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- Genre: Masters Thesis
Description
The poor spectral and temporal resolution of cochlear implants (CIs) limit their users’ music enjoyment. Remixing music by boosting vocals while attenuating spectrally complex instruments has been shown to benefit music enjoyment of postlingually deaf CI users. However, the effectiveness of music remixing in prelingually deaf CI users is still unknown. This study compared the music-remixing preferences of nine postlingually deaf, late-implanted CI users and seven prelingually deaf, early-implanted CI users, as well as their ratings of song familiarity and vocal pleasantness. Twelve songs were selected from the most streamed tracks on Spotify for testing. There were six remixed versions of each song: Original, Music-6 (6-dB attenuation of all instruments), Music-12 (12-dB attenuation of all instruments), Music-3-3-12 (3-dB attenuation of bass and drums and 12-dB attenuation of other instruments), Vocals-6 (6-dB attenuation of vocals), and Vocals-12 (12-dB attenuation of vocals). It was found that the prelingual group preferred the Music-6 and Original versions over the other versions, while the postlingual group preferred the Vocals-12 version over the Music-12 version. The prelingual group was more familiar with the songs than the postlingual group. However, the song familiarity rating did not significantly affect the patterns of preference ratings in each group. The prelingual group also had higher vocal pleasantness ratings than the postlingual group. For the prelingual group, higher vocal pleasantness led to higher preference ratings for the Music-12 version. For the postlingual group, their overall preference for the Vocals-12 version was driven by their preference ratings for songs with very unpleasant vocals. These results suggest that the patient factor of auditory experience and stimulus factor of vocal pleasantness may affect the music-remixing preferences of CI users. As such, the music-remixing strategy needs to be customized for individual patients and songs.
ContributorsVecellio, Amanda Paige (Author) / Luo, Xin (Thesis advisor) / Ringenbach, Shannon (Committee member) / Berisha, Visar (Committee member) / Zhou, Yi (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
This study examines cognitive and motor function in typical older adults following acute exercise. Ten older adults (Mage = 65.1) completed a single session of assisted cycling (AC) (i.e., exercise accomplished through the use of a motor), voluntary cycling (VC) (self-selected cadence), and a no cycling (NC) control group. These sessions were randomized and separated by approximately one week. Both ACT and VC groups rode a stationary bicycle for 30-minutes each session. These sessions were separated by at least two days. Participants completed cognitive testing that assessed information processing and set shifting and motor testing including gross and fine motor performance at the beginning and at the end of each session. Consistent with our hypothesis concerning manual dexterity, the results showed that manual dexterity improved following the ACT session more than the VC or NC sessions. Improvements in set shifting were also found for the ACT session but not for the VC or NC sessions. The results are interpreted with respect to improvements in neurological function in older adults following acute cycling exercise. These improvements are balance, manual dexterity, and set shifting which have a positive effects on activities of daily living; such as, decrease risk of falls, improve movements like eating and handwriting, and increase ability to multitask.
ContributorsSemken, Keith (Author) / Ringenbach, Shannon (Thesis advisor) / Der Ananian, Cheryl (Committee member) / Buman, Matthew (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2015
Description
Voluntary exercise has been shown to generate post exercise improvements in executive function within the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) population. Research is limited on the link between exercise and motor function in this population. Whether or not changes in executive and motor function are observed under assisted exercise conditions is unknown. This study examined the effect of a six-week cycling intervention on executive and motor-function responses in young adult females with ADHD. Participants were randomized to either a voluntary exercise (VE) or an assisted exercise (AE) group. Both groups performed 30 minute cycling sessions, three times per week, at either a voluntary or assisted rate, on a modified Theracycle Model 200 motorized stationary cycle ergometer. The Mann-Whitney U tests were used to detect median differences between groups, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to test median differences within groups. Executive function improvements were greater for AE compared to VE in activation (MDNAE = 162 vs. MDNVE = 308, U = .00, p = .076, ES = .79); planning (MDNAE = 51.0 vs. MDNAE = 40.5, U = .00, p = .083, ES = .77); attention (MDNAE = 13.0 vs. MDNVE = 10.0, U = .00, p = .083, ES = .77); and working memory (MDNAE = 10.0 vs. MDNVE = 6.5, U = .00, p = .076, ES = .79). Motor function improvements were greater for AE compared to VE in manual dexterity (MDNAE = 18 vs. MDNVE = 15.8, U = .00, p = .083, ES = .77); bimanual coordination (MDNAE = 28.0 vs. MDNVE = 25.3, U = .00, p = .083, ES = .77); and gross motor movements of the fingers, hands, and arms (MDNAE = 61.7 vs. MDNVE = 56.0, U = .00, p = .083, ES = .77). Deficits in executive and motor functioning have been linked to lifelong social and psychological impairments in individuals with ADHD. Finding ways to improve functioning in these areas is important for cognitive, emotional and social stability. Compared to VE, AE is a more effective strategy for improving executive and motor functioning in young adult females with ADHD.
ContributorsBirchfield, Natasha (Author) / Ringenbach, Shannon (Thesis advisor) / Lee, Chong (Committee member) / Chisum, Jack (Committee member) / Campbell, Kathyrn (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2014