Matching Items (20)
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- All Subjects: Counseling psychology
- Creators: Randall, Ashley K
- Creators: Bernstein, Bianca L
- Member of: ASU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Description
This study examined the role of substance use in the relationship between the working alliance and outcome symptomatology. In this study, two groups of participants were formed: the at risk for substance abuse (ARSA) group consisted of participants who indicated 'almost always,' 'frequently,' 'sometimes,' or 'rarely' on either of two items on the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 (OQ-45.2) (i.e., the eye-opener item: "After heavy drinking, I need a drink the next morning to get going" and the annoyed item: "I feel annoyed by people who criticize my drinking (or drug use)"). The non-ARSA group consisted of participants who indicated 'never' on both of the eye-opener and annoyed screening items on the OQ-45.2. Data available from a counselor-training center for a client participant sample (n = 68) was used. As part of the usual counselor training center procedures, clients completed questionnaires after their weekly counseling session. The measures included the Working Alliance Inventory and the OQ-45.2. Results revealed no significant differences between the ARSA and non-ARSA groups in working alliance, total outcome symptomology, or in any of the three subscales of symptomatology. Working alliance was not found to be significant in predicting outcome symptomatology in this sample and no moderation effect of substance use on the relationship between working alliance and outcome symptomatology was found. This study was a start into the exploration of the role of substance use in the relationship between working alliance and outcome symptomatology in individual psychotherapy. Further research should be conducted to better understand substance use populations in individual psychotherapy.
ContributorsHachiya, Laura Y (Author) / Bernstein, Bianca (Thesis advisor) / Tran, Giac-Thao (Committee member) / Homer, Judith (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2013
Description
Amid the COVID-19 outbreak that were heightened in the United States between 2020 and 2021, reports of racial discrimination increased compared to year’s past for those who identify as Black, Indigenous, or Person of Color (BIPOC). Experiences of racial discrimination are stressful, and individuals in a romantic relationship may turn to their partner to receive support. However, in the context of interracial romantic relationships where one partner identifies as White, experiences of racial discrimination may be sometimes dismissed or minimized from the White partner, which may further the distress of their BIPOC partner. Nevertheless, supportive behaviors, such as empathy, may alleviate distress and validate one’s experience of racial discrimination. Relational savoring is an online intervention that has been theorized to increase empathy and perspective taking by focusing on positive relational memories associated with one’s partner, grounded in attachment theory. The purpose of this study was to examine whether relational savoring was effective in increasing empathy and perspective taking in a sample of White identified individuals who are in a romantic relationship with a BIPOC partner. This study collected data from 111 White identified individuals in an interracial romantic relationship with a BIPOC partner for an average of 8.9 years. It was hypothesized that White identified individuals who participated in a relational savoring task would report increased empathy and perspective taking when their partner experiences a racially discriminatory event via a vignette, compared to those in the control condition. Contrary to the study’s hypothesis, participation in the relational savoring task did not statistically change White participant’ ability to perspective take and report empathic concern when faced with their partner experiencing acts of racial microaggression. Results did, however, show that relational savoring, compared with a control condition, is effective in decreasing negative emotion after exposure to a vignette that depicts a racial microaggression.
ContributorsBorders, Jessica Ilana (Author) / Randall, Ashley K (Thesis advisor) / Bludworth, James (Committee member) / Dillon, Frank (Committee member) / Miramontes, Lilia (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
The purpose of this study was to understand more about how romantic couples negotiate forgiveness and reconciliation. To do so, this study used purposive sampling and recruited 21 couples (42 individuals) to independently complete diaries two times a week for four weeks. In addition to collecting information about the transgression and background related to the transgression, participants were asked to report their most recent conversations with their partner since their last diary. Analysis revealed that couples’ conversations were triggered in the following seven ways: Intentional repair, during other conversation, during other arguments, airing feelings, everyday interactions, potential for temptation or risk, and chronic behavior associated with violation. This interpretive analysis was also guided by negotiating morality theory. One of the central assumptions of negotiated morality theory is that forgiveness communication is an important site for relational partners to negotiate a shared sense of morality. Moreover, the details of couple’s diaries and conversations provide information that can be used to advance negotiated morality theory. Specifically, this analysis extends theory by 1) demonstrating that conceptualizing the moral functions of forgiving communication hierarchically, renaming constructs, and the addition of a new construct (honoring emotion) will improve its parsimony and explanatory power, 2) illustrating how couples engage in discussion-based forgiveness and reconciliation, and 3) empirically illustrating how defining moral standards and restoring relational justice are the two main moral functions of forgiving communication. Restoring relational justice consisted of the following subthemes: establishing accountability, atonement, honoring the self and other, honoring emotion, and increasing safety and certainty. Among the contributions this analysis makes is identifying and describing honoring emotion. In doing so, the subcategories of honoring emotion provide both heuristic and practical implications. Participants’ diaries provided insights about the range of emotions, the discomfort and difficulty of emotional conversations, and communicating emotions.
