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- All Subjects: Songs (High voice) with piano
ContributorsWasbotten, Leia (Performer) / ASU Library. Music Library (Publisher)
Created2018-03-30
Description
Human breath is a concoction of thousands of compounds having in it a breath-print of physiological processes in the body. Though breath provides a non-invasive and easy to handle biological fluid, its analysis for clinical diagnosis is not very common. Partly the reason for this absence is unavailability of cost effective and convenient tools for such analysis. Scientific literature is full of novel sensor ideas but it is challenging to develop a working device, which are few. These challenges include trace level detection, presence of hundreds of interfering compounds, excessive humidity, different sampling regulations and personal variability. To meet these challenges as well as deliver a low cost solution, optical sensors based on specific colorimetric chemical reactions on mesoporous membranes have been developed. Sensor hardware utilizing cost effective and ubiquitously available light source (LED) and detector (webcam/photo diodes) has been developed and optimized for sensitive detection. Sample conditioning mouthpiece suitable for portable sensors is developed and integrated. The sensors are capable of communication with mobile phones realizing the idea of m-health for easy personal health monitoring in free living conditions. Nitric oxide and Acetone are chosen as analytes of interest. Nitric oxide levels in the breath correlate with lung inflammation which makes it useful for asthma management. Acetone levels increase during ketosis resulting from fat metabolism in the body. Monitoring breath acetone thus provides useful information to people with type1 diabetes, epileptic children on ketogenic diets and people following fitness plans for weight loss.
ContributorsPrabhakar, Amlendu (Author) / Tao, Nongjian (Thesis advisor) / Forzani, Erica (Committee member) / Lindsay, Stuart (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2013
Description
Libby Larsen is one of the most performed and acclaimed composers today. She is a spirited, compelling, and sensitive composer whose music enhances the poetry of America's most prominent authors. Notable among her works are song cycles for soprano based on the poetry of female writers, among them novelist and poet Willa Cather (1873-1947). Larsen has produced two song cycles on works from Cather's substantial output of fiction: one based on Cather's short story, "Eric Hermannson's Soul," titled Margaret Songs: Three Songs from Willa Cather (1996); and later, My Antonia (2000), based on Cather's novel of the same title. In Margaret Songs, Cather's poetry and short stories--specifically the character of Margaret Elliot--combine with Larsen's unique compositional style to create a surprising collaboration. This study explores how Larsen in these songs delves into the emotional and psychological depths of Margaret's character, not fully formed by Cather. It is only through Larsen's music and Cather's poetry that Margaret's journey through self-discovery and love become fully realized. This song cycle is a glimpse through the eyes of two prominent female artists on the societal pressures placed upon Margaret's character, many of which still resonate with women in today's culture. This study examines the work Margaret Songs by discussing Willa Cather, her musical influences, and the conditions surrounding the writing of "Eric Hermannson's Soul." It looks also into Cather's influence on Libby Larsen and the commission leading to Margaret Songs. Finally, a description of the musical, dramatic, and textual content of the songs completes this interpretation of the interactions of Willa Cather, Libby Larsen, and the character of Margaret Elliot.
ContributorsMcLain, Christi Marie (Author) / FitzPatrick, Carole (Thesis advisor) / Dreyfoos, Dale (Committee member) / Holbrook, Amy (Committee member) / Ryan, Russell (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2013
Discovering Puerto Rican art song: a research project on four art song works by Héctor Campos Parsi
Description
Puerto Rico has produced many important composers who have contributed to the musical culture of the nation during the last 200 years. However, a considerable amount of their music has proven to be difficult to access and may contain numerous errors. This research project intends to contribute to the accessibility of such music and to encourage similar studies of Puerto Rican music. This study focuses on the music of Héctor Campos Parsi (1922-1998), one of the most prominent composers of the 20th century in Puerto Rico. After an overview of the historical background of music on the island and the biography of the composer, four works from his art song repertoire are given for detailed examination. A product of this study is the first corrected edition of his cycles Canciones de Cielo y Agua, Tres Poemas de Corretjer, Los Paréntesis, and the song Majestad Negra. These compositions date from 1947 to 1959, and reflect both the European and nationalistic writing styles of the composer during this time. Data for these corrections have been obtained from the composer's manuscripts, published and unpublished editions, and published recordings. The corrected scores are ready for publication and a compact disc of this repertoire, performed by soprano Melliangee Pérez and the author, has been recorded to bring to life these revisions. Despite the best intentions of the author, the various copyright issues have yet to be resolved. It is hoped that this document will provide the foundation for a resolution and that these important works will be available for public performance and study in the near future.
ContributorsRodríguez Morales, Luis F., 1980- (Author) / Campbell, Andrew (Thesis advisor) / Buck, Elizabeth (Committee member) / Holbrook, Amy (Committee member) / Kopta, Anne (Committee member) / Ryan, Russell (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2013
ContributorsYi, Joyce (Performer) / ASU Library. Music Library (Publisher)
Created2018-03-22
Description
Spider dragline silk is an outstanding biopolymer with a strength that exceeds steel by weight and a toughness greater than high-performance fibers like Kevlar. For this reason, structural and dynamic studies on the spider silk are of great importance for developing future biomaterials. The spider dragline silk comprises two silk proteins, Major ampullate Spidroin 1 and 2 (MaSp1 and 2), which are synthesized and stored in the major ampullate (MA) gland of spiders. The initial state of the silk proteins within Black Widow MA glands was probed with solution-state NMR spectroscopy. The conformation dependent chemical shifts information indicates that the silk proteins are unstructured and in random coil conformation. 15N relaxation parameters, T1, T2 and 15N-{1H} steady-state NOE were measured to probe the backbone dynamics for MA silk proteins. These measurements indicate fast sub-nanosecond timescale backbone dynamics for the repetitive core of spider MA proteins indicating that the silk proteins are unfolded, highly flexible random coils in the MA gland. The translational diffusion coefficients of the spider silk proteins within the MA gland were measured using 1H diffusion NMR at 1H sites from different amino acids. A phenomenon was observed where the measured diffusion coefficients decrease with an increase in the diffusion delay used. The mean displacement along the external magnetic field was found to be 0.35 μm and independent of the diffusion delay. The results indicate that the diffusion of silk protein was restricted due to intermolecular cross-linking with only segmental diffusion observable.
To understand how a spider converts the unfolded protein spinning dope into a highly structured and oriented in the super fiber,the effect of acidification on spider silk assembly was investigated on native spidroins from the major ampullate (MA) gland fluid excised from Latrodectus hesperus (Black Widow) spiders. The in vitro spider silk assembly kinetics were monitored as a function of pH with a 13C solid-state Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR approach. The results confirm the importance of acidic pH in the spider silk self-assembly process with observation of a sigmoidal nucleation-elongation kinetic profile. The rates of nucleation and elongation and the percentage of β-sheet structure in the grown fibers depend on pH.
The secondary structure of the major ampullate silk from Peucetia viridians (Green Lynx) spiders was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. From XRD measurement, β-sheet nano-crystallites were observed that are highly oriented along the fiber axis with an orientational order of 0.980. Compare to the crystalline region, the amorphous region was found to be partially oriented with an orientational order of 0.887. Further, two dimensional 13C-13C through-space and through-bond solid-state NMR experiments provide structural analysis for the repetitive amino acid motifs in the silk proteins. The nano-crystallites are mainly alanine-rich β-sheet structures. The total percentage of crystalline region is determined to be 40.0±1.2 %. 18±1 % of alanine, 60±2 % glycine and 54±2 % serine are determined to be incorporated into helical conformations while 82±1 % of alanine, 40±3 % glycine and 46±2 % serine are in the β-sheet conformation.
To understand how a spider converts the unfolded protein spinning dope into a highly structured and oriented in the super fiber,the effect of acidification on spider silk assembly was investigated on native spidroins from the major ampullate (MA) gland fluid excised from Latrodectus hesperus (Black Widow) spiders. The in vitro spider silk assembly kinetics were monitored as a function of pH with a 13C solid-state Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) NMR approach. The results confirm the importance of acidic pH in the spider silk self-assembly process with observation of a sigmoidal nucleation-elongation kinetic profile. The rates of nucleation and elongation and the percentage of β-sheet structure in the grown fibers depend on pH.
The secondary structure of the major ampullate silk from Peucetia viridians (Green Lynx) spiders was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. From XRD measurement, β-sheet nano-crystallites were observed that are highly oriented along the fiber axis with an orientational order of 0.980. Compare to the crystalline region, the amorphous region was found to be partially oriented with an orientational order of 0.887. Further, two dimensional 13C-13C through-space and through-bond solid-state NMR experiments provide structural analysis for the repetitive amino acid motifs in the silk proteins. The nano-crystallites are mainly alanine-rich β-sheet structures. The total percentage of crystalline region is determined to be 40.0±1.2 %. 18±1 % of alanine, 60±2 % glycine and 54±2 % serine are determined to be incorporated into helical conformations while 82±1 % of alanine, 40±3 % glycine and 46±2 % serine are in the β-sheet conformation.
ContributorsXu, Dian (Author) / Yarger, Jeffery L (Thesis advisor) / Holland, Gregory P (Thesis advisor) / Wang, Xu (Committee member) / Liu, Yan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2015
Description
Carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) present a unique opportunity for learning about the earliest organic chemistry that took place in our Solar System. The complex and diverse suite of meteoritic organic material is the result of multiple settings and physicochemical processes, including aqueous and thermal alteration. Though meteorites often inform origin-of-life discussions because they could have seeded early Earth with significant amounts of water and pre-biotic, organic material, their record of abiotic, aqueous, and organic geochemistry is of interest as well.
CC materials previously resided on asteroidal parent bodies, relic planetesimals of Solar System formation which never accreted enough material to develop long-lived, large-scale geological processes. These bodies were large enough, however, to experience some degree of heating due to the decay of radiogenic isotopes, and the meteorite record suggests the existence of 100-150 parent bodies which experienced varying degrees of thermal and aqueous alteration for the first several 10 Myr of Solar System history.
The first chapter of this dissertation reviews literature addressing aqueous alteration as an essential participant in parent body geochemistry, organic synthesis, or both (though papers which address both are rare). The second chapter is a published organic analysis of the soluble organic material of Bells, an unclassified type 2 chondrite. Analytical approaches to assess terrestrial contamination of meteorite samples are also reviewed in the first chapter to allow introduction in chapter 3 of kinetic modeling which rules out certain cases of contamination and constrains the timing of thermal and aqueous alteration. This is the first known application of isoleucine epimerization for either of these purposes. Chapter 4 is a kinetic study of D-allo-isoleucine epimerization to establish its behavior in systems with large, relative abundances of alloisoleucine to isoleucine. Previous epimerization studies for paleontological or geological purposes began with L-isoleucine, the only protein amino acid of the four isoleucine stereoisomers.
Kinetic model calculations using isoleucine stereoisomer abundances from 7 CR chondrites constrain the total duration of the amino acids' residence in the aqueous phase. The comparatively short timescales produced by the presented modeling elicit hypotheses for protection or transport of the amino acids within the CR parent body.
CC materials previously resided on asteroidal parent bodies, relic planetesimals of Solar System formation which never accreted enough material to develop long-lived, large-scale geological processes. These bodies were large enough, however, to experience some degree of heating due to the decay of radiogenic isotopes, and the meteorite record suggests the existence of 100-150 parent bodies which experienced varying degrees of thermal and aqueous alteration for the first several 10 Myr of Solar System history.
The first chapter of this dissertation reviews literature addressing aqueous alteration as an essential participant in parent body geochemistry, organic synthesis, or both (though papers which address both are rare). The second chapter is a published organic analysis of the soluble organic material of Bells, an unclassified type 2 chondrite. Analytical approaches to assess terrestrial contamination of meteorite samples are also reviewed in the first chapter to allow introduction in chapter 3 of kinetic modeling which rules out certain cases of contamination and constrains the timing of thermal and aqueous alteration. This is the first known application of isoleucine epimerization for either of these purposes. Chapter 4 is a kinetic study of D-allo-isoleucine epimerization to establish its behavior in systems with large, relative abundances of alloisoleucine to isoleucine. Previous epimerization studies for paleontological or geological purposes began with L-isoleucine, the only protein amino acid of the four isoleucine stereoisomers.
Kinetic model calculations using isoleucine stereoisomer abundances from 7 CR chondrites constrain the total duration of the amino acids' residence in the aqueous phase. The comparatively short timescales produced by the presented modeling elicit hypotheses for protection or transport of the amino acids within the CR parent body.
ContributorsMonroe, Adam Alexander (Author) / Pizzarello, Sandra (Thesis advisor) / Williams, Peter (Thesis advisor) / Anbar, Ariel D (Committee member) / Shock, Everett L (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2014
Description
In an effort to begin validating the large number of discovered candidate biomarkers, proteomics is beginning to shift from shotgun proteomic experiments towards targeted proteomic approaches that provide solutions to automation and economic concerns. Such approaches to validate biomarkers necessitate the mass spectrometric analysis of hundreds to thousands of human samples. As this takes place, a serendipitous opportunity has become evident. By the virtue that as one narrows the focus towards "single" protein targets (instead of entire proteomes) using pan-antibody-based enrichment techniques, a discovery science has emerged, so to speak. This is due to the largely unknown context in which "single" proteins exist in blood (i.e. polymorphisms, transcript variants, and posttranslational modifications) and hence, targeted proteomics has applications for established biomarkers. Furthermore, besides protein heterogeneity accounting for interferences with conventional immunometric platforms, it is becoming evident that this formerly hidden dimension of structural information also contains rich-pathobiological information. Consequently, targeted proteomics studies that aim to ascertain a protein's genuine presentation within disease- stratified populations and serve as a stepping-stone within a biomarker translational pipeline are of clinical interest. Roughly 128 million Americans are pre-diabetic, diabetic, and/or have kidney disease and public and private spending for treating these diseases is in the hundreds of billions of dollars. In an effort to create new solutions for the early detection and management of these conditions, described herein is the design, development, and translation of mass spectrometric immunoassays targeted towards diabetes and kidney disease. Population proteomics experiments were performed for the following clinically relevant proteins: insulin, C-peptide, RANTES, and parathyroid hormone. At least thirty-eight protein isoforms were detected. Besides the numerous disease correlations confronted within the disease-stratified cohorts, certain isoforms also appeared to be causally related to the underlying pathophysiology and/or have therapeutic implications. Technical advancements include multiplexed isoform quantification as well a "dual- extraction" methodology for eliminating non-specific proteins while simultaneously validating isoforms. Industrial efforts towards widespread clinical adoption are also described. Consequently, this work lays a foundation for the translation of mass spectrometric immunoassays into the clinical arena and simultaneously presents the most recent advancements concerning the mass spectrometric immunoassay approach.
