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- All Subjects: Consumers--Attitudes.
- Creators: Zheng, Zhiqiang
Description
It is well understood that decisions made under uncertainty differ from those made without risk in important and significant ways. Yet, there is very little research into how uncertainty manifests itself in the most ubiquitous of decision-making environments: Consumers' day-to-day decisions over where to shop, and what to buy for their daily grocery needs. Facing a choice between stores that either offer relatively stable "everyday low prices" (EDLP) or variable prices that reflect aggressive promotion strategies (HILO), consumers have to choose stores under price-uncertainty. I find that consumers' attitudes toward risk are critically important in determining store-choice, and that heterogeneity in risk attitudes explains the co-existence of EDLP and HILO stores - an equilibrium that was previously explained in somewhat unsatisfying ways. After choosing a store, consumers face another source of risk. While knowing the quality or taste of established brands, consumers have very little information about new products. Consequently, consumers tend to choose smaller package sizes for new products, which limits their exposure to the risk that the product does not meet their prior expectations. While the observation that consumers purchase small amounts of new products is not new, I show how this practice is fully consistent with optimal purchase decision-making by utility-maximizing consumers. I then use this insight to explain how manufacturers of consumer packaged goods (CPGs) respond to higher production costs. Because consumers base their purchase decisions in part on package size, manufacturers can use package size as a competitive tool in order to raise margins in the face of higher production costs. While others have argued that manufacturers reduce package sizes as a means of raising unit-prices (prices per unit of volume) in a hidden way, I show that the more important effect is a competitive one: Changes in package size can soften price competition, so manufacturers need not rely on fooling consumers in order to pass-through cost increases through changes in package size. The broader implications of consumer behavior under risk are dramatic. First, risk perceptions affect consumers' store choice and product choice patterns in ways that can be exploited by both retailers and manufacturers. Second, strategic considerations prevent manufacturers from manipulating package size in ways that seem designed to trick consumers. Third, many services are also offered as packages, and also involve uncertainty, so the effects identified here are likely to be pervasive throughout the consumer economy.
ContributorsYonezawa, Koichi (Author) / Richards, Timothy J. (Thesis advisor) / Grebitus, Carola (Committee member) / Park, Sungho (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2014
Description
Private labels command a growing share of food retailers' shelf space. In this dissertation, I explain this phenomenon as resulting from "umbrella branding," or the ability of a single brand to reach across categories. Conceptually, I define umbrella branding as a behavioral attribute that describes a shopper's tendency to ascribe a performance bond to a brand, or to associate certain performance characteristics to a private label brand, across multiple categories. In the second chapter, I describe the performance bond theory in detail, and then test this theory using scanner data in the chapter that follows. Because secondary data has limitations for testing behavioral theories, however, I test the performance bond theory of umbrella branding using a laboratory experiment in the fourth chapter. In this chapter, I find that households tend to transfer their perception of private label performance across categories, or that a manifestation of umbrella branding behavior can indeed explain private labels' success. In the fifth chapter, I extend this theory to compare umbrella branding in international markets, and find that performance transference takes its roots in consumers' cultural backgrounds. Taken together, my results suggest that umbrella branding is an important behavioral mechanism, and one that can be further exploited by retailers across any consumer good category with strong credence attributes.
