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- Creators: School of Life Sciences
In females, critical hormonal shifts occur during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and <br/>menopause. The fluctuating ovarian hormone levels across a woman’s lifespan likely contribute <br/>to inflammatory responses driven by the immune system, which is regulated by a variety of <br/>physiological pathways and microbiological cues. Pregnancy in particular results in drastic <br/>changes in circulating hormone profiles, and involves a variety of physiological changes, <br/>including inflammatory responses of the immune system. There is evidence that these effects are <br/>mediated, in part, by the significant hormone fluctuations that characterize pregnancy and <br/>postpartum periods. This thesis highlights and synthesizes important physiological changes <br/>associated with pregnancy, and their potential implications on cognitive and brain aging in <br/>women. A tertiary model of cognition is presented depicting interactions between hormonal <br/>history, reproductive history, and immune functions. This research is important to create a better <br/>understanding of women’s health and enhance medical care for women throughout pregnancy <br/>and across reproductive hormone shifts across the lifespan.
body weight. Microarray analysis identified 53 probe sets significantly altered post- ω-3PUFA, with APOE being one of the most upregulated genes. High dose of long chain ω-3PUFA supplementation modulates significant changes in plasma fatty acid profile, AT and systemic inflammation. These findings associate with significant improvement of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Unbiased microarray analysis of Sc fat biopsy identified APOE as the most differentially regulated gene after ω-3PUFA 22 supplementation. We speculate that ω-3PUFA increases macrophage-derived APOE mRNA levels with anti-inflammatory properties.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by severe tissue damage and extreme inflammation involving prolonged invasion of inflammatory cells. Following SCI, there is long-term disability and treatment is limited. We previously demonstrated that sustained subdural infusion of the anti-inflammatory protein, Serp-1, significantly improved functional recovery and reduced inflammatory cell invasion following SCI. We hypothesized that sustained delivery of immune-modulating Serp-1 using a chitosan-collagen hydrogel would demonstrate therapeutic benefits and reduce damage following forceps crush-induced SCI. Following the dorsal column crush injury, we observed that for rats treated with high-dose (100 μg/50 μL) Serp-1, functional motor improvement was observed. There was also a more pronounced neuroprotective effect in comparison to the low-dose (10 μg/50 μL) treatment, which was likely attributable to suppression of local inflammation. Conversely, sustained infusion of low-dose Serp-1 CCH did not enhance recovery. Thus, sustained delivery of immune-modulating Serp-1 through a chitosan-collagen hydrogel exhibits neuroprotective potential following acute SCI.