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The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Assisted Cycling Therapy (ACT) on depression in older adults with Down Syndrome (DS). We predicted that older adults with Down Syndrome would see an improvement in their depressive symptoms after ACT and Voluntary Cycling (VC). However, we predicted there

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Assisted Cycling Therapy (ACT) on depression in older adults with Down Syndrome (DS). We predicted that older adults with Down Syndrome would see an improvement in their depressive symptoms after ACT and Voluntary Cycling (VC). However, we predicted there would be a greater improvement in depressive symptoms after ACT in comparison to VC. Depression was measured using a modified version of the Children's Depression Inventory 2 (CDI 2) due to the low mental age of our participant population. Twenty-one older adults with DS were randomly assigned to one of three interventions, which took place over an eight-week period of time. Eleven older adults with DS completed the ACT intervention, which is stationary cycling on a recumbent bicycle with the assistance of a motor to maintain a cadence at least 35% greater than the rate of voluntary cycling. Nine participants completed the voluntary cycling intervention, where they cycled at a cadence of their choosing. One participant composed our no cycling control group. No intervention group reached results that achieved a conventional level of significance. However, there was a trend for depression to increase after 8 weeks throughout all three intervention groups. We did see a slightly slower regression of depression in the ACT group than the VC and control. Our results were discussed with respect to social and cognitive factors relevant to older adults with DS and the subjective nature of the CDI2. This study brings attention to the lack of accurate measures and standardized research methods created for populations with intellectual disabilities in regards to research.
ContributorsBeaman, Emily Kiernan (Author) / Ringenbach, Shannon (Thesis director) / Bosch, Pamela (Committee member) / Department of Management and Entrepreneurship (Contributor) / School of Nutrition and Health Promotion (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2018-05
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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Assisted Cycle Therapy (ACT) on self-efficacy and exercise perception in older adults with Down syndrome (DS) after a three times a week for 8 weeks intervention. Thirteen participants were in the ACT group in which a motor assisted their

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Assisted Cycle Therapy (ACT) on self-efficacy and exercise perception in older adults with Down syndrome (DS) after a three times a week for 8 weeks intervention. Thirteen participants were in the ACT group in which a motor assisted their cycling to be performed at least 30% faster than voluntary cycling (VC), 11 participants were in the voluntary cycling group and two participants were in the no cycling (NC) group. The results showed that both exercise groups (i.e., ACT and VC) improved in their self-efficacy after the 8 week intervention. In addition, exercise perception improved following ACT and not VC or NC. Our results are discussed with respect to their future implications for exercise in the DS population. It might be that the yielded results were due to differences in effort required by each intervention group as well as the neurotrophic factors that occur when muscle contractions create synaptic connections resulting in improvement in cognition and feelings of satisfaction. In the future, research should focus on the psychological factors such as social accountability and peer interaction as they relate to ACT and physical activity in person's with DS.
ContributorsTucker, Kori Ann (Author) / Ringenbach, Shannon (Thesis director) / Arnold, Nathaniel (Committee member) / Holzapfel, Simon (Committee member) / School of Nutrition and Health Promotion (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2018-05
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Description
This study examines the effectiveness of two modes of exercise on self-efficacy (SE) and exercise perception (EP) in adults with Down syndrome (DS). Thirteen participants attended four sessions: a baseline assessment, an Assisted Cycling Therapy (ACT) session, a resistance training (RT) session, and a session of no training (NT). In

This study examines the effectiveness of two modes of exercise on self-efficacy (SE) and exercise perception (EP) in adults with Down syndrome (DS). Thirteen participants attended four sessions: a baseline assessment, an Assisted Cycling Therapy (ACT) session, a resistance training (RT) session, and a session of no training (NT). In the baseline assessment, 1-repetition max (1RM) measurements and voluntary pedal rate measurements were taken. In the cycling intervention, the participant completed 30 minutes of assisted cycling at 35 percent greater than their voluntary pedaling rate. In the resistance training session, 2 sets of 8-12 repetitions of the leg press, chest press, seated row, leg curl, shoulder press, and latissimus pulldown were performed. During the session of no training, participants played board games with student researchers for 35 minutes.Two subsets of the Physical Activity and Self Efficacy Survey were administered prior to each session (i.e., pretest) and after the intervention (i.e., post-test). The results were consistent with the hypothesis that ACT would lead to higher SE than RT or NT. However, ACT did not lead to higher EP than RT or NT as hypothesized. Additionally, it was hypothesized that RT would lead to higher SE and EP than NT, but the results did not support this. In conclusion, an acute session of ACT demonstrated a significant trend for improved self-efficacy in adults with DS.
ContributorsOberbillig, Nicole (Author) / Ringenbach, Shannon (Thesis director) / Ofori, Edward (Committee member) / School of International Letters and Cultures (Contributor) / College of Health Solutions (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2020-05
Description
This paper studies how the COVID-19 global pandemic influenced a new generation of investors into the stock market. The paper will take a look at the state of the financial markets and its participants before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and after the pandemic. It is important to note that