ContributorsTheron, Sophie (Author) / Richards, Timothy J. (Thesis advisor) / Grebitus, Carola (Committee member) / Hughner, Renee (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2014
Description现今的理论研究及实践表明，供应链上各个企业进行协调运作的基础是节点企业间有效信息进行高效传递。但供应链上下游企业在合作过程中通常存在信息不完全对称现象、牛鞭效应等问题，供应链中信息传递的实时性及真实性受到较大影响，这也是导致供应链管理整体效率不高的原因之一。因此，供应链伙伴间信息共享问题已是国内外学者普遍关注的焦点。本文旨在针对目前我国家居供应链企业间信息沟通不畅、信息共享不充分的问题及其理论研究的不足，来开展针对影响家居供应链企业间信息共享因素的实证研究。本文基于家居供应链这一特殊的行业供应链，建立基于家居供应链企业间信息共享关键影响因素理论模型，通过实证方法来寻找影响供应链企业间信息共享的关键因素及其具体影响程度。
在已有文献的基础上，本文提出信任、共同愿景、信息技术能力、渠道权力结构与信息共享间影响关系的概念模型，并对长三角及珠三角地区家居供应链经销商企业进行问卷调查研究。最后在回收的 164 份有效问卷基础上通过数据分析来验证假设。研究结果显示：(1)不论是家居工厂与经销商间还是家居卖场与经销商间，信任对共享信息的内容和质量都有显著正向影响。(2)家居工厂与经销商间的共同愿景对彼此间信息共享内容有显著正向影响作用，但对信息共享质量作用不明显。而家居卖场与经销商间的共同愿景对信息共享的内容和质量都有正向影响作用。(3)经销商的信息技术能力对双方间信息共享的内容和质量都有显著影响，同时，还能促进家居工厂与经销商之间的信任，间接影响双方的信息共享程度。(4) 家居卖场与经销商间的渠道权力对双方间的信任程度有显著影响，而对双方间的信息共享没有直接影响。
本研究主要研究贡献在于：发现影响家居供应链信息共享的关键因素，弥补了现有文献对中国供应链企业信息共享影响因素研究的不足，特别聚焦于家居供应链；从供应链上下游整体角度出发，探讨了中国情境下信任、共同愿景、信息技术能力和渠道权力结构与信息共享之间的作用机理。
在已有文献的基础上，本文提出信任、共同愿景、信息技术能力、渠道权力结构与信息共享间影响关系的概念模型，并对长三角及珠三角地区家居供应链经销商企业进行问卷调查研究。最后在回收的 164 份有效问卷基础上通过数据分析来验证假设。研究结果显示：(1)不论是家居工厂与经销商间还是家居卖场与经销商间，信任对共享信息的内容和质量都有显著正向影响。(2)家居工厂与经销商间的共同愿景对彼此间信息共享内容有显著正向影响作用，但对信息共享质量作用不明显。而家居卖场与经销商间的共同愿景对信息共享的内容和质量都有正向影响作用。(3)经销商的信息技术能力对双方间信息共享的内容和质量都有显著影响，同时，还能促进家居工厂与经销商之间的信任，间接影响双方的信息共享程度。(4) 家居卖场与经销商间的渠道权力对双方间的信任程度有显著影响，而对双方间的信息共享没有直接影响。
本研究主要研究贡献在于：发现影响家居供应链信息共享的关键因素，弥补了现有文献对中国供应链企业信息共享影响因素研究的不足，特别聚焦于家居供应链；从供应链上下游整体角度出发，探讨了中国情境下信任、共同愿景、信息技术能力和渠道权力结构与信息共享之间的作用机理。
ContributorsYang, Yu (Author) / Gu, Bin (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Xinlei (Thesis advisor) / Zheng, Zhiqiang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description本论文研究的目的是针对银行卡跨境支付行为，根据不同的跨境支付渠道，结合资金清算的不同模式下的资金清算效率进行研究，并对现有清算系统内，运用理论和模型，对如何提高银行卡跨境资金清算进行阐述分析，力图在现有跨境资金清算金融设施的基础上，对银行卡跨境资金清算的流动性管理、头寸控制、增加清算周期等因素进行研究分析，进而尝试提出清算机制和流程的优化设计，以促进跨境资金提高周转效率，节约社会交易成本和持卡人资金成本。
论文将对相关银行卡跨境支付、清算基本流程、涉及的相关系统进行说明，并对全球和世界主要国家的银行卡市场进行介绍，结合我国银行卡跨境业务的现状、跨境支付清算涉及的主要环节、清算系统，通过不同层次、不同模型的分类比对，提出提高银行卡跨境支付资金清算的关键节点，并加以聚焦、深入测算、推导。研究的最终目的是期望通过对以上的分析，能够对银行卡资金清算参与主体对清算模式的选择、流动性节约、头寸管理等有所帮助，让清算主体能籍此对支付通道、清算模式、账户管理等选择上有所参考，促进卡组织（支付系统）籍此提高清算效率，从而降低整体交易和资金成本，提高支付行业整体资金资源的使用效率。
论文将对相关银行卡跨境支付、清算基本流程、涉及的相关系统进行说明，并对全球和世界主要国家的银行卡市场进行介绍，结合我国银行卡跨境业务的现状、跨境支付清算涉及的主要环节、清算系统，通过不同层次、不同模型的分类比对，提出提高银行卡跨境支付资金清算的关键节点，并加以聚焦、深入测算、推导。研究的最终目的是期望通过对以上的分析，能够对银行卡资金清算参与主体对清算模式的选择、流动性节约、头寸管理等有所帮助，让清算主体能籍此对支付通道、清算模式、账户管理等选择上有所参考，促进卡组织（支付系统）籍此提高清算效率，从而降低整体交易和资金成本，提高支付行业整体资金资源的使用效率。
ContributorsZhao, Jinxing (Author) / Gu, Bin (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Anmin (Thesis advisor) / Zheng, Zhiqiang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description航天产业属于技术密集型行业，现阶段中国航天的发展需要巨额资金和科研人力资本。传统航天企业内员工相较商业航天企业缺乏创新精神，“搭便车”现象严重，缺乏以创新为内在增长动力的传统航天产业，其发展持续性终究得不到满足。相比而言，国内外的商业航天企业却展现出较强的创新能力。遗憾的是，虽然航天产业的高科技属性决定了科研人员的关键角色，但目前的研究几乎没有系统地研究过不同的体制对航天产业创新的影响机制，而有限的研究也集中在讨论宏观环境对行业创新的影响。本研究将弥补这方面研究的不足，分析传统航天模式与新兴商业航天模式下科研人员创新力差别的内在动因，力求给传统航天产业的发展提供有实际意义的参考和建议。
