f0c689422&itok=l3XFHyiH)
![168688-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2022-08/168688-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=B5ktR0jbQ3wHlgv1FtG0mZA7O2aPdKg3&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240618/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240618T102437Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=127d587d938c29de7bf63995bfa6341505140241f3b16b7cf7e6a976a374ebc0&itok=uarLBrvv)
![162019-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-11/162019-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=ggwmCoJwMmPn_etoBvZ0I7CwloJLYXDG&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240530/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240530T154114Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=0cea31237d52131791dec1314c5a1f1381d7ee19e5f09faff2ea2eb500244841&itok=lUNu23V-)
Cities in the Global South face rapid urbanization challenges and often suffer an acute lack of infrastructure and governance capacities. Smart Cities Mission, in India, launched in 2015, aims to offer a novel approach for urban renewal of 100 cities following an area‐based development approach, where the use of ICT and digital technologies is particularly emphasized. This article presents a critical review of the design and implementation framework of this new urban renewal program across selected case‐study cities. The article examines the claims of the so‐called “smart cities” against actual urban transformation on‐ground and evaluates how “inclusive” and “sustainable” these developments are. We quantify the scale and coverage of the smart city urban renewal projects in the cities to highlight who the program includes and excludes. The article also presents a statistical analysis of the sectoral focus and budgetary allocations of the projects under the Smart Cities Mission to find an inherent bias in these smart city initiatives in terms of which types of development they promote and the ones it ignores. The findings indicate that a predominant emphasis on digital urban renewal of selected precincts and enclaves, branded as “smart cities,” leads to deepening social polarization and gentrification. The article offers crucial urban planning lessons for designing ICT‐driven urban renewal projects, while addressing critical questions around inclusion and sustainability in smart city ventures.`
![157426-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-09/157426-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=FDvN4x_53p6mlyWY6K59dSurIQ_LKsFw&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240616/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240616T225054Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=06057cd97f18f078fcdd5ac9054f2bfcfb6a35fe9a3ac68b4759216ca616f460&itok=vce8yfOg)
![154601-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-09/154601-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=vmklZXuTDmKE4JTghNRLmvWI5K2mpZCX&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240615/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T043701Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=1067878e9431f64bc16262ba675e69ee9ee0a970d35bb87e89b259b075cefb47&itok=ulLa8Wj1)
![153589-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-08/153589-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=MVbD5SQfrhmrqoLqr1K__MyTj3mUYVaQ&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240615/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T071614Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=8208552f276a3d2dce62ba737ef17cf2027fae75eef64d9dfa59324667b7a7b0&itok=jNRxJ9mu)
Collectively, this work represents the first characterization of in vivo virulence and in vitro pathogenesis properties of D23580, the latter using advanced human surrogate models that mimic key aspects of the parental tissue. Results from these studies highlight the importance of studying infectious diseases using an integrated approach that combines actions of biological and physical networks that mimic the host-pathogen microenvironment and regulate pathogen responses.
![153195-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-08/153195-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=_OJ60P1nD_ufMwpwdtuFOrjo.K6vDrXY&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240618/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240618T225627Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=4b90cef69bbf4875c9065c9f8b2f2a695435a521d422a08196e3a0deaec028e0&itok=yWwc58Th)
Romanian folk art and African art were the two main sources of influence on Brancusi's primitivism. Brancusi identified himself with the Romanian peasantry and its folk culture. Romanian folk culture embraces woodcarving and folk literary fables--both of which Brancusi incorporated in his sculptures. In my opinion, Brancusi's wood pedestals, such as the Endless Column, are based on wood funerary, decorative, and architectural motifs from Romanian villages.
Brancusi was exposed to African art through his relationship with the New York avant-garde. The art dealers Alfred Stieglitz, Marius de Zayas, and Joseph Brummer exhibited Brancusi's sculptures in their galleries, in addition to exhibiting African art. Meanwhile, Brancusi's main patron John Quinn also collected African art. His interaction with the New York avant-garde led him to incorporate formal features of African sculpture, such as the oval forms of African masks, into his abstract sculptures. Brancusi also used African art to expose the racial prejudice of his time. African art, along with Romanian folk art, informed Brancusi's primitivism consistently throughout his long career as a modern sculptor.
![155517-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-09/155517-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=c8.DN65lMcxR120.iRIanjMcgB2p.UFx&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240618/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240618T185001Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=ad11adcf016577d642e87383df4017074e42260e20e144a155c2b74d23778727&itok=QudUAtfZ)
![155874-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-08/155874-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=zUOyODSn0WqlO48vNA20JBt2kbRIwH33&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240618/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240618T184523Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=ae9ae8b229d940160a85c2229e6cc041940804d04eebccbdd6ba00a32b919b87&itok=Scf5180y)
phosphate or magnesium to the culture medium abrogated the fluid shear-related differences observed for A130 in LB medium for the acid or oxidative stress responses, respectively. Collectively, these findings indicate that like other Salmonella strains assessed thus far by our team, A130 responds to differences in physiological fluid shear, and that ion concentrations can modulate those responses.
![155884-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-08/155884-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=ij0FKOy1H3OOcAHnQeAuaW1_CaGr57ER&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240618/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240618T225627Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=6819cf5c7a7e44dee51fb45f6eec5180ae0dd8177246f781667767acd61ea9b4&itok=SHcdUK-O)
Trees serve as a natural umbrella to mitigate insolation absorbed by features of the urban environment, especially building structures and pavements. For a desert community, trees are a particularly valuable asset because they contribute to energy conservation efforts, improve home values, allow for cost savings, and promote enhanced health and well-being. The main obstacle in creating a sustainable urban community in a desert city with trees is the scarceness and cost of irrigation water. Thus, strategically located and arranged desert trees with the fewest tree numbers possible potentially translate into significant energy, water and long-term cost savings as well as conservation, economic, and health benefits. The objective of this dissertation is to achieve this research goal with integrated methods from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.
This dissertation includes three main parts. The first part proposes a spatial optimization method to optimize the tree locations with the objective to maximize shade coverage on building facades and open structures and minimize shade coverage on building rooftops in a 3-dimensional environment. Second, an outdoor urban physical scale model with field measurement is presented to understand the cooling and locational benefits of tree shade. The third part implements a microclimate numerical simulation model to analyze how the specific tree locations and arrangements influence outdoor microclimates and improve human thermal comfort. These three parts of the dissertation attempt to fill the research gap of how to strategically locate trees at the building to neighborhood scale, and quantifying the impact of such arrangements.
Results highlight the significance of arranging residential shade trees across different geographical scales. In both the building and neighborhood scales, research results recommend that trees should be arranged in the central part of the building south front yard. More cooling benefits are provided to the building structures and outdoor microclimates with a cluster tree arrangement without canopy overlap; however, if residents are interested in creating a better outdoor thermal environment, open space between trees is needed to enhance the wind environment for better human thermal comfort. Considering the rapid urbanization process, limited water resources supply, and the severe heat stress in the urban areas, judicious design and planning of trees is of increasing importance for improving the life quality and sustaining the urban environment.