ContributorsOran, Paul (Author) / Nelson, Randall (Thesis advisor) / Hayes, Mark (Thesis advisor) / Ros, Alexandra (Committee member) / Williams, Peter (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2011
Description
Obtaining local electrochemical (EC) information is extremely important for understanding basic surface reactions, and for many applications. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) can obtain local EC information by scanning a microelectrode across the surface. Although powerful, SECM is slow, the scanning microelectrode may perturb reaction and the measured signal decreases with the size of microelectrode. This thesis demonstrates a new imaging technique based on a principle that is completely different from the conventional EC detection technologies. The technique, referred to as plasmonic-based electrochemical imaging (PECI), images local EC current (both faradaic and non-faradaic) without using a scanning microelectrode. Because PECI response is an optical signal originated from surface plasmon resonance (SPR), PECI is fast and non-invasive and its signal is proportional to incident light intensity, thus does not decrease with the area of interest. A complete theory is developed in this thesis work to describe the relationship between EC current and PECI signal. EC current imaging at various fixed potentials and local cyclic voltammetry methods are developed and demonstrated with real samples. Fast imaging rate (up to 100,000 frames per second) with 0.2×3µm spatial resolution and 0.3 pA detection limit have been achieved. Several PECI applications have been developed to demonstrate the unique strengths of the new imaging technology. For example, trace particles in fingerprint is detected by PECI, a capability that cannot be achieved with the conventional EC technologies. Another example is PECI imaging of EC reaction and interfacial impedance of graphene of different thicknesses. In addition, local square wave voltammetry capability is demonstrated and applied to study local catalytic current of platinum nanoparticle microarray. This thesis also describes a related but different research project that develops a new method to measure surface charge densities of SPR sensor chips, and micro- and nano-particles. A third project of this thesis is to develop a method to expand the conventional SPR detection and imaging technology by including a waveguide mode. This innovation creates a sensitive detection of bulk index of refraction, which overcomes the limitation that the conventional SPR can probe only changes near the sensor surface within ~200 nm.
ContributorsShan, Xiaonan (Author) / Tao, Nongjian (Thesis advisor) / Chae, Junseok (Committee member) / Christen, Jennifer Blain (Committee member) / Hayes, Mark (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2011
Description
Mass spectrometric analysis requires that atoms from the sample be ionized in the gas phase. Secondary ion mass spectrometry achieves this by sputtering samples with an energetic primary ion beam. Several investigations of the sputtering and ionization process have been conducted. Oxygen is commonly used in secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to increase ion yields, but also can complicate the interpretation of SIMS analyses. An 18O implant in silicon has been used to quantify the oxygen concentration at the surface of sputtered silicon in order to study the dependence on oxygen of several sputtering and depth profile phenomena. The ion yield dependence of trace elements in silicon on the surface oxygen concentration is a function of the ionization potential of the element. The ion yield is high and unaffected by oxygen for elements with low ionization potential and ranges over several orders of magnitude for elements with high ionization potential. Depth resolution in sputter profiles has been shown to be degraded by the presence of oxygen, the mechanism of this effect has been investigated using an 18O implant to quantify oxygen levels and it is shown that the process does not appear to be a consequence of surface oxide formation. Molecular ions are a source of mass interference in SIMS analysis, and multiply charged atomic ion signals might be interference-free due to the possible instability of multiply-charged molecular ions. Sputtered SiH2+, AlH2+, BeH2+, Mo22+ and Mg22+ ions have been observed and appear surprisingly stable. The formation mechanism of some of these species has been explored.
ContributorsSobers, Richard Carlisle, Jr (Author) / Williams, Peter (Thesis advisor) / Hayes, Mark (Committee member) / Petuskey, William (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2012