作者自2008年加入传统航天院所从事科研工作，2014年创立中国第一家商业卫星公司，在实践中充分利用面试知识型员工的机会，并深入访谈了不同职级的科研人员，覆盖了30家商业航天公司（截至2016年上市公司54家），包括来自中国传统航天的科研院所、直属航天企业及新兴商业航天公司300余人。通过多次沟通、邮件往来等方式进一步调查研究，发现不同所有制公司的员工在组织认同度方面存在较为明显的差异。为了系统科学地理解组织认同度在航天行业内如何影响不同体制下的科研人员的创新，本研究采用问卷调查的形式收集了1200份问卷，研究在传统航天及商业航天这两种不同所有制的航天企业中，组织认同度与科研人员创新能力的关系。从实证结果来看，航天产业员工组织认同度会显著影响员工的创新绩效，组织认同度越高的员工其创新能力往往更强，员工创新绩效越高。与此同时，通过进一步研究分析发现，航天产业公司所有权属性的差异在组织认同影响员工创新能力的过程中起着调节作用。具体而言，传统航天企业中的员工，其组织认同度对其员工创新能力影响更小，商业航天公司员工创新能力受到其组织认同度的影响相对较大。
研究结果从某种程度上反映了航天领域不同所有权属性企业所具有的不同的组织文化、组织价值观与组织结构会导致其员工个体组织认同度对其创新行为的影响产生差异。从组织文化的角度出发，商业航天企业其组织文化相对于传统航天企业而言更加自由，对员工创意、创新行为限制更少，这种自由的文化刺激并提高了员工的组织认同度，使得个体创新行为的效果更加显著。另外，从组织价值观的角度而言，商业航天企业员工相对于传统航天企业员工来讲更加看重创新行为的意义，其对员工创新行为的重视使其员工组织认同度对员工取得创新绩效产生了催化作用。最后，从组织结构的角度来看，商业航天企业其管理层相对而言往往更愿意接受企业中员工的创意与创新行为，给员工留下了相当大的创新空间，这种灵活的管理方式从某种程度上也会促进组织认同度对员工创新行为产生影响。
作者自2008年加入传统航天院所从事科研工作，2014年创立中国第一家商业卫星公司，在实践中充分利用面试知识型员工的机会，并深入访谈了不同职级的科研人员，覆盖了30家商业航天公司（截至2016年上市公司54家），包括来自中国传统航天的科研院所、直属航天企业及新兴商业航天公司300余人。通过多次沟通、邮件往来等方式进一步调查研究，发现不同所有制公司的员工在组织认同度方面存在较为明显的差异。为了系统科学地理解组织认同度在航天行业内如何影响不同体制下的科研人员的创新，本研究采用问卷调查的形式收集了1200份问卷，研究在传统航天及商业航天这两种不同所有制的航天企业中，组织认同度与科研人员创新能力的关系。从实证结果来看，航天产业员工组织认同度会显著影响员工的创新绩效，组织认同度越高的员工其创新能力往往更强，员工创新绩效越高。与此同时，通过进一步研究分析发现，航天产业公司所有权属性的差异在组织认同影响员工创新能力的过程中起着调节作用。具体而言，传统航天企业中的员工，其组织认同度对其员工创新能力影响更小，商业航天公司员工创新能力受到其组织认同度的影响相对较大。
研究结果从某种程度上反映了航天领域不同所有权属性企业所具有的不同的组织文化、组织价值观与组织结构会导致其员工个体组织认同度对其创新行为的影响产生差异。从组织文化的角度出发，商业航天企业其组织文化相对于传统航天企业而言更加自由，对员工创意、创新行为限制更少，这种自由的文化刺激并提高了员工的组织认同度，使得个体创新行为的效果更加显著。另外，从组织价值观的角度而言，商业航天企业员工相对于传统航天企业员工来讲更加看重创新行为的意义，其对员工创新行为的重视使其员工组织认同度对员工取得创新绩效产生了催化作用。最后，从组织结构的角度来看，商业航天企业其管理层相对而言往往更愿意接受企业中员工的创意与创新行为，给员工留下了相当大的创新空间，这种灵活的管理方式从某种程度上也会促进组织认同度对员工创新行为产生影响。
ContributorsWang, Yang (Author) / Zhu, Hongquan (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Anmin (Thesis advisor) / Zheng, Zhiqiang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description
It is well understood that innovation drives productivity growth in agriculture. Innovation, however, is a process that involves activities distributed throughout the supply chain. In this dissertation I investigate three topics that are at the core of the distribution and diffusion of innovation: optimal licensing of university-based inventions, new variety adoption among farmers, and consumers’ choice of new products within a social network environment.
University researchers assume an important role in innovation, particularly as a result of the Bayh-Dole Act, which allowed universities to license inventions funded by federal research dollars, to private industry. Aligning the incentives to innovate at the university level with the incentives to adopt downstream, I show that non-exclusive licensing is preferred under both fixed fee and royalty licensing. Finding support for non-exclusive licensing is important as it provides evidence that the concept underlying the Bayh-Dole Act has economic merit, namely that the goals of university-based researchers are consistent with those of society, and taxpayers, in general.
After licensing, new products enter the diffusion process. Using a case study of small holders in Mozambique, I observe substantial geographic clustering of new-variety adoption decisions. Controlling for the other potential factors, I find that information diffusion through space is largely responsible for variation in adoption. As predicted by a social learning model, spatial effects are not based on geographic distance, but rather on neighbor-relationships that follow from information exchange. My findings are consistent with others who find information to be the primary barrier to adoption, and means that adoption can be accelerated by improving information exchange among farmers.
Ultimately, innovation is only useful when adopted by end consumers. Consumers’ choices of new products are determined by many factors such as personal preferences, the attributes of the products, and more importantly, peer recommendations. My experimental data shows that peers are indeed important, but “weak ties” or information from friends-of-friends is more important than close friends. Further, others regarded as experts in the subject matter exert the strongest influence on peer choices.
University researchers assume an important role in innovation, particularly as a result of the Bayh-Dole Act, which allowed universities to license inventions funded by federal research dollars, to private industry. Aligning the incentives to innovate at the university level with the incentives to adopt downstream, I show that non-exclusive licensing is preferred under both fixed fee and royalty licensing. Finding support for non-exclusive licensing is important as it provides evidence that the concept underlying the Bayh-Dole Act has economic merit, namely that the goals of university-based researchers are consistent with those of society, and taxpayers, in general.
After licensing, new products enter the diffusion process. Using a case study of small holders in Mozambique, I observe substantial geographic clustering of new-variety adoption decisions. Controlling for the other potential factors, I find that information diffusion through space is largely responsible for variation in adoption. As predicted by a social learning model, spatial effects are not based on geographic distance, but rather on neighbor-relationships that follow from information exchange. My findings are consistent with others who find information to be the primary barrier to adoption, and means that adoption can be accelerated by improving information exchange among farmers.
