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- Creators: Barrett, The Honors College
- Creators: Bergstrom, Carl T.
Description
Science is a formalized method for acquiring information about the world. In
recent years, the ability of science to do so has been scrutinized. Attempts to reproduce
findings in diverse fields demonstrate that many results are unreliable and do not
generalize across contexts. In response to these concerns, many proposals for reform have
emerged. Although promising, such reforms have not addressed all aspects of scientific
practice. In the social sciences, two such aspects are the diversity of study participants
and incentive structures. Most efforts to improve scientific practice focus on replicability,
but sidestep issues of generalizability. And while researchers have speculated about the
effects of incentive structures, there is little systematic study of these hypotheses. This
dissertation takes one step towards filling these gaps. Chapter 1 presents a cross-cultural
study of social discounting – the purportedly fundamental human tendency to sacrifice
more for socially-close individuals – conducted among three diverse populations (U.S.,
rural Indonesia, rural Bangladesh). This study finds no independent effect of social
distance on generosity among Indonesian and Bangladeshi participants, providing
evidence against the hypothesis that social discounting is universal. It also illustrates the
importance of studying diverse human populations for developing generalizable theories
of human nature. Chapter 2 presents a laboratory experiment with undergraduates to test
the effect of incentive structures on research accuracy, in an instantiation of the scientific
process where the key decision is how much data to collect before submitting one’s
findings. The results demonstrate that rewarding novel findings causes respondents to
make guesses with less information, thereby reducing their accuracy. Chapter 3 presents
an evolutionary agent-based model that tests the effect of competition for novel findings
on the sample size of studies that researchers conduct. This model demonstrates that
competition for novelty causes the cultural evolution of research with smaller sample
sizes and lower statistical power. However, increasing the startup costs to conducting
single studies can reduce the negative effects of competition, as can rewarding
publication of secondary findings. These combined chapters provide evidence that
aspects of current scientific practice may be detrimental to the reliability and
generalizability of research and point to potential solutions.
recent years, the ability of science to do so has been scrutinized. Attempts to reproduce
findings in diverse fields demonstrate that many results are unreliable and do not
generalize across contexts. In response to these concerns, many proposals for reform have
emerged. Although promising, such reforms have not addressed all aspects of scientific
practice. In the social sciences, two such aspects are the diversity of study participants
and incentive structures. Most efforts to improve scientific practice focus on replicability,
but sidestep issues of generalizability. And while researchers have speculated about the
effects of incentive structures, there is little systematic study of these hypotheses. This
dissertation takes one step towards filling these gaps. Chapter 1 presents a cross-cultural
study of social discounting – the purportedly fundamental human tendency to sacrifice
more for socially-close individuals – conducted among three diverse populations (U.S.,
rural Indonesia, rural Bangladesh). This study finds no independent effect of social
distance on generosity among Indonesian and Bangladeshi participants, providing
evidence against the hypothesis that social discounting is universal. It also illustrates the
importance of studying diverse human populations for developing generalizable theories
of human nature. Chapter 2 presents a laboratory experiment with undergraduates to test
the effect of incentive structures on research accuracy, in an instantiation of the scientific
process where the key decision is how much data to collect before submitting one’s
findings. The results demonstrate that rewarding novel findings causes respondents to
make guesses with less information, thereby reducing their accuracy. Chapter 3 presents
an evolutionary agent-based model that tests the effect of competition for novel findings
on the sample size of studies that researchers conduct. This model demonstrates that
competition for novelty causes the cultural evolution of research with smaller sample
sizes and lower statistical power. However, increasing the startup costs to conducting
single studies can reduce the negative effects of competition, as can rewarding
publication of secondary findings. These combined chapters provide evidence that
aspects of current scientific practice may be detrimental to the reliability and
generalizability of research and point to potential solutions.
ContributorsTiokhin, Leonid (Author) / Hruschka, Daniel J (Thesis advisor) / Morgan, Thomas JH (Thesis advisor) / Boyd, Robert (Committee member) / Frankenhuis, Willem E. (Committee member) / Bergstrom, Carl T. (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2018
Description
In competitive Taekwondo, Electronic Body Protectors (EBPs) are used to register hits made by players during sparring. EBPs are comprised of three main components: chest guard, foot sock, and headgear. This equipment interacts with each other through the use of magnets, electric sensors, transmitters, and a receiver. The receiver is connected to a computer programmed with software to process signals from the transmitter and determine whether or not a competitor scored a point. The current design of EBPs, however, have numerous shortcomings, including sensing false positives, failing to register hits, costing too much, and relying on human judgment. This thesis will thoroughly delineate the operation of the current EBPs used and discuss research performed in order to eliminate these weaknesses.
ContributorsSpell, Valerie Anne (Author) / Kozicki, Michael (Thesis director) / Kitchen, Jennifer (Committee member) / Electrical Engineering Program (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2016-05
Description
Business students are trained to be professional problem solver. In order to improve students' ability to solve real-life problem, more and more business schools are encouraging students to attend case competitions and do internships before graduation. In curriculum, students are required to work on business cases and projects in team. However, due to the limited exposure to real-life business scenarios, most undergraduate students feel unprepared when faced with business problems in course projects, case competitions, and internships. Therefore, the goal of this Honors Creative Project is to provide students with an interactive resource to succeed in course projects, case competitions, and even internship projects. By introducing resources that focused on analysis approach and project management, students can learn from some successful experience and become more competitive in job market. After competing at four case competitions with talents all over the nation, we accumulated precious experience in case analysis and teamwork development within a high-pressure environment. In addition, the experiences with internships, consulting and course projects have also aided the participants' development in professionalism and quantitative analytics. Reflecting on what we have learned from our experiences, we strongly believe that the insights gained from the past are not only a treasure for us individually, but also a great resource for our colleagues. We hope to transfer our knowledge to others for their own success where "best practices" can be learned.
ContributorsXiahou, Xiaonan (Co-author) / Thoi, Kenson (Co-author) / Printezis, Antonios (Thesis director) / Arrfelt, Mathias (Committee member) / Department of Supply Chain Management (Contributor) / Department of Economics (Contributor) / Department of Finance (Contributor) / Department of Information Systems (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2016-05
Description
Theme parks have been expanding in size and scope since their inception decades past, a trend that the academic world has begun to notice. There is a wide variety of academic literature on tourism, but not nearly as much on theme parks. As a unique entertainment concept, theme parks have yet to be studied as extensively as other tourism settings. The purpose of this study is to expand on the current academic research concerning theme parks. The researcher applied directed content analysis to dozens of mass media articles in an attempt to identify strategies currently in use in the theme park industry, thereby filling a gap in academic research on the practical application of strategy in the theme park industry. The content analysis consisted of 87 articles from 34 United States-based sources ranging in year from 1985 to 2013, including both large- and small-scale publications, in regards to circulation, spanning the entire country. At the conclusion of the data collection process, the researcher recorded 225 statements demonstrating eight distinct strategies historically present in the theme park industry. The statements from the articles were extracted, analyzed and categorized as discussed below. Those strategies fit into the following eight categories: (1) value, (2) uniqueness, (3) niche, (4) innovation, (5) variety, (6) quality, (7) currency, and (8) convenience. Results from this study introduced two new key strategies being applied in the theme park industry that had not been previously included in the academic literature. The first new strategy discovered was currency. The strategy of providing something current means the theme park attempted to give its guests experiences that were culturally relevant at that time and modern in the theme itself, like creating a ride from a new movie. The second new strategy was convenience, in which case the theme park attempted to make its experiences more accessible for a single member in a party, or the entire group. Both of these new strategies appeared frequently, often more than the six strategies originally identified in the academic literature review. As theme parks continue to grow and diversify in the United States and around the world, it is important for professionals in tourism and business to understand the industry's progression. By combining previous knowledge and adding new research, this study has provided a foundation for future research and analysis on the dynamics of the theme park industry on a national and international scale.
ContributorsLillestol, Tayllor Paige (Author) / Timothy, Dallen (Thesis director) / Goodman, Rebekka (Committee member) / College of Public Programs (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication (Contributor)
Created2014-05
Description
The US steel industry experienced a great decline between 1950-1985. Influenced by several government policies, the industry was first cartelized during the great depression and then subjected to an extremely powerful organized labor force. Due to high demand between and during WWII and the Korean War, the industry expanded capacity using existing technologies. Simultaneously, organized labor was able to secure increased wages and large severance costs for firms that decided to shutdown existing steel mills. In the post war years this prevented firms from innovating through investing in newer, more efficient, technologies. Eventually US steel firms had no advantage against foreign producers who could produce steel cheaper and more efficiently.
ContributorsCole, Andrew Arthur (Author) / Lagakos, David (Thesis director) / DeSerpa, Allan (Committee member) / Dillon, Eleanor (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Economics Program in CLAS (Contributor)
Created2013-05
Description
This thesis will bring together students to engage in entrepreneurship by finding, measuring and sharing strategic market opportunities. From a student’s perspective, it will take a deep dive into the world of startup ecosystems, markets and trends utilizing both qualitative and quantitative market research techniques. The information gathered has been curated into a productive, meaningful manner, through a report titled “The State of Startups: A Student Perspective.” <br/>The first key theme of this thesis is that market intelligence can be a powerful tool. The second key theme is the power of knowledge implementation towards competitive strategies. The first section of the thesis will focus on identifying and understanding the current “startup” landscape as a basis on which to build strategic and impactful business decisions. This will be accomplished as the team conducts a landscape analysis focused on the student perspective of the student-based North American “entrepreneurial” ecosystem. The second section of the thesis will focus specifically on the personal experiences of student startup founders. This will be accomplished through the analysis of interviews with founders of the startups researched from the first section of the thesis. This will provide us with a direct insight into the student perspective of the student-based North American “entrepreneurial” ecosystem.
