Matching Items (3)
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- All Subjects: Flexible Electronics
- Genre: Doctoral Dissertation
- Creators: Goryll, Michael
- Status: Published
Description
This work explores how flexible electronics and display technology can be applied to develop new biomedical devices for medical, biological, and life science applications. It demonstrates how new biomedical devices can be manufactured by only modifying or personalizing the upper layers of a conventional thin film transistor (TFT) display process. This personalization was applied first to develop and demonstrate the world's largest flexible digital x-ray detector for medical and industrial imaging, and the world's first flexible ISFET pH biosensor using TFT technology. These new, flexible, digital x-ray detectors are more durable than conventional glass substrate x-ray detectors, and also can conform to the surface of the object being imaged. The new flexible ISFET pH biosensors are >10X less expensive to manufacture than comparable CMOS-based ISFETs and provide a sensing area that is orders of magnitude larger than CMOS-based ISFETs. This allows for easier integration with area intensive chemical and biological recognition material as well as allow for a larger number of unique recognition sites for low cost multiple disease and pathogen detection.
The flexible x-ray detector technology was then extended to demonstrate the viability of a new technique to seamlessly combine multiple smaller flexible x-ray detectors into a single very large, ultimately human sized, composite x-ray detector for new medical imaging applications such as single-exposure, low-dose, full-body digital radiography. Also explored, is a new approach to increase the sensitivity of digital x-ray detectors by selectively disabling rows in the active matrix array that are not part of the imaged region. It was then shown how high-resolution, flexible, organic light-emitting diode display (OLED) technology can be used to selectively stimulate and/or silence small groups of neurons on the cortical surface or within the deep brain as a potential new tool to diagnose and treat, as well as understand, neurological diseases and conditions. This work also explored the viability of a new miniaturized high sensitivity fluorescence measurement-based lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor using OLED display and a-Si:H PiN photodiode active matrix array technology for point-of-care diagnosis of multiple disease or pathogen biomarkers in a low cost disposable configuration.
The flexible x-ray detector technology was then extended to demonstrate the viability of a new technique to seamlessly combine multiple smaller flexible x-ray detectors into a single very large, ultimately human sized, composite x-ray detector for new medical imaging applications such as single-exposure, low-dose, full-body digital radiography. Also explored, is a new approach to increase the sensitivity of digital x-ray detectors by selectively disabling rows in the active matrix array that are not part of the imaged region. It was then shown how high-resolution, flexible, organic light-emitting diode display (OLED) technology can be used to selectively stimulate and/or silence small groups of neurons on the cortical surface or within the deep brain as a potential new tool to diagnose and treat, as well as understand, neurological diseases and conditions. This work also explored the viability of a new miniaturized high sensitivity fluorescence measurement-based lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor using OLED display and a-Si:H PiN photodiode active matrix array technology for point-of-care diagnosis of multiple disease or pathogen biomarkers in a low cost disposable configuration.
ContributorsSmith, Joseph T. (Author) / Allee, David (Thesis advisor) / Goryll, Michael (Committee member) / Kozicki, Michael (Committee member) / Blain Christen, Jennifer (Committee member) / Couture, Aaron (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2014
Description
Neurological disorders are the leading cause of physical and cognitive declineglobally and affect nearly 15% of the current worldwide population. These disorders
include, but are not limited to, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease,
and multiple sclerosis. With the aging population, an increase in the prevalence of
neurodegenerative disorders is expected. Electrophysiological monitoring of neural
signals has been the gold standard for clinicians in diagnosing and treating neurological
disorders. However, advances in detection and stimulation techniques have paved the
way for relevant information not seen by standard procedures to be captured and
used in patient treatment. Amongst these advances have been improved analysis of
higher frequency activity and the increased concentration of alternative biomarkers,
specifically pH change, during states of increased neural activity. The design and
fabrication of devices with the ability to reliably interface with the brain on multiple
scales and modalities has been a significant challenge.
This dissertation introduces a novel, concentric, multi-scale micro-ECoG array
for neural applications specifically designed for seizure detection in epileptic patients.
This work investigates simultaneous detection and recording of adjacent neural tissue
using electrodes of different sizes during neural events. Signal fidelity from electrodes
of different sizes during in vivo experimentation are explored and analyzed to highlight
the advantages and disadvantages of using varying electrode sizes. Furthermore, the
novel multi-scale array was modified to perform multi-analyte detection experiments
of pH change and electrophysiological activity on the cortical surface during epileptic
events. This device highlights the ability to accurately monitor relevant information
from multiple electrode sizes and concurrently monitor multiple biomarkers during
clinical periods in one procedure that typically requires multiple surgeries.
ContributorsAkamine, Ian (Author) / Blain Christen, Jennifer (Thesis advisor) / Abbas, Jimmy (Committee member) / Muthuswamy, Jitendran (Committee member) / Goryll, Michael (Committee member) / Helms Tillery, Stephen (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
The recording of biosignals enables physicians to correctly diagnose diseases and prescribe treatment. Existing wireless systems failed to effectively replace the conventional wired methods due to their large sizes, high power consumption, and the need to replace batteries. This thesis aims to alleviate these issues by presenting a series of wireless fully-passive sensors for the acquisition of biosignals: including neuropotential, biopotential, intracranial pressure (ICP), in addition to a stimulator for the pacing of engineered cardiac cells. In contrast to existing wireless biosignal recording systems, the proposed wireless sensors do not contain batteries or high-power electronics such as amplifiers or digital circuitries. Instead, the RFID tag-like sensors utilize a unique radiofrequency (RF) backscattering mechanism to enable wireless and battery-free telemetry of biosignals with extremely low power consumption. This characteristic minimizes the risk of heat-induced tissue damage and avoids the need to use any transcranial/transcutaneous wires, and thus significantly enhances long-term safety and reliability. For neuropotential recording, a small (9mm x 8mm), biocompatible, and flexible wireless recorder is developed and verified by in vivo acquisition of two types of neural signals, the somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) and interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs). For wireless multichannel neural recording, a novel time-multiplexed multichannel recording method based on an inductor-capacitor delay circuit is presented and tested, realizing simultaneous wireless recording from 11 channels in a completely passive manner. For biopotential recording, a wearable and flexible wireless sensor is developed, achieving real-time wireless acquisition of ECG, EMG, and EOG signals. For ICP monitoring, a very small (5mm x 4mm) wireless ICP sensor is designed and verified both in vitro through a benchtop setup and in vivo through real-time ICP recording in rats. Finally, for cardiac cell stimulation, a flexible wireless passive stimulator, capable of delivering stimulation current as high as 60 mA, is developed, demonstrating successful control over the contraction of engineered cardiac cells. The studies conducted in this thesis provide information and guidance for future translation of wireless fully-passive telemetry methods into actual clinical application, especially in the field of implantable and wearable electronics.
ContributorsLiu, Shiyi (Author) / Christen, Jennifer (Thesis advisor) / Nikkhah, Mehdi (Committee member) / Phillips, Stephen (Committee member) / Cao, Yu (Committee member) / Goryll, Michael (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020