Ultimately, innovation is only useful when adopted by end consumers. Consumers’ choices of new products are determined by many factors such as personal preferences, the attributes of the products, and more importantly, peer recommendations. My experimental data shows that peers are indeed important, but “weak ties” or information from friends-of-friends is more important than close friends. Further, others regarded as experts in the subject matter exert the strongest influence on peer choices.
ContributorsFang, Di (Author) / Richards, Timothy J. (Thesis advisor) / Bolton, Ruth N (Committee member) / Grebitus, Carola (Committee member) / Manfredo, Mark (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2015
Description
Private label growth in emerging markets has not kept pace with the growth in private labels elsewhere. For instance, in Europe and North America, private labels now constitute an average of 35% of total retail market share, compared to emerging markets, where market shares vary between 1% and 8 %. This dissertation examines the possibility that differences in private-label performance between developed and emerging economies is not driven by one mechanism, but arises from a variety of sources, both structural, and behavioral. Specifically, I focus on manufacturers’ market power, retailers’ private label portfolio strategies, and consumers’ perceptions of private labels. In most emerging economies, national brand manufacturers tend to be the sole producers of private labels. As a result, manufacturers have inherent market power and can deter retailers from pursuing aggressive private label strategies, which results in low private label market shares. Moreover, some retailers in emerging economies now carry their private labels as part of a multi-tiered portfolio. However, a small price-gap between the quality tiers results in high intraportfolio competition leading to cannibalization and lower private label market shares. Last, private label market shares in emerging economies may be smaller than in developed economies because low-income households prefer higher priced national brands. This counterintuitive phenomenon is driven by two interrelated factors. First, social influence implies that low-income households are upward-comparing, they contrast themselves with high-income households whom they believe are better-off. Because higher-income households purchase national brands, upward-comparisons lead to a preference for national brands. Second, low income households are unknowledgeable about private label advancements hence they prefer national brands.
ContributorsPasirayi, Simbarashe (Author) / Richards, Timothy J. (Thesis advisor) / Morales, Andrea (Committee member) / Grebitus, Carola (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description随着信息通信技术在金融科技领域中得到广泛应用，传统金融机构依靠互联网技术极大的提升了自己的金融服务能力和金融服务效率。但与此同时，作为一个新兴业态，与互联网金融服务配套的法律制度和保障措施还未完善，特别是互联网借贷业务，贷前的风控系统不完善，同时还缺乏贷后管理机制，造成了网络贷款平台不断出现爆雷现象。仅2018年7月一个月内就有200多家平台出现问题，而到2020年底为止，出现问题的在线借贷平台高达80%。为了更好的保障在线借贷平台和互联网金融行业的健康发展，亟需完善个人征信体系建设，科学评估借款人违约风险。为了解决这一问题，本文首先对现有研究进行了理论梳理，找到可能对违约风险产生影响的因素，并总结为个人特征、社交网络特征、金融特征等三方面的因素。在这之后，从社交网络特征对违约风险进行了深入分析。其次，利用大数据分析方法，构建了随机森林信用评价模型。最后，文章还通过与不同数据集上的相同模型、相同数据集上的不同模型进行对比，对本文构建模型的有效性进行了评估。
研究结论表明：（1）用户的社交网络特征对用户违约风险、欺诈等级具有一定的解释力度，其中用户通话类社交特征对用户欺诈等级的识别效果最好，其次为风险等级，违约标签的识别效果最差，而且用户的地域特征对社交网络特征有显著的调节作用。（2）通过随机森林模型，本文发现年龄、贷款金额是影响客户违约风险和欺诈等级的最重要的因素。（3）比较多元回归模型和随机森林模型，随机森林模型对样本用户特征重要性探索的准确度要高于多元回归模型。
根据上述结论，本文提出了相应了建议：（1）在线借贷平台在判断用户违约风险时，应该在现有的分析框架中考虑用户社交特征来提升用户风险预测精度；（2）信贷公司应该将随机森林等方法纳入到用户是否违约、风险等级和欺诈等级的预测中，这样会显著的提升公司对用户违约、欺诈等级的预测精度。
ContributorsHan, Wei (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Hu, Jie (Thesis advisor) / Zheng, Zhiqiang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description中小微企业是社会与经济的基本盘，它们面临的贷款融资难是全世界各国家都长期存在的世界难题，已经成了影响中小微企业经营发展的重要问题。以往的学术研究都指出了融资难的根本影响因素，那就是信息不对称，但是以往的专家学者通常是基于理性经济人的假设前提来开展进一步的影响因素研究，本论文尝试从行为金融学的视角来研究中小微企业融资难问题，研究分析贷款过程中的非理性行为因素，为提升小微贷款可获得性寻求新的思路和解决方法。以中小企业融资理论、信息不对称理论和行为金融理论为基础，结合上市银行的披露数据和问卷调查开展实证研究分析，发现企业和银行在中小微贷款融资过程中都存在非理性行为，产生心理授权效应、锚定效应和确定效应，对小微贷款可得性产生显著影响。
建议通过强化企业信用信息开放共享、提升信息披露、加强政策引导、坚持发挥中小银行对小微企业的服务优势、鼓励银行发展金融科技优化提升服务等多种方式，进一步提升小微贷款可得性，缓解中小微企业融资难问题。
