Filtering by
- Resource Type: Text
![150070-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-09/150070-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=YQq_WAdpFMadHKHBaVfoYilrImaWkcQi&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240614/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T224834Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=3bed5fa743e8e2b601d5ef6f3d987f468b37c2a8e72db90c55a3e63b69309194&itok=0vrCoEyY)
![152183-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-08/152183-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=CfhperhEYFF9nRf8B5ne4A.vp_BqJWPf&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240606/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240606T062141Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=6e8e370dcd3e3f294a3e204317b4f51515f537da94a198e2abd630b80617056c&itok=NHNDZ4_Q)
![151928-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-09/151928-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=0sqipKUaQo.OA32QXj923c8MgiWQ9fpy&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240615/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T054305Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=6c1106cb10ca70cebb3b039f37ef45e322f1508b529168359103997b34cc5e51&itok=G1mEsQam)
![136273-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-05/136273-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=Kyre7GIYbaM9Yg1ahzA1uhDYsAtL6BeA&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240614/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T115636Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=42a55a7b6529137b648dcd60d194af7d39613a02247e5994104564f38914656d&itok=5y3WGKEe)
![136332-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-05/136332-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=ZOtSFQldaX31cOiNFEyWag4TYxdMNmM.&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240530/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240530T153633Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=715b0ae946eb830e80d00c6c9f2e0511e90768dc357f11fa4c1850b38b53bca2&itok=hiqGt06t)
![135548-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-05/135548-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=9XMs80V9dV7IiYpFUpGgOPyVRubnnAqA&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240614/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T124206Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=d4537aee1928c9f3494e3090d983d3e40a72ff4391e6598eaec17dbc5cc2abf0&itok=1UVXBbmI)
Hiking and Hegemony: Destabilizing the nature/culture and gender binaries through outdoor recreation
Our second framework, titled The Pleasurable Potential of Outdoor Recreation, cites second-wave feminism as a catalyst for women’s participation in wilderness exploration and outdoor recreation. The work of radical feminists and the women’s liberation movement in 1960s and 1970s empowered women at home, in the workplace, and eventually, in the outdoors; women reclaimed their wilderness, yet they continued to employ Framework One’s feminization of nature. Ecofeminsim brought together nature and women, seeking to bring justice to two groups wronged by the same entity: masculinity. In this context, outdoor recreation is empowering for women.
Despite the potential of Framework Two to reinscribe and better the experiences of women in outdoor recreation, we argue that both Frameworks One and Two perpetuate the gender binary and the nature/culture binary, because they are based upon the notion that women are in fact fundamentally different and separate from men, the notion that nature is an entity separate from culture, or human society, as well as the notion that nature is in fact a feminine entity.
Our third framework, Deer Pay No Mind to Your Genitals, engages poststructuralism, asserting that outdoor recreation and activities that occur in nature can serve to destabilize and deconstruct notions of the gender binary. However, we argue that care must be exercised during this process as not to perpetuate the problematic nature/culture binary, a phenomenon that is unproductive in terms of both sustainability and gender liberation. Outdoor recreation has been used by many as a tool to deconstruct numerous societal constraints, including the gender binary; this, however, continues to attribute escapist and isolationist qualities toward nature, and therefore perpetuating the nature/culture divide. Ultimately, we argue outdoor recreation can and should be used as a tool deconstruct the gender binary, however needs to account for the fact that if nature is helping to construct elements of culture, then the two cannot be separate.
![137003-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-05/137003-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=Zhv5BmlSY3LWj3xIfEl703QQev7dFXoi&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240615/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T063634Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=85400bbdf09571c8e39b4f0299affc16afefeef05349e8374cc39954dec38cd9&itok=IL1wgvJX)
![137415-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-05/137415-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=tGs.FpBqYHKaEtKvhfx.9dylr12YVMN.&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240614/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T224800Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=4d7cb37aee36a0bd94a63eaa39cef17d38e5186bdc224fe45c7a52a63d7d1108&itok=mrhXOYkD)
![137475-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2021-05/137475-Thumbnail%20Image.png?versionId=CSA26FpCTxiJ._BF8N2KPrRLdlSCG3rv&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240614/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240614T233200Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=f45735d5b8817b16c3bbfe93099c7ca2f6c9ee5ebfdd426c2858a8d908ba6040&itok=Pi2VBAjW)
![141392-Thumbnail Image.png](https://d1rbsgppyrdqq4.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/styles/width_400/public/2022-05/141392-thumbnail-image.png?versionId=1UlbizZ43Kyro_rLRnbLAi07X4y7Gp9y&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIASBVQ3ZQ42ZLA5CUJ/20240615/us-west-2/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240615T033315Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=120&X-Amz-Signature=055d36a47c6e125b55fbcc0cbc232d721ea81e6802c6a0dc57ea561f93f7894e&itok=P4YEeMXm)
Problem: The prospect that urban heat island (UHI) effects and climate change may increase urban temperatures is a problem for cities that actively promote urban redevelopment and higher densities. One possible UHI mitigation strategy is to plant more trees and other irrigated vegetation to prevent daytime heat storage and facilitate nighttime cooling, but this requires water resources that are limited in a desert city like Phoenix.
Purpose: We investigated the tradeoffs between water use and nighttime cooling inherent in urban form and land use choices.
Methods: We used a Local-Scale Urban Meteorological Parameterization Scheme (LUMPS) model to examine the variation in temperature and evaporation in 10 census tracts in Phoenix's urban core. After validating results with estimates of outdoor water use based on tract-level city water records and satellite imagery, we used the model to simulate the temperature and water use consequences of implementing three different scenarios.
Results and conclusions: We found that increasing irrigated landscaping lowers nighttime temperatures, but this relationship is not linear; the greatest reductions occur in the least vegetated neighborhoods. A ratio of the change in water use to temperature impact reached a threshold beyond which increased outdoor water use did little to ameliorate UHI effects.
Takeaway for practice: There is no one design and landscape plan capable of addressing increasing UHI and climate effects everywhere. Any one strategy will have inconsistent results if applied across all urban landscape features and may lead to an inefficient allocation of scarce water resources.
Research Support: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant SES-0345945 (Decision Center for a Desert City) and by the City of Phoenix Water Services Department. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF.