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There is a lot of variation in health outcomes when it comes to individual states in America. Some states, such as Hawaii, have the life expectancy equivalent to that of developed countries, whereas states like Mississippi have the life expectancy equivalent to that of third world countries. This raised the questions of which states are doing well in health and why, and if their health has to do with their performance in the primary, secondary, tertiary, and/or quaternary prevention levels. The purpose of this research was to investigate if there is a correlation between performance in any of the prevention levels and the overall health status of a state, and if there is, which prevention level would be most beneficial for states to prioritize. The hypothesis of this research was: states that prioritized primary and secondary levels of prevention would have better health than states that prioritized tertiary and quaternary levels of prevention, since basic health measures contribute more to health outcomes than advanced medicine. To investigate this question, indicators were chosen to derive the ranking of each state in health and each of the four prevention levels. Six states were then chosen to represent the high, average, and low health statuses respectively. The six states were ranked for all indicators, and the data was analyzed and compared to determine a potential relationship between the prevention level rankings and the overarching health ranking. It was found that there is a correlation between performance in the primary and secondary prevention levels and a state’s overall health status, whereas there was no such correlation for the tertiary and quaternary levels. A model for health was proposed for states looking to improve their health status, which was to invest in primary prevention, followed by secondary, tertiary, then quaternary prevention and only moving to the next prevention level once the previous level reached a satisfactory threshold.
This project will be a tribute to my experiences as a person, a chef, and as an ASU student. During my time spent here at ASU I have met a diverse group of people that I call my friends. Every time we would spend time together, I would learn about their lives and the experiences they are going through at this university. Everyone I met had a different background, story, and experience. Some of these memorable nights would be spent at my place. Depending on the circumstance, I would cook for my friends, and every time I did, they were amazed by my craft. Growing up, my mother was always working in the realm of fundraising. Through her jobs, we both had the opportunity to meet and work with some of the best chefs the Phoenix valley had to offer. Chefs like Robert Irvine, Mario Batali, Beau MacMillan, Christopher Gross, Michael DiMaria, Eddie Matney, and more. As a child and teenager, my fascination with cooking and food stood out to these figures and many taught me various skills and techniques in the kitchen. I learned to do everything from properly julian tangerines to preparing beef tartar. I even developed from making lemonade on my own when I was two years old to working in a four star restaurant as a line chef at the age of 15. These memories I will be forever grateful for. Through these skills, I have impressed my friends with delicious meals at night. And as we matured through college both in age and living situations, many of my friends have asked to learn from me. The change from freshman dorms to our own houses and townhomes have offered an endless opportunity of options for meals. But, everyone has a different background and skill set when it comes to cooking. A few of my friends have never picked up a knife before and have claimed to “burn water in the microwave.” Others tend to challenge me in preparing meals in their own homes and together we have our own “cookoffs.” From person to person, and living quarter to living quarter, there are many challenges to cooking. This is why I have decided to take the knowledge from my Industrial Engineering classes, my personal cooking skills, and data collected from the student body to create a cookbook for the average ASU student. I plan to include recipes and techniques in the form of Standard Operating Procedures to ensure that the instructions are as easy to follow as they can be. The recipes and techniques I plan to include will encompass data I have collected from the student body. The data will focus around a few key components of any chef and kitchen: tools and appliances available, personal cooking skills, and personal cooking experience. To take on such a challenge, I plan to complete this thesis/creative project in a few direct steps. First and foremost, complete this prospectus (already completed), next, secure funding from ASU for a survey completion incentive. For this survey, I will need a minimum of $250 to distribute between 5 winners. The monetary incentive is to ensure that more than 30 pieces of data (survey responses) are collected from each grade level of students. Next I will send a survey that asks about the aforementioned topics. After the survey is complete, I will collect the data, analyze it, and hone in on the most important and available tools. Finally, I will write stories surrounding my chosen recipes and create said recipes.
COVID-19 has proved that our society can be adaptable in the most unexpected situations. Chaos and fear struck the nation causing people to react in a variety of ways in an attempt to protect their own self interests. The retail space has had to adjust in large scales, making the shopping experience safer both for the customer and the employees. I was able to experience this first hand at Target, working there many years previous to and during the pandemic, getting to see the shift in consumer patterns. I noticed customers would purchase more products in one department, then the next month it would shift to another department. This paper will analyze those shifts in sales trends both departmentaly and within shopping methods at Target to help identify the largest changes and the possible reasons behind these.
An examination upon the historical evolution of the quarterback reveals that there were three foundational cycles leading up to 2007 which established the model for the mobile quarterback in the NFL. These were especially marked by exceptional quarterbacks breaking molds and pioneering African American quarterbacks overcoming racial stigma. Since 2007, there has been a steady trend of mobile quarterbacks replacing pocket passers, especially among playoff teams. Using k-means clustering, three different categories of quarterbacks were established: pocket passers, scramblers, and dual-threats. After evaluating various player metrics describing quarterback mobility, using yards per game, run-to-pass ratio, scramble rate, and designed run rate on third down produced the best model. This yielded an accurate prediction of covariance and a good overall fit. Teams with dual-threat quarterbacks had more success than other quarterback types on third-and-medium for dropbacks, third-and-long for designed runs, and explosive plays (plays which gain 20+ yards) on designed runs, passes, and quarterback scrambles. An examination into the schematic tendencies using film reveals that mobile quarterbacks allow the offense to have more freedom in its play calling and reduces the margin of error for defenses. Alongside the NFL’s increased focus on the concept of positionless football, this provides the framework for what this thesis calls the “Slashback Offense,” in which the offense utilizes a young, athletic quarterback in multiple positions in conjunction with a mobile starting quarterback. This can enhance option plays, establish the threat of another passer, and reduce the physical burden on the starting quarterback.