ContributorsDeng, Bo (Author) / Huang, Xiaochuan (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Thesis advisor) / Zheng, Zhiqiang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
As an alternative to the traditional public transportation system, (urban) rail transit has many advantages such as large capacity, fast speed, tight schedule, safety and comfort, and punctuality, , and has gradually become a top choice of many cities in countering environmental pollution and optimizing traffic quality. At the same time, we must also see that huge amounts of capital are required for the construction of rail transit. The traditional reliance on government investment clearly has its own limitations. The investment not only has a long cost-recovery cycle and a low rate of return, but also hardly attracts investments from the private sector. Therefore, when the government vigorously promotes the construction of a rail transit system, it is generally faced with problems such as a large funding gap and an overall financial loss. Therefore, how to establish a reasonable and efficient mode of investment and financing and further broaden the financing channels for rail transit projects is of great practical significance for improving the profitability of rail transit enterprises and realizing the sustainable development of rail transit. This thesis attempts to study the issue, in general, and further exmines a detailed case study of metro rail transit in a Chinsese city (city A), in particular.
The thesis first studies the concept and attributes of urban rail transit, and analyzes four modes and corresponding cases of urban rail transit investment and financing., It then discusses the characteristics of investment and financing of urban rail transit projects and the concept of investment and financing. Moreover, this thesis focuses on the current situation, characteristics and challenges of city A’s rail transit construction,. More specifically, it takes an in-depth look at the financial planning, investment and financing planning and the investment and financing channels products. The study innovatively puts forward three models, namely, PPP, TOD, ABS of rail transit investment and financing products. Based on the AHP decision-making method, the study shows PPP as the optimal integrated choice for city A. Finally, based on the core issues of the domestic urban rail transit project investment and financing, this thesis analyzes the rationality of the PPP model thoroughly and comes up with some managerial and policy suggestions on how to further optimize the investment and financing of the urban rail transit construction from the perspectives of the government management and the rail transit enterprises
The thesis first studies the concept and attributes of urban rail transit, and analyzes four modes and corresponding cases of urban rail transit investment and financing., It then discusses the characteristics of investment and financing of urban rail transit projects and the concept of investment and financing. Moreover, this thesis focuses on the current situation, characteristics and challenges of city A’s rail transit construction,. More specifically, it takes an in-depth look at the financial planning, investment and financing planning and the investment and financing channels products. The study innovatively puts forward three models, namely, PPP, TOD, ABS of rail transit investment and financing products. Based on the AHP decision-making method, the study shows PPP as the optimal integrated choice for city A. Finally, based on the core issues of the domestic urban rail transit project investment and financing, this thesis analyzes the rationality of the PPP model thoroughly and comes up with some managerial and policy suggestions on how to further optimize the investment and financing of the urban rail transit construction from the perspectives of the government management and the rail transit enterprises
ContributorsHu, Huihua (Author) / Gu, Bin (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Anmin (Thesis advisor) / Zheng, Zhiqiang (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2018