ContributorsKloeber, Dayna N (Author) / Adame, Elissa A (Thesis advisor) / Alberts, Jess K (Thesis advisor) / Randall, Ashley K (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
The current study examines responses of Latinx young adult’s (n=65) perceptions, as youth, of disruptions related to the divorce of their parents. To do this, a sample of Latinx young adults who experienced parental divorce during adolescence were asked to retrospectively assess their experiences surrounding their parents’ divorce and their adherence to Latinx cultural values, ethnic socialization, and ethnic identity. Findings indicated higher levels of parental divorce disruptions experienced by participants. Additionally, association between the perceived disruptions and adherence to Latinx cultural values varied across different domains of disruptions related to the divorce. Families also appeared to engage in ethnic socialization of the youth, as the divorce did not disrupt this process. Clinical implications encourage mental health professionals to provide culturally relevant care and opportunities for ethnic identity exploration for Latinx young adult clients who are from divorced households.
ContributorsCovarrubias, Leonard (Author) / Capielo Rosario, Cristalís (Thesis advisor) / Randall, Ashley (Committee member) / Truong, Nancy (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
Despite an increasing number of women completing doctoral programs each year, there remains a deficit in the representation of women in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Moreover, Women of Color (WoC) in STEM doctoral programs face unique stressors and barriers that their male colleagues may not, such as microaggressions, racism, and sexism due to their marginalized identities. Although there is a growing body of research focusing on how WoC in STEM successfully navigate academic challenges and symptoms of distress present in rigorous doctoral training, there is limited research examining intrapersonal (i.e., academic resilience) and interpersonal (i.e., perceived social support) factors that may mitigate the negative associations of these experiences. To address these gaps in the literature, the present study gathered data from 174 WoC during December 2021 and January 2022. Results supported the hypothesis that academic challenges would be positively associated with symptoms of distress. Furthermore, based on research showing positive associations between both academic resilience and social support and psychological well-being, the study also examined whether academic resilience and perceived social support from friends and romantic partners. While academic resilience was not found to moderate the association between academic challenges and symptoms of distress, perceived social support was found to have moderating effects, such that low and high levels of perceived social support increased the strength of the positive association between academic challenges and symptoms of distress. Results of the present study have implications for doctoral programs and mental health practitioners working at university college centers and support for need for the enhancement of the structure and process of the doctoral program experience for WoC in STEM.
ContributorsHopkins, Jessica (Author) / Randall, Ashley K (Thesis advisor) / Bekki, Jennifer (Committee member) / Truong, Nancy (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
Every year an alarming number of deaths for the Black community are a result of disparities and inequalities in health outcomes. While literature has largely focused on social determinants of heath (e.g., economic, environmental, biological, and behavioral structures) as contributing factors to disparate health outcomes for Black people, literature on medical mistrust has been on the rise. Medical mistrust is defined as the belief that health care entities and providers act against a patient's best interest and well-being, and is associated with lower rates of service utilization, inadequate management of health conditions, lower levels of involvement in research, and treatment nonadherence. Only recently has patient-centered care been examined as a construct that may reduce the negative effects of medical mistrust. This study examined Black identifying patients (N = 174) across gender and their reported levels of medical mistrust, and if the perception of a patient-centered health care environment would moderate the association. The findings indicated that Black females, compared to Black males, endorsed higher levels of medical mistrust that may be indicative of intersectional influences. While there were significant effects of gender and perceived patient-centered care on medical mistrust, perceived patient-centered care was not found to significantly moderate the relationship between gender identity and medical mistrust. This may be indicative of the varying degrees of medical maladies that may be stronger determinants of perceived patient-centered care, despite gender or other demographic characteristics. Implications for practice and future research on the intersectional influences on medical mistrust and perceived patient-centered care in the Black communities are discussed.
