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- Creators: Barrett, The Honors College
- Resource Type: Text
Description
As the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to expand and improve across numerous industries, the success with which it has been integrated into the medical sector stands out. Physicians and researchers now utilize AI in many situations. In particular, advancements within the field of detection AI have had a significant impact on the diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis.
Detection AI has been developed to recognize important features within an image, such as malignant tumors in adults. For a scoliosis patient, a detection model can manipulate radiograph images to create masks and highlight important features that could be missed by the human eye, such as minute changes in a cell, and create binary masks of a spine. Using a popular convolution neural network (CNN) to examine datasets of scoliosis x-rays, provided by Hanger Inc [6], this paper examines the capabilities of machine learning to effectively differentiate the spine from other bones in x-ray imagery and to identify scoliosis in affected patients.
Based on the results of the project, several issues were discovered that, if resolved, could improve the overall accuracy of the model, which would allow it to potentially find its own place within medical workflows to expedite the scoliosis design process.
ContributorsCooney, Sloan (Author) / Kerner, Hannah (Thesis director) / Clark, Geoffrey (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Computer Science and Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
Interpretation, a form of informal education often used in National Parks, has long been used outside the classroom to effectively engage broad audiences in learning about the geosciences and to encourage them to connect with the local environment. An educational approach that draws on similar foundations to interpretation is place-based education (PBE), which focuses on connecting learning and fostering students' relationships with local cultures and places. Despite the similarities between the two pedagogies and a scarcity of geoscience-specific examples for active learning strategies, there has been little collaboration between interpretation and formal geoscience education. This paper investigates three case studies on PBE to explore where interpretive principles are already used and where they could be further applied to improve learning outcomes and increase student interest in the geosciences. Methodologies similar to the principles of interpretation can already be seen within these case studies to improve student outcomes, justifying further research on the use of interpretation within formal education. Increased communication and collaboration between informal and formal education resources could provide geoscience-specific approaches to effective teaching techniques and lead to further improvements in geoscience education.
ContributorsPerry, Skylar (Author) / Semken, Steven (Thesis director) / Ostman, Rae (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of Earth and Space Exploration (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
Abstract
Purpose of the Study
Vocabulary breadth and depth in children is associated with higher academic achievement, yet time for explicit vocabulary instruction is schools is limited. Physical activity has been proposed as a method to potentially improve word learning in children.
Method
In this pilot study, children were taught Tier 2 vocabulary words through two distinct interventions. Using a single-case alternating treatment design, this study evaluated whether high-intensity aerobic physical activity preceding vocabulary teaching could enhance word learning compared to sessions with only one vocabulary instruction. Participants included two children ages 9 and 11, who engaged in a four-week intervention of 16 sessions with immediate post intervention probes and a maintenance measure one week post training.
Results
As this project is currently ongoing, results are inconclusive.
Discussion
The author discusses key take away points learned from conducting this research study.
ContributorsKitchel, Jaron (Author) / Gray, Shelley (Thesis director) / Larson, David (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / College of Health Solutions (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
I and with help from my director and second reader, created a Virtual Reality (VR) game to help reduce the fear of needles. In the game design document, there is background information on Specific Phobia of Needles, past work/studies using VR in psychology and all that I came up with in regard to the game.
ContributorsFaltz, Marti (Author) / Johnson, Mina (Thesis director) / Pina, Armando (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Department of Psychology (Contributor) / Division of Teacher Preparation (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
The objective of this research was to examine physician’s behaviors reflective of humility as a potentially important factor in patient satisfaction. 30 volunteers responded to a 10-item questionnaire rated on a 5-point Likert scale after a visit with their physician. Results showed that patients who felt safe to ask questions freely, felt that the doctor was open-minded, and felt that their doctor was engaged and friendly with them during their visit, patient satisfaction increased. The results suggest that professional manners and respect towards a patient is not enough to achieve patient satisfaction. Rather, establishing rapport with patients provides stronger evidence of genuine humility and may be true drivers of patient satisfaction.
