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Slaves of the defunct: the epistemic intractability of the Hayek-Keynes debate

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The present essay addresses the epistemic difficulties involved in achieving consensus with respect to the Hayek-Keynes debate. In particular, it is argued that the debate cannot be settled on the basis of the observable evidence; or, more precisely, that the empirical implications of the theories of Hayek and Keynes are…

The present essay addresses the epistemic difficulties involved in achieving consensus with respect to the Hayek-Keynes debate. In particular, it is argued that the debate cannot be settled on the basis of the observable evidence; or, more precisely, that the empirical implications of the theories of Hayek and Keynes are such that, regardless of what is observed, both of the theories can be interpreted as true, or at least, not falsified. Regardless of the evidence, both Hayek and Keynes can be interpreted as right. The underdetermination of theories by evidence is an old and ubiquitous problem in science. The present essay makes explicit the respects in which the empirical evidence underdetermines the choice between the theories of Hayek and Keynes. In particular, it is argued both that there are convenient responses one can offer that protect each theory from what appears to be threatening evidence (i.e., that the choice between the two theories is underdetermined in the holist sense) and that, for particular kinds of evidence, the two theories are empirically equivalent (i.e., with respect to certain kinds of evidence, the choice between the two theories is underdetermined in the contrastive sense).
ContributorsScheall, Scott (Author) / Creath, Richard (Thesis advisor) / Armendt, Brad (Committee member) / French, Peter (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2012
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Education and the Costs Associated with Death

Description
Cancer has a financial impact worldwide. According to a study published by the American Cancer Society, “cancer accounts for 1.5% of global gross domestic product loss per year” (John & Ross, 2010). The legal and economic costs of death are not something normally addressed with patients prior to the occurrence…

Cancer has a financial impact worldwide. According to a study published by the American Cancer Society, “cancer accounts for 1.5% of global gross domestic product loss per year” (John & Ross, 2010). The legal and economic costs of death are not something normally addressed with patients prior to the occurrence of death. With an integrative approach, education may help reduce financial stressors for both the patient and family, while offering cost saving benefits to the facilities involved. Studies have shown that education pertaining to advanced care planning help to reduce hospital visits and the costs associated with the last six months of life. Integrating additional education in the form of legal and financial planning prior to death will benefit patients. This may benefit hospitals concurrently, by reducing hospital visits or length of stays, saving millions in Medicare costs to the hospital. Hospitals currently focus on the emotional, spiritual and intellectual needs of the patient post diagnosis of a terminal illness. Education related to funeral planning, preparing a will, and financial preparedness need to be included in the structured patient education offered at facilities. Individuals that have a higher socioeconomic status are typically more prepared for the costs associated with death. Offering financial education will allow more individuals experiencing the terminal diagnosis to prepare for their impending death.
ContributorsSimundson, Julie Lynn (Author) / Rodríguez, Yolanda (Thesis advisor) / Scheall, Scott (Thesis advisor) / Thomas, Kathy (Committee member) / Chanley, Jesse (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020