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- All Subjects: Astrophysics
- All Subjects: Particle Physics
- Creators: Department of Physics
- Member of: Theses and Dissertations
- Resource Type: Text
- Status: Published
variation of α as observed through the white dwarf spectrum. This thesis presents 129 revised Fe V wavelengths (1200 Å to 1600 Å) and 161 revised Ni V wavelengths (1200 Å to 1400 Å) with uncertainties of approximately 3 mÅ. A systematic calibration error
is identified in the previous Ni V wavelengths and is corrected in this work. The evaluation of the fine structure variation is significantly improved with the results
found in this thesis.
Despite being bound by the strong force, bottomonium exhibits a rich spectrum of resonances corresponding to excited states extremely analogous to that of positronium or even familiar atomic systems. Transitions between these levels are possible via the absorption or emission of either a photon, gluon, or gluons manifesting as light hadrons. The goal of this thesis was to establish a theoretical value for the currently unmeasured partial decay width for one such transition—the electromagnetic decay channel hb -> etab gamma. To this end, two methods were utilized.
The first approach relied on the presumption of a nonrelativistic constituent quark model interacting via a simple static potential, allowing for radial wave functions and energy eigenvalues to be obtained for the states of interest via the Schrödinger equation. Upon an application of the standard electromagnetic multipole expansion followed by a utilization of the electric dipole E1 decay width formula, a value of 57.7 ± 0.4 keV was obtained.
The second approach stemmed from the effective Lagrangian describing the bottomonium P to S electromagnetic transitions and relied on the presumption that a single coupling constant could be approximated as describing all nP to mS transitions regardless of spin. A value for this coupling constant could then be extracted from the 1P to 1S spin triplet data and used to predict the width for the singlet 1P to 1S transition. The partial decay width value found in this manner was 47.8 ± 2.0 keV.
Various other methods and models have established a predicted range of 35 to 60 keV for this partial decay width. As the values determined in this thesis fall within the expected range, they agree well with our current understanding of this electromagnetic transition and place further confidence on the expected range.
The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of entanglement and the particular problems it poses for some physicists. In addition to looking at the history of entanglement and non-locality, this paper will use the Bell Test as a means for demonstrating how entanglement works, which measures the behavior of electrons whose combined internal angular momentum is zero. This paper will go over Dr. Bell's famous inequality, which shows why the process of entanglement cannot be explained by traditional means of local processes. Entanglement will be viewed initially through the Copenhagen Interpretation, but this paper will also look at two particular models of quantum mechanics, de-Broglie Bohm theory and Everett's Many-Worlds Interpretation, and observe how they explain the behavior of spin and entangled particles compared to the Copenhagen Interpretation.