ContributorsMatthews, Tianna (Author) / Warner, Cheryl (Thesis advisor) / Randall, Ashley K (Committee member) / Dillon, Frank (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
Emerging adulthood (18 – 28 years) is a distinctive period in the life course whereyoung people are involved in the process of transitioning to adult roles in their careers
and social relationships. Due to the ongoing COVID- 19 pandemic, economic instability,
and other social factors, emerging adults in the United States are experiencing greater
stress and challenges than ever before. In this climate of high stress, personal
characteristics such as an individual’s propensity to endorse sociotropy (the tendency to
focus primarily on relationships) or autonomy (the tendency to focus primarily on the
self) may be associated with experiences of stress and resulting depressive feelings based
on the diathesis-stress model of depression proposed by Beck in 1967. However,
perceived partner’s dyadic coping may buffer against the positive association between
stress and depression. Despite this plausible link, not much is known about how personal
characteristics (here sociotropy and autonomy) of emerging adults may influence their
perceptions of their own as well as partner’s dyadic coping. To address this gap, the
present study used survey data from 269 emerging adults to examine whether personal
characteristics such as sociotropy and autonomy are associated with their perceptions of
dyadic coping and to examine if these associations are moderated by perceived
relationship commitment, given commitment has been found to increase relationship
maintenance behaviors. Results found that both sociotropy and autonomy were associated
positively with positive dyadic coping by self and negatively with negative dyadic coping
by partner. Relationship commitment partially moderated these associations. Results of
this study have the ability to inform therapy for emerging adults in romantic relationships
who may be experiencing higher stress, symptoms of depression, and those who may be
experiencing difficulties in their relationships. Limitations and future directions for
research are discussed
ContributorsGandhi, Yuvamathi (Author) / Randall, Ashley K (Thesis advisor) / Bludworth, Jamie (Committee member) / Warner, Cheryl (Committee member) / Iida, Masumi (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
Research examining the psychosocial correlates of mental and behavioral health among Latinx populations during the COVID-19 pandemic is limited. This is problematic given that Latinx communities in the U.S. find themselves at the intersection of worse COVID-19-related mortality, mental health distress, and health outcomes. These COVID-19 related disparities came at a time when U.S. Latinxs were already experiencing a disproportionate burden of mental health and substance use disease. Health disparities research has largely focused on Latinxs as a monolithic group, yet in doing so, the intersectionality of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status on health are overlooked. It is critical to understand the mental health needs of Latinxs in light of the current COVID-19 pandemic as well as the challenges and potential barriers to services experienced by these communities to better meet their unique needs. Therefore, Study 1 aimed to investigate differences on pandemic-related stressors along economic, emotional, and physical domains, psychological distress, and substance use, based on Latinx ethnicity. The second aim of Study 1 was to identify the most significant pandemic-related stressors and challenges faced by specific Latinx subgroups. Study 2 built off of the results from Study 1. Specifically, Study 2 investigated the association between pandemic-related economic, emotional, and physical stressors examined in Study 1 to various health and mental health outcomes including, psychological distress, alcohol use, and drug use, reported during the pandemic by different Latinx ethnic groups.
ContributorsFlorez, Jennifer Elizabeth (Author) / Capielo-Rosario, Cristalís (Thesis advisor) / Dillon, Frank (Committee member) / Truong, Nancy (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
Colonial mentality describes how oppressed groups internalize the colonial narratives that have dehumanized them and made them subject to extreme physical, economic, and psychological violence rooted in racism and White supremacy. Beyond lacerating individuals’ identities, colonial mentality could also function as a mechanism to create intragroup conflicts. This exploratory study investigated how colonial mentality manifests through fragmentation and horizontal oppression among 13 Puerto Rican adults living in the United States. To do this, I examined the differences between their perception of the self and their perceptions of other Puerto Ricans. A thematic analysis yielded three themes: (a) fragmentation, (b) horizontal oppression, and (c) cognitive dissonance. Each theme had several subthemes portraying participants’ perceived differences in what makes an exemplary Puerto Rican juxtaposed with undesirable portrayals of being Puerto Rican. Results also portrayed how colonial mentality’s insidiousness is associated with ruptures, antagonization, and reproduction of oppression at the intragroup level. Within the last theme, however, participants’ language and narratives conveyed resistance to colonial mentality and an oasis for hope when battling coloniality at the interpersonal and relational levels. Findings from this study help expand the understanding of how colonial trauma also has significant effects on Puerto Ricans’ intragroup dynamics.
ContributorsRamos Rosado, Génesis (Author) / Capielo Rosario, Cristalís (Thesis advisor) / Matsuno, Em (Committee member) / Truong, Nancy (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
Mental health stigma is a significant obstacle for those with mental health issues in and from the Middle East, defined as the countries of southwest Asia and North Africa including Afghanistan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Such stigma may be passed down generationally; primary caregivers born in the Middle East who immigrate to the United States may pass down their beliefs and opinions of mental health to their children born in the U.S. This study examined the association between perceived primary caregiver mental health stigma and Middle Eastern emerging adults’ intention to seek mental help, while also examining the possible moderating effect of peer social support on this association. It was hypothesized that social support would mitigate the proposed negative association between a primary caregiver’s mental health self-stigma and their emerging adult child’s intention to seek mental health services. Results showed no significant association between perceived primary caregiver mental health stigma and an emerging adult’s intention to seek help, and no significant moderating effect of social support. However, findings showed a negative association between emerging adults’ mental health self-stigma and their help-seeking intention, as well as a positive association between prior counseling and help-seeking intention. Future implications of this research include bringing awareness to and addressing self-stigma in the Middle Eastern community, as well as providing education and training to those in the mental health field who may work with this population.
ContributorsSaka, Selin (Author) / Ahn, Lydia (Thesis advisor) / Randall, Ashley K (Thesis advisor) / Updegraff, Kimberly (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024