ContributorsMunguia-Trujillo, Dianne (Author) / Andel, Rostislav (Thesis director) / Tobar, Maggie (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation (Contributor) / Hugh Downs School of Human Communication (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
This study explores the intersection of gender identity and death investigations. The concept of gender is examined across cultures, highlighting how societies recognize and respect gender expression (Farra, 2010). The growing acceptance of transgender identities necessitates the reevaluation of death investigation protocols to ensure deceased individuals are identified and remembered according to their lived gender. (Bloshnich et al., 2022). The paper explores the challenges faced in achieving this goal, and concludes with a case study demonstrating the importance of respecting a transgender person’s identity in death rituals (Bloshnich et al. 2022)
ContributorsFrias, Armin (Author) / Bolhofner, Katelyn (Thesis director) / Marshall, Pamela (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of Interdisciplinary Forensics (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
Exercise has been shown to offer an array of mental health benefits including heightened confidence, intellectual functioning, sexual satisfaction, and reduced anxiety and depression. Various exercise formats, including strength training, cardiovascular exercise, and mind-body exercise, all have been shown to enhance mental well-being. Notably, group fitness classes have been found to have a significantly greater impact on mental-wellness than individual exercise sessions. Given the current college mental health crisis and lack of holistic lifestyle interventions, this study aims to apply this understanding to initiate positive reform. A cross comparison was conducted between strength, cardiovascular, and mind-body group fitness classes at the Tempe SDFC. Before and after mood surveys were administered to highlight potential changes in depression, anxiety, anger, and positive feelings. Across 26 participants, 16 strength, 19 cardiovascular, and 16 mind-body classes with corresponding before and after surveys were successfully completed. The results revealed significant reductions in depression, anxiety, and anger across all class types. Interestingly, significant increases in positive feelings were only observed for cardiovascular classes. These findings suggest that campus group fitness classes may serve as a valuable resource for improving student mental-well being. On a broader scale, this study contributes to increasing awareness about the effectiveness of exercise as a powerful tool to promote mental wellness alongside physical health.
ContributorsUppal, Kirin (Author) / Hart, Teresa (Thesis director) / Meier, Madeline (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of Life Sciences (Contributor) / Department of Psychology (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
Genome editing tools possess the potential to cure human genetic diseases. The most promising editing tools for addressing a significant portion of genetic diseases are adenine base editors (ABE). The complex consists of a deaminase domain fused to nCas9, guided by a sgRNA. Since no known adenine deaminase catalyzed DNA, E. coli tRNA deaminase (EcTadA) was evolved to ABE8e with 22 amino acid mutations to act on ssDNA substrates with extremely high efficiency. The cryoEM structure of ABE8e indicated that the evolved TadA is a dimer, and preliminary results show that wild-type TadA has weaker dimerization than TadA8e. This leaves us with the open question in the field: How does each amino acid introduced during directed evolution contribute to the dimerization strength and catalytic efficiency of ABE8e?
In this experiment, we investigate the role of tyrosine 123 in dimerization strength as well as editing efficiency. With the reverse mutation of Y123 to H, the dimerization strength of TadA8e as well as the DNA editing efficiency of ABE8e were analyzed by ensemble FRET and in vitro single-turnover kinetics assays and were compared to ABE8e. The results from ensemble FRET reveal persistent dimer strength across varying protein concentrations indicating that Y123H does not impact the dimerization strength. The in vitro single-turnover kinetics assay revealed an editing efficiency and rate comparable to that of ABE8e which indicates that Y123H does not significantly impact the catalysis of ABE8e. Further experimentation, such as investigation of mutations that are close in proximity or introduced simultaneously during directed evolution, is required to understand the role of tyrosine 123 in ABE8e.
ContributorsKostrinsky, Jack (Author) / Lapinaite, Audrone (Thesis director) / Mills, Jeremy (Committee member) / Stephanopoulos, Nicholas (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Harrington Bioengineering Program (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
Music festivals are a vibrant celebration of art, culture, and community, attracting global audiences and creating memorable experiences. However, the environmental footprint associated with these events from waste production, energy consumption, transportation, and water usage, poses significant sustainability challenges. This thesis proposes the development of a sustainable festival event management software designed to enhance and support sustainability practices at music festivals. The software enables real-time monitoring and analysis of key environmental strategies in waste management, energy use, transportation modes, and water management, assisting organizers in making informed decisions towards reducing ecological impacts. The research encompasses a detailed review of existing sustainable practices in the festival industry, identification of critical monitoring areas, and the integration of relevant algorithms for data analysis within the software. By facilitating better management through technology, this software aims to set a new standard for eco-friendly festival operations, promoting a balance between operational needs and environmental mindfulness.
ContributorsGulaya, Ashwin (Author) / Kuhn, Anthony (Thesis director) / Hedges, Craig (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Arts, Media and Engineering Sch T (Contributor) / Computer Science and Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2024-05
DescriptionThe Relationship Between Casual Male Online Sports Gamblers' Percentage of Gross Income Waged and Attitudes Towards Tax Evasion: A Simple Linear Regression Analysis
ContributorsToulouse, Anais (Author) / Campbell, Daniel (Co-author) / Orpurt, Steven (Thesis director) / Tserlukevich, Yuri (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Thunderbird School of Global Management (Contributor) / School of International Letters and Cultures (Contributor) / Department of Finance (Contributor) / Department of Information Systems (Contributor)
Created2024-05