ContributorsRudick, Justin Harris (Co-author) / Callahan, Ryan (Co-author) / Minic, Jacob (Co-author) / Hybert, Jacob (Co-author) / Forshey, Cecilia (Co-author) / Byrne, Jared (Thesis director) / Olsen, Douglas (Committee member) / Curtiss, Ian (Committee member) / Department of Marketing (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2021-05
Description
This thesis will analyze the effects that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on Arizona State University's marketing efforts to new and current students in regard to budgeting, tactics, and effectiveness. The purpose of this thesis is twofold: to uncover the practices implemented by the university amid the pandemic and assess the impact that such practices had on their marketing effectiveness. Arizona State University (ASU) currently has over 75,000 enrolled students and is focused on innovation, entrepreneurship, and a deep commitment to serving the public interest during a time of rapid and complex societal change. These goals and objectives translate directly into ASU’s marketing strategy and content development, but with an ever-changing world landscape, it is imperative to analyze the key changes and strategic initiatives that were made due to the pandemic in order to assess how to best move forward.
Empirical data was collected through 7 interviews with participants across various colleges and campuses at ASU to identify the holistic strategy pre- and post-pandemic and what the implications are for current and prospective students. The findings revealed that the pandemic was a catalyst for the transition to online recruitment and marketing tactics that proved to be more successful in the attraction of prospective students than prior strategies due to the outreach capabilities. Additionally, the pandemic forced Arizona State University to change their messaging to be more student-focused in order to resonate stronger with consumers. The adoption of new marketing strategies and tactics because of the pandemic ultimately proved to be effective in increasing enrollment at ASU.
ContributorsGreene, Victoria (Author) / Reifurth, Katherine (Thesis director) / Voustas, Konstandinos (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Department of Marketing (Contributor) / Department of Management and Entrepreneurship (Contributor)
Created2022-12
Description
The college experience is enlightening, empowering, educational, but can also be overwhelming and stressful. If one investigates the atmosphere at your standard university campus, there is no doubt that all students are exhausted in their own unique way. The various responsibilities and obligations inherent in the academic course load, student organizations, sports teams, and other extracurricular activities that a student commits to fosters this stress. A common pattern, especially among students, is the progression from stress to exhaustion to lack of motivation, or helplessness. The Mayo Clinic published an article stating: “when stress begins to accumulate from negative or challenging events in life that just keep coming, you can find yourself in a state of feeling emotionally worn out and drained” (https://www.facebook.com/MayoClinicHealthSystem, 2020). That being said, the implementation of gamification in the college experience can significantly improve intrinsic motivation within students, thus reducing the stress and exhaustion. Gamification with regards to higher education is the use of game design elements in non-game contexts in order to engage and motivate learners. The primary purpose of gamification is to make learning more fun and interesting, as well as to increase learners’ engagement, motivation, and productivity. Video games and the concept of gamification in general have shown positive signs of relieved anxiety and increased enjoyment in many different aspects of life, such as education. The overarching goal of introducing gamification into the college environment is simple: To increase satisfaction, learning, participation, engagement, and retention among the student population.
ContributorsAbraham, Giovanna (Author) / Rollins, Jaden (Co-author) / Vickers, Jackson (Co-author) / Byrne, Jared (Thesis director) / Lee, Christopher (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Department of Marketing (Contributor) / Department of Information Systems (Contributor) / Thunderbird School of Global Management (Contributor)
Created2022-05
Description
Ballroom dancing, similar to many other forms of dance, art, and expression, has a nature built upon desire to better oneself, to express oneself, and to relate to the audience. While this sits at the core of the artform, there is another element integral to it: competition. Ballroom competitions contribute significantly to the culture of ballroom dancing itself, often conflicting with or undermining its cooperative elements. The question, thus remains, of what the optimal ballroom competition looks like in order to promote the community aspects without compromising the importance of competition to the dancers. This thesis seeks to identify and execute this optimization, culminating in a ballroom competition and a guide detailing every aspect of the competition that was designed to accomplish this goal.
ContributorsLopez, Sylvia (Author) / Perry, James (Co-author) / Olarte, David (Thesis director) / Daniells, Julianne (Committee member) / Malone, James (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Industrial, Systems & Operations Engineering Prgm (Contributor) / Human Systems Engineering (Contributor)
Created2024-05
Description
Ballroom dancing, similar to many other forms of dance, art, and expression, has a nature built upon desire to better oneself, to express oneself, and to relate to the audience. While this sits at the core of the artform, there is another element integral to it: competition. Ballroom competitions contribute significantly to the culture of ballroom dancing itself, often conflicting with or undermining its cooperative elements. The question, thus remains, of what the optimal ballroom competition looks like in order to promote the community aspects without compromising the importance of competition to the dancers. This thesis seeks to identify and execute this optimization, culminating in a ballroom competition and a guide detailing every aspect of the competition that was designed to accomplish this goal.
ContributorsPerry, James (Author) / Lopez, Sylvia (Co-author) / Olarte, David (Thesis director) / Daniels, Julianne (Committee member) / Malone, James (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of Life Sciences (Contributor)
Created2024-05