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Description本文对中国制药企业并购溢价影响因素进行了研究，提出了对制药企业并购非常重要的两个新的影响因素：可生产药品批文和在研新药批文。本文以2011年1月—2019年12月间我国制药行业上市公司并购事件为样本，对在研新药和可生产药品批文的价值从四个维度度量：是否有在研新药和可生产药品批文；在研新药数量及可生产药品批文数量；根据创新药和仿制药两个类别进行细分；标的企业所拥有的在研新药和可生产药品批文的市场价值。论文发现药品批文对企业并购溢价的影响不是很显著。进一步的，本文探究了药品批文对主并企业的对被并购公司的估值的影响。实证结果表明，我国制药企业在并购估值时确实会考虑到在研新药和可生产药品批文的价值。本文还发现对于可生产药品来说，相对创新药，被并购公司持有的仿制药批文影响更显著。而对于在研新药来说，主并企业更看重在研的创新药，在研仿制药对并购估值的影响不大。最后，本文选取了两个代表性案例进一步分析和探讨药品批文对企业并购的影响。
ContributorsYe, Tao (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Chang, Chun (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Committee member) / Gu, Bin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description汽车行业属于国家支柱型产业，创造了高额的产值，增加了就业岗位。随着汽车生产行业竞争日趋激烈的趋势影响，汽车经销商在未来会出现明显的分化，并且逐步向头部集中。基于这样的行业背景，本项研究开展汽车经销商整体经营和盈利能力等方面的详细深入分析，即系统整合汽车经销商业务运营层面和财务层面数据，结合统计研究方法，对经销商盈利能力进行系统且详实归因分析，从而试别驱动盈利能力的关键业务要素。其研究成果能够完善对行业发展规律和经营模式系统性理解，从而进一步指导该领域的相关业务实践，提高经销商整体经营业绩。本课题通过四个阶段来开展经销商整体经营与盈利归因的相关研究。首先，本课题梳理了中国汽车消费行业发展的历史，同时阐述样本期内（2018-2020年）国内宏观经济和汽车消费市场的特征进行，并介绍X品牌汽车经销商的地理分布、资质和业绩评级体系、自身经营特征以及汽车生产商对经销商扶持政策等方面。在第二阶段，本课题聚焦研究假设、模型与方法，通过对X品牌汽车经销商的业务结构和运营管理开展分析，并逐步识别影响经销商盈利的关键指标变量，并提出研究假设和相关模型（即时间序列模型和面板回归模型）。在第三阶段，本课题首先开展经销商相关信息整体性统计分析，获得关键业务指标在样本期内动态特征，并结合时间序列回归模型探讨各项业务指标对经销商整体盈利能力的影响程度。在第四阶段，本课题采用（个体）固定效应的面板回归模型来研究不同组别（控制）条件下经销商盈利能力的影响因素以及其盈利能力对这些因素的敏感程度，从而更深入和全面地揭示影响经销商盈利能力的潜在因素。
基于上述四阶段的研究结果，本研究进一步就提升经销商盈利能力展开讨论，并提出相应对策。本课题相关结论仅从X品牌汽车经销商经营和财务数据进行定性和定量分析获得，但衷心希望本研究的成果能够对汽车经销商改善经营业务方面能起到实践上的借鉴和指导意义。
ContributorsPan, Guangxiong (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Thesis advisor) / Zhu, Qigui (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description新世纪以来中国电影的产业化改革与探索愈发呈现良好的态势，国产院线电影也在实践中努力赢得观众和票房市场。其中类型喜剧电影，最符合商业电影规律、最顺应影视市场需求、最能获得票房收益而备受影视创投机构、制作公司青睐。本论文研究对象聚焦类型喜剧电影，通过“欢声笑语里的财富”现象，探究类型喜剧电影内部本体构成要素与外部客观促成要素的关联；以通过分析自变量与因变量因素对中国电影票房之类型喜剧影响因素进行实证研究，为影视创投和影视制作总结并提供可靠建议。
本论文整体结构包括：第一部分为导论，包括研究背景、目的意义，相关文献综述与文献评述和论文创新性。第二部分聚焦类型喜剧本身，从电影学范畴的电影本体出发，探究“笑”的心理、社会与文化内涵，并分析将“笑”对经济领域的延伸。第三部分以影视投资、票房为依托，从现象和数据中探寻影响类型喜剧电影的因素，为展开中国电影票房之类型喜剧影响因素实证研究做好理论的铺垫。第四与第五部分则基于上述理论进行实证检验，选用2013-2020年电影样本，采用多元线性回归模型研究喜剧类型对票房的吸引力，以及不同种类型喜剧对电影票房的提振效果作用差异。研究发现喜剧电影对电影票房有显著的提振作用；以及研究电影的外部影响因素（续集效应）对电影票房的作用。发现续集电影有更好的票房表现，续集效应的票房提升作用在喜剧电影中表现的更加明显。
本论文研究成果最终将回归到“欢声笑语里的财富”本身；即“类型复合喜剧”对促进电影与金融产业的互动关联、实现更加可持续化发展，以及进而推动经济及文化业的发展。
ContributorsLiu, Yongqian (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Zhu, Ning (Thesis advisor) / Dong, Xiaodan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description人口的老龄化不仅对养老事业提出更高的要求，也对养老服务产业人才的培养提出要求。但是青年学生选择涉老服务专业的意愿却非常低。因此，为了探究职业学院如何增强涉老服务专业吸引力这一问题，本文以学生为主体视角，利用相关理论，对于影响青年学生选择涉老服务专业的因素进行全面的分析，并结合深度访谈和调查法，提出并建构了相关的理论模型。首先，通过深度访谈和焦点小组讨论，结合对现有的文献的分析，本文提出了影响青年学生选择职业院校涉老服务专业的各种因素，主要包括：个人未来风险感知、家庭经济资本、社会信息评价、校企合作水平、专业课程建设水平、学生激励水平、师资队伍建设水平。之后，本文通过调查法，基于社会认同理论构建了本文的研究模型，并通过结构方程模型对所构建的模型进行检查。
本文的研究结果表明：个人未来风险感知对学生专业认同度产生负面影响；家庭经济资本对学生专业认同度产生负面影响；社会信息评价对学生专业认同度产生正面影响；校企合作水平对学生专业认同度产生正面影；专业课程建设水平对学生专业认同度产生正面影响；学生激励水平对学生专业认同度产生正面影响；师资队伍建设水平对学生专业认同度产生正面影响；学生专业认同度对学生专业选择意愿产生正面影响。
基于上述研究结论，本文选取了个人未来风险感知、家庭经济资本、社会信息评价、校企合作水平、专业课程建设水平、学生激励水平、师资队伍建设水平等因素对于广东岭南职业技术学院涉老服务专业的现有吸引力进行了分析和评估，并从这些视角进一步了对如何提升招生吸引力问题进行探讨，为提高涉老服务专业对于青年学生的吸引力，得出了相关管理建议。
ContributorsZhou, Lanqing (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Thesis advisor) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description本文在对分子诊断与基因测序相关概念以及文献进行分析和整理的基础上，通过批判分析找到当前研究的空白之处。在此基础上，从理论角度对研发投入、团队背景、应用场景等因素对公司财务绩效的作用机理以及销售模式对研发投入与公司财务绩效关系的调节机理进行分析并提出相关研究假设。利用华大基因、达安基因、凯普生物、金域医学、迪安诊断、艾德生物、透景生命、贝瑞基因等8家分子诊断与基因测序领域上市公司的数据实证了上述研究假设。研究发现：（1）研发投入能够显著促进分子诊断与基因测序公司的财务绩效，但是这种作用效力较小。公司规模和债务水平的提高会降低公司财务绩效，机构投资人持股比例和市场推广费用对公司财务绩效的影响不显著。
（2）创业团队背景的不同并不会导致分子诊断与基因测序公司财务绩效产生差异。
（3）采取直销模式的分子诊断与基因测序公司财务绩效要优于代销和混合模式，后两者公司财务绩效没有显著差异；与代理模式相比，采取直销模式的公司其研发对公司财务绩效的促进作用更加明显，混合模式公司则没有显著差异。
（4）不同产品应用场景的分子诊断与基因测序公司财务绩效，肿瘤的最好，传染病其次，遗传病的排在最后。
ContributorsGuan, Jian (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Thesis advisor) / Sun, Tianshu (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
The pharmaceutical industry is closely related to the national economy and people's livelihood, with high drug prices and pressure on health insurance. The implementation of the band purchasing policy has made an important contribution to lowering drug prices, improving the balance rate of health insurance, reshaping the pattern of the pharmaceutical industry, and improving the efficiency of pharmaceutical production and circulation, but how the band purchasing policy affects the performance of the majority of pharmaceutical enterprises, and how the pharmaceutical enterprises can effectively deal with the challenges of environmental mutation and other related problems have not yet been effectively explored.To this end, this paper collects data from A-share listed pharmaceutical companies in China from 2014 to 2022, takes 2018 as the base year for the implementation of the "4+7" "band purchasing" policy, and utilizes a multi-period DID double-difference model for hypothesis verification. It is found that the implementation of the band purchasing policy significantly reduces the profitability performance and growth performance of pharmaceutical enterprises. Secondly, the implementation of enhanced innovation can moderate the negative impact of band purchasing on the growth performance of enterprises, and the expansion of exports and the enhancement of digitalization can significantly
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improve the negative impact of band purchasing on the profitability performance of enterprises, but has no effect on the growth performance of enterprises. In addition, this paper analyzes the process of pharmaceutical enterprises' implementation of enhancing innovation, expanding exports, and improving digitalization through case studies, and refines the strategic change process model of "coping strategy formation - coping strategy implementation - adaptation to the new state" under the sudden change environment. This paper explores the differentiated effects of coping strategies of different types of pharmaceutical enterprises in the face of the band purchasing policy, and provides some insights into the practice of related enterprises.
ContributorsBao, Sheng (Author) / Zhu, David (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Xin (Thesis advisor) / Dong, Xiaodan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
This paper analyzes China's transformative changes over the past four decades through a microeconomic lens focused on enterprises. Market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises have emerged as a pivotal force driving China's economic development within this context. The article investigates the determinants of their development. Notably, more than half of market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises have entered the inheritance stage, necessitating the exploration of novel attributes for sustained growth.The study's research scope is defined across four dimensions, with a specific focus on approximately 4,000 market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises. It investigates the driving factors behind sustained performance growth at various stages of these enterprises, emphasizing five variables: "partnership governance, entrepreneurial spirit, development strategy, incentive mechanisms, and innovation capability." Employing a combination of "typical case studies" and "group validation" methods, the research examines the factors influencing sustained growth in these enterprises and their interrelationships. The goal is to construct a model for enterprise succession and development, ultimately offering recommendations to foster sustained growth.
The research paper is structured into an introduction, literature review and theoretical foundation, typical case studies, empirical research on a group, and a conclusion.
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Key findings include: Partnership governance positively impacts partners' entrepreneurial spirit, promoting sustained performance growth. Trajectory-oriented development strategies, effective incentive mechanisms, and leading innovation capabilities have a positive moderating effect on entrepreneurial spirit, fostering sustained performance growth. During the innovation development phase, partnership governance significantly influences entrepreneurial spirit with a noteworthy environmental moderation effect.
The paper recommends implementing a "Dual-Factor Improvement Model" that enhances both partnership governance systems and the selection and functioning mechanisms of entrepreneurial spirit partners. This approach aims to boost partners' entrepreneurial spirit and facilitate high-quality succession in market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises，，ultimately achieving sustained high-quality growth.
In conclusion, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of sustained performance growth in enterprises. It offers valuable insights for the succession and development of market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises and innovation-driven entrepreneurship. This research holds significant value in advancing sustained high-quality development among market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises in China, optimizing resource allocation, and nurturing talented individuals.
ContributorsDeng, Cheng (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
With the increasing aging population in China, the public's emphasis on health has been on the rise. Many innovative pharmaceutical companies have undertaken multiple rounds of financing, with some going public through IPOs. As a high-tech industry, it is essential to study the relationship between the level of corporate publicity and the financing process.This study collected information on the number of promotional articles, timing, and platforms of dozens of pharmaceutical companies that have already gone public through IPOs using Python. An analysis was conducted on the temporal variations of promotional articles for ten representative companies. It was found that the number of promotional articles experienced a significant increase in the month of IPO or the month before, and remained relatively high even after the IPO.
Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coefficient method was used to analyze the correlation between the number of promotional articles and various stages of financing. The study found a positive correlation between the daily average number of promotional articles before IPO and the final financing amount. Additionally, a strong positive correlation was observed between the daily average number of promotional articles from 7 days before IPO to IPO day and the turnover rate on IPO day. Grey correlation analysis was also employed to analyze the impact of publicity on the financing amount of each
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financing round, revealing that the financing round and the Shanghai Composite Index had a significant influence.
Finally, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the pre-IPO financing scale, IPO-day trading amount, and the level of corporate publicity. The regression results indicated that the pre-IPO financing scale was mainly influenced by the number of promotional articles in the 7 days preceding IPO, particularly for pharmaceutical companies listed on the A-share market. Moreover, a negative correlation was observed between the financing round and the financing amount, particularly among companies that experienced a decline in share price on the IPO day. However, the study found a weak association between the IPO-day trading amount and the level of corporate publicity, primarily observed among pharmaceutical companies listed on the A-share market.
ContributorsMiao, Yujia (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
Solar power, as an important part of renewable energy, has become one of the main choices for countries around the world in their energy strategic layout due to its cleanliness, renewability, and distributed attributes. In the context of the booming photovoltaic industry, China has emerged a large number of excellent photovoltaic companies, driving the whole industry to reduce costs and increase efficiency, making many contributions to the grid parity of photovoltaic power generation. In the development lifecycle of the photovoltaic industry, various companies choose different competitive strategies to deal with industry cyclical changes and external uncertainty based on their core competitiveness and market opportunities. Vertical integration is one of the strategic paths chosen by many photovoltaic companies. Therefore, it is an important issue to explore the impact of vertical integration on the development of Chinese photovoltaic companies.Based on the data of China's A-share listed photovoltaic companies from 2018 to 2022, this paper uses panel fixed effect model to empirically test the impact of vertical integration on corporate valuation, explores its influencing mechanism, and further analyzes the moderating effect of enterprise heterogeneity factors. The research in this paper shows that: (1) under other conditions unchanged, vertical integration significantly improves the valuation level of enterprises, and this positive impact will not change with the measurement method of enterprise valuation level. This is because the higher the vertical integration degree of enterprises, the stronger their ability to respond to external uncertainty. The more enterprises can obtain capital market preferences, the higher the enterprise valuation will be. This also means that the higher the vertical integration degree of photovoltaic enterprises, the higher their market share is, and they are more able to avoid the impact of external uncertainty, thus obtaining a higher valuation level in the secondary market. (2) The intermediary effect test shows that the channel for vertical integration of photovoltaic enterprises to affect enterprise valuation levels is to increase their market share. (3) Further heterogeneity analysis shows that enterprise profitability and enterprise size positively regulate the impact of vertical integration on enterprise valuation, while enterprise management shareholding ratio and enterprise operating cost ratio will weaken the positive promotion effect of vertical integration.
The research conclusions of this paper provide micro-empirical evidence for how photovoltaic companies can improve their enterprise valuation, and also provide some management references for other unlisted companies in the same industry.
Keywords: Photovoltaic enterprises; Vertical integration; Corporate valuation; Fixed effect model
ContributorsZheng, Ren (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Thesis advisor) / Zhao, Yanfei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description并购重组一直是提升企业经营效率、增强市场活力的重要力量。我国政府也一直积极鼓励企业间的并购重组以推动资源的优化配置，使得我国并购重组市场一直较为活跃，交易数量和规模屡创新高。然而交易双方的信息不对称可能导致并购方支付过高的并购溢价，损害并购方价值。针对这一问题，证监会于 2008 年开始实施《上市公司重大资产重组管理办法》，要求当标的资产估值是基于未来预期收益时，如果标的资产未来三年的实际盈利低于承诺利润，交易对方需以现金或股份形式对并购方进行补偿。因此，业绩承诺的政策初衷是防止被并购方操纵资产价格、保护并购方和外部投资者的利益。但近年来，部分公司与标的方合谋制定高业绩承诺以换取高估值溢价，继而引发财务造假、减持套现、利益输送、股价崩盘等一系列问题，比如曾被称为“游戏第一股”的掌趣科技从 2013 年开始疯狂并购多家公司并签订相应业绩承诺，公司股价随之飙升，华谊兄弟等大股东和管理层趁机大规模减持，累计套现近60亿，导致中小股东利益严重受损，资本市场对业绩承诺的质疑也日益增加。因此并购重组业绩承诺实现的影响因素及其作用机制成为近年来学术界的研究热点。上市公司进行并购交易时，通常会根据自身财务状况、股权结构、融资成本等因素设计并购支付方式。根据中国证监会 2014 年发布的 《关于修改＜上市公司收购管理办法＞的决定》 的规定，上市公司收购可采用现金、证券、现金与证券相结合等合法方式支付收购价款。收购方无论采取何种支付方式，都是期望通过优化配置资源、改善经营绩效和增加股东财富。自股权分置改革以来，我国的资本市场正不断完善，并购支付方式也逐渐走向多元化。但是由于信息不对称等问题的存在，业绩承诺协议中的支付方式选择和补偿方式选择也可能会滋生并购双方进行利益输送的温床。因此，在该背景下，研究支付方式对业绩承诺的影响机制具有重要的理论和现实意义。
本文以2014-2018年我国A股主板上市公司为研究样本，以“提出问题-理论分析-实证分析-研究结论”为基本思路，运用委托代理理论、信息不对称理论、信号传递理论以及控制权等理论，分析企业并购支付方式的影响因素和支付方式对业绩承诺影响的作用机制，并提出本文的研究假设，通过描述性统计分析、二元逻辑回归和多元线性回归分析等研究方法对研究假设进行实证检验，得出本文的研究结论。
本文主要的研究工作和内容如下：
根据本文的研究主题，梳理了并购、支付方式、业绩承诺等方面已有研究文献，指出已有研究文献的贡献和不足，进而提出本文的研究问题。
在理论分析和作用机理方面，本文运用代理理论、信息不对称理论、融资优序理论、控制权理论等针对支付方式的影响因素以及支付方式对业绩承诺影响的机理进行分析，据此提出本文的研究假设。
在实证研究方面，运用描述性统计分析、二元逻辑回归和多元线性回归分析等方法检验了股权集中度、现金持有量和市场估值对支付方式选择的影响，利用中介效应检验验证了资本结构、股权制衡以及税负协同在支付方式与业绩承诺之间的作用路径，得出本文的实证结论，最后采用更换实证模型方法和主要研究变量的方法进行了相应的稳健性检验。
