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- Creators: Department of Physics
- Creators: Johnston, Stephen A.
- Creators: School of Life Sciences
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William Blake posits that without contraries, there will be no progress. The concepts of Heaven and Hell are originally used to represent the contrary of reason and energy, but it is also appropriate to represent Heaven and Hell in terms of order and entropy. This newly proposed contrary relies on the application of entropic brain theory, which states that normal, waking consciousness (secondary consciousness) has decreased entropy relative to primary consciousness. It is argued that Blake uses the concept of Hell to promote the use of psychedelics in order to progress human life by informing the surrounding world that the body limits human perception of the surroundings. This indirectly advocates for an increase in entropy in the brain because psychedelics induce a higher repertoire of functional connectivity motifs that allow for the dissolution of the “self” to help remove the doors of perception and reveal the infinite. Additionally, it is determined that Blake uses the contrary of entropy and order, which is representative of Hell and Heaven, to predict the impending wave of liberty/revolution (progress) in England.
We implemented the well-known Ising model in one dimension as a computer program and simulated its behavior with four algorithms: (i) the seminal Metropolis algorithm; (ii) the microcanonical algorithm described by Creutz in 1983; (iii) a variation on Creutz’s time-reversible algorithm allowing for bonds between spins to change dynamically; and (iv) a combination of the latter two algorithms in a manner reflecting the different timescales on which these two processes occur (“freezing” the bonds in place for part of the simulation). All variations on Creutz’s algorithm were symmetrical in time, and thus reversible. The first three algorithms all favored low-energy states of the spin lattice and generated the Boltzmann energy distribution after reaching thermal equilibrium, as expected, while the last algorithm broke from the Boltzmann distribution while the bonds were “frozen.” The interpretation of this result as a net increase to the system’s total entropy is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics, which leads to the relationship between maximum entropy and the Boltzmann distribution.
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