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Despite the concern over school shootings in the last twenty years, little has been done to prevent these events. This paper addresses the need to have a consistent definition of a school shooting. The policies that have been enacted in the eight states with the most shootings in the past

Despite the concern over school shootings in the last twenty years, little has been done to prevent these events. This paper addresses the need to have a consistent definition of a school shooting. The policies that have been enacted in the eight states with the most shootings in the past 20 are categorized and compared to the number of incidences and victims. The study concludes that states need fewer reactionary policies and more policies based on systematic research; these states pass a majority of zero-tolerance, which are shown to be ineffective in preventing school shootings suggesting a need for a new approach to writing and addressing policy.
ContributorsFrommer, Stephanie Lynn (Author) / Thomas, Kathy (Thesis advisor) / Rodríguez, Yolanda (Committee member) / DaCosta, Laverne H. (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
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Cancer has a financial impact worldwide. According to a study published by the American Cancer Society, “cancer accounts for 1.5% of global gross domestic product loss per year” (John & Ross, 2010). The legal and economic costs of death are not something normally addressed with patients prior to the occurrence

Cancer has a financial impact worldwide. According to a study published by the American Cancer Society, “cancer accounts for 1.5% of global gross domestic product loss per year” (John & Ross, 2010). The legal and economic costs of death are not something normally addressed with patients prior to the occurrence of death. With an integrative approach, education may help reduce financial stressors for both the patient and family, while offering cost saving benefits to the facilities involved. Studies have shown that education pertaining to advanced care planning help to reduce hospital visits and the costs associated with the last six months of life. Integrating additional education in the form of legal and financial planning prior to death will benefit patients. This may benefit hospitals concurrently, by reducing hospital visits or length of stays, saving millions in Medicare costs to the hospital. Hospitals currently focus on the emotional, spiritual and intellectual needs of the patient post diagnosis of a terminal illness. Education related to funeral planning, preparing a will, and financial preparedness need to be included in the structured patient education offered at facilities. Individuals that have a higher socioeconomic status are typically more prepared for the costs associated with death. Offering financial education will allow more individuals experiencing the terminal diagnosis to prepare for their impending death.
ContributorsSimundson, Julie Lynn (Author) / Rodríguez, Yolanda (Thesis advisor) / Scheall, Scott (Thesis advisor) / Thomas, Kathy (Committee member) / Chanley, Jesse (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
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Description
The aim of this study was to explore how counselors of a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) focused out-of-school time (OST) program understood ways to support students’ social-emotional learning (SEL) and STEM identity development, as well as the impact on counselors’ awareness of their own SEL and STEM identity.

The aim of this study was to explore how counselors of a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) focused out-of-school time (OST) program understood ways to support students’ social-emotional learning (SEL) and STEM identity development, as well as the impact on counselors’ awareness of their own SEL and STEM identity. To do this, I developed the STEM-Social Emotional Learning for Facilitators (STEM-SELF) intervention. The STEM-SELF intervention focused on 1) implementing a series of workshops; 2) engaging counselors in a cycle of praxis as they created and implemented experiences for students; and 3) engaging counselors in reflection on the learning gained within the program context and in their own personal context. For the intervention, I used a professional learning community (PLC) to engage counselors in cycles of praxis and designed learning activities based on Knowles’ (1980) principles of adult learning. The content counselors learned focused on STEM identity theory, the SEL framework developed by the Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL), and modification of the Ways of Being model. The design was a primarily qualitative action research study and data collection and analysis happened in stages that aligned with the stages of implementation of the STEM-SELF intervention. Data included counselors' reflective journals and one-on-one interviews; the analysis was based on a reflexive thematic analysis approach. The study concluded that counselors gained confidence in facilitating SEL and STEM identity development activities and their understanding of SEL and STEM identity became more refined. Counselors also reflected that their learning was directly applicable to their contexts outside of the OST program. Additionally, counselors' awareness of their own SEL increased, and their conception of what made someone a “STEM person” changed.
ContributorsBettis, Megan M. (Author) / Markos, Amy (Thesis advisor) / Gomes, Aldrin (Committee member) / Henderson, Bryan (Committee member) / Jimenez-Silva, Margarita (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023