最后给出本文的主要研究结论，指出本文的研究局限和未来研究方向。
本文的主要研究结论如下： （1）股票支付方式更有利于实现业绩承诺。通过多元统计回归分析和中介效应检验，以及现金支付和股权支付下的业绩承诺兑现进行均值差异检验，均发现两种不同支付方式下的业绩承诺兑现效果是显著存在差异的。（2）在理论上解释了支付方式影响业绩承诺的机理。运用信息不对称下的信号理论、资本结构理论、公司控制权以及协同理论,阐述了支付方式影响业绩承诺的机理,业绩承诺的兑现是支付方式、资本结构、公司控制权结构等多种因素综合作用的结果。选择不同的支付方式来源于企业不同的融资方式，差异化的融资方式就会导致企业在并购完成后形成不同的资本结构和股权结构，从而给企业带来财务协同和管理协同效应，同时，由于我国税收制度的改革，对不同的支付方式均能够影响并购参与方的税收变化，能够产生税收协同效应，从而有利于实现企业的业绩承诺。
（3）在并购支付方式影响因素的研究中，运用多元回归统计回归的方法分析方法验证了现金持有量、股权集中度和市场估值是影响企业并购支付方式的重要因素。其中，股权集中度与支付方式的回归系数为负数，说明股权集中度越高，企业越倾向于选择现金支付；现金持有量与股份支付之间存在负相关的关系，即公司现金持有水平越高，企业越偏好选择现金支付；市场估值与股份支付的回归系数为正，说明企业并购支付方式具有择时效应，当上市公司股价较高时，上市公司会利用股票溢价来减少实际支付的金额。
（4）在支付方式对业绩承诺的兑现的研究中，运用逻辑回归和中介效应检验的方法，证实了支付方式能够对业绩承诺直接产生影响外，还发现资本结构、股权制衡和税负在其中发挥了中介的作用，其中相比现金支付，股权支付会引起股权结构和债务结构的变化，通过风险共担以及股权结构的优化，在一定程度上能够一直股权制衡带来的寻租成本，从而有利于业绩承诺的兑现。股权支付能够获得递延交纳资本利得税、应计折日和资产增加等税收协同，也助力了业绩承诺的实现。与此同时，发现并购企业自身规模、被并购企业的规模、并购的类型以及是否是关联并购也起到了一定的影响，这为企业如何实现业绩承诺提供了参考。
本文的创新之处体现在：
（1）研究视角的创新。以往关于并购支付方式的研究主要关注支付方式的选择对并购绩效的影响，鲜少考虑业绩承诺这一前提下二者之间的关系。本文综合考量当并购双方签订业绩承诺的情况下，企业的并购目标不同于简单追求控制权的转移，增加了对并购长期战略目标的关注，分析支付方式对业绩承诺的影响及其作用机制。本文基于业绩承诺视角研究支付方式对并购绩效的影响，进一步扩展了并购领域的研究视角。
（2）研究方法的创新。利用中介效应检验模型验证支付方式对业绩承诺的影响。支付方式作为并购战略的重要组成部分，对于能否顺利实施并购战略具有重要的意义，以往的研究大多选择结构方程进行因素检验，本文采用中介效应的三步法进行验证，发现支付方式既有直接效应，同时还验证了资本结构、股权制衡和税收协同的部分中介作用，本研究有助于丰富和完善支付方式对业绩承诺影响的研究内容。
（3）研究方向和内容的创新。本文采用本文改变现有文献通过设置虚拟变量的方式将股份支付和现金支付截然分开，把并购案例中股份支付对价与并购支付总对价之间的比率作为并购支付变量，并购支付变量设计成连续变量；同时，本文以并购完成后样本公司的资本结构、股权制衡和税负变化衡量并购带来的协同效应为中介变量，详细分析支付方式对业绩承诺影响的作用机制，完善并丰富了并购领域的研究。
ContributorsPan, Jie (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Xin (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Committee member) / Gu, Bin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023