This paper studies how the COVID-19 global pandemic influenced a new generation of investors into the stock market. The paper will take a look at the state of the financial markets and its participants before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and after the pandemic. It is important to note that as of this paper, the COVID-19 pandemic is far from being over—these conclusions and recommendations are based on the current trends within the financial market. The research concludes that the younger participants that joined the market were more risk tolerant, traded in large quantities with little money, and found many of their trading strategies on social media platforms. Further research also suggests that market sentiments were highly correlated with price differences in stocks and other securities. Along with a categorization for the new investors in the market, this paper will take a look at how the new participants have affected more traditional experienced investors that were in the stock market well before the pandemic, and their ability to give and take investment advice from the new generation. Key words: COVID-19 pandemic, risk average, pandemic investors, market sentiments
ContributorsRandeniya, Rushini (Author) / Bonadurer, Werner (Thesis director) / Jordan, Erin (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Department of Management and Entrepreneurship (Contributor) / Department of Finance (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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Description

This paper studies how the COVID-19 global pandemic influenced a new generation of investors into the stock market. The paper will take a look at the state of the financial markets and its participants before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and after the pandemic. It is important to note that

This paper studies how the COVID-19 global pandemic influenced a new generation of investors into the stock market. The paper will take a look at the state of the financial markets and its participants before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and after the pandemic. It is important to note that as of this paper, the COVID-19 pandemic is far from being over—these conclusions and recommendations are based on the current trends within the financial market. The research concludes that the younger participants that joined the market were more risk tolerant, traded in large quantities with little money, and found many of their trading strategies on social media platforms. Further research also suggests that market sentiments were highly correlated with price differences in stocks and other securities. Along with a categorization for the new investors in the market, this paper will take a look at how the new participants have affected more traditional experienced investors that were in the stock market well before the pandemic, and their ability to give and take investment advice from the new generation. Key words: COVID-19 pandemic, risk average, pandemic investors, market sentiments

ContributorsRandeniya, Rushini (Author) / Bonadurer, Werner (Thesis director) / Jordan, Erin (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Department of Management and Entrepreneurship (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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Description

This paper studies how the COVID-19 global pandemic influenced a new generation of investors into the stock market. The paper will take a look at the state of the financial markets and its participants before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and after the pandemic. It is important to note that

This paper studies how the COVID-19 global pandemic influenced a new generation of investors into the stock market. The paper will take a look at the state of the financial markets and its participants before the pandemic, during the pandemic, and after the pandemic. It is important to note that as of this paper, the COVID-19 pandemic is far from being over—these conclusions and recommendations are based on the current trends within the financial market. The research concludes that the younger participants that joined the market were more risk tolerant, traded in large quantities with little money, and found many of their trading strategies on social media platforms. Further research also suggests that market sentiments were highly correlated with price differences in stocks and other securities. Along with a categorization for the new investors in the market, this paper will take a look at how the new participants have affected more traditional experienced investors that were in the stock market well before the pandemic, and their ability to give and take investment advice from the new generation. Key words: COVID-19 pandemic, risk average, pandemic investors, market sentiments

ContributorsRandeniya, Rushini (Author) / Bonadurer, Werner (Thesis director) / Jordan, Erin (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Department of Management and Entrepreneurship (Contributor)
Created2022-05
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Description

From December 2019 to December 2020, I served as the chapter president of the Chi Omega Psi Epsilon Chapter at Arizona State University. Although my experiences as president sharpened my leadership abilities and provided me with skills I will take into my future career, the emotional baggage caused by the

From December 2019 to December 2020, I served as the chapter president of the Chi Omega Psi Epsilon Chapter at Arizona State University. Although my experiences as president sharpened my leadership abilities and provided me with skills I will take into my future career, the emotional baggage caused by the experience was scarring. I found myself carrying it with me after my term ended, allowing my negative emotions to highly affect my post-leadership experience. In conducting this project, it was my goal to determine if other student leaders had similar experiences to mine, and if so, come up with recommendations on how to improve support processes to ensure that student leaders are able to enjoy their terms as much as possible. From my research, it is evident that expectations and responsibilities put on student leaders are taking away from the positives that spring from leadership experiences. In interviewing 18 student leaders from multiple organizations across six universities around the country, it became evident that students’ positions were highly affecting their mental health and feelings towards the organization and university while in the leadership role and after their terms. I created three recommendations with the hope that this project will start the conversation around the topic of student leadership support, eventually inspiring change that will allow future student leaders to have a better experience than both myself and my peers had. These recommendations include creating an outlet/platform where past and current student leaders can talk about their experiences, creating an avenue for organization advisors to connect with the majority of members rather than having them solely in contact with the leaders, and streamlining university communications to both students, leaders, and advisors. By doing these three things, student leaders will have a better support network, allowing them to fully experience, learn from, and enjoy their time as an executive board member of their organization.

ContributorsWeissman, Taylor (Author) / Byrne, Jared (Thesis director) / Pitman, Julia (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Department of Management and Entrepreneurship (Contributor) / Dean, W.P. Carey School of Business (Contributor) / Department of Marketing (Contributor)
Created2022-05