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Description
This study investigates how well prominent behavioral theories from social psychology explain green purchasing behavior (GPB). I assess three prominent theories in terms of their suitability for GPB research, their attractiveness to GPB empiricists, and the strength of their empirical evidence when applied to GPB. First, a qualitative assessment of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Norm Activation Theory (NAT), and Value-Belief-Norm Theory (VBN) is conducted to evaluate a) how well the phenomenon and concepts in each theory match the characteristics of pro-environmental behavior and b) how well the assumptions made in each theory match common assumptions made in purchasing theory. Second, a quantitative assessment of these three theories is conducted in which r2 values and methodological parameters (e.g., sample size) are collected from a sample of 21 empirical studies on GPB to evaluate the accuracy and generalize-ability of empirical evidence. In the qualitative assessment, the results show each theory has its advantages and disadvantages. The results also provide a theoretically-grounded roadmap for modifying each theory to be more suitable for GPB research. In the quantitative assessment, the TPB outperforms the other two theories in every aspect taken into consideration. It proves to 1) create the most accurate models 2) be supported by the most generalize-able empirical evidence and 3) be the most attractive theory to empiricists. Although the TPB establishes itself as the best foundational theory for an empiricist to start from, it's clear that a more comprehensive model is needed to achieve consistent results and improve our understanding of GPB. NAT and the Theory of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB) offer pathways to extend the TPB. The TIB seems particularly apt for this endeavor, while VBN does not appear to have much to offer. Overall, the TPB has already proven to hold a relatively high predictive value. But with the state of ecosystem services continuing to decline on a global scale, it's important for models of GPB to become more accurate and reliable. Better models have the capacity to help marketing professionals, product developers, and policy makers develop strategies for encouraging consumers to buy green products.
ContributorsRedd, Thomas Christopher (Author) / Dooley, Kevin (Thesis advisor) / Basile, George (Committee member) / Darnall, Nicole (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2012
Description
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used in the chemical process sector to compare the environmental merits of different product or process alternatives. One of the tasks that involves much time and cost in LCA studies is the specification of the exact materials and processes modeled which has limited its widespread application. To overcome this, researchers have recently created probabilistic underspecification as an LCA streamlining method, which uses a structured data classification system to enable an LCA modeler to specify materials and processes in a less precise manner. This study presents a statistical procedure to understand when streamlined LCA methods can be used, and what their impact on overall model uncertainty is. Petrochemicals and polymer product systems were chosen to examine the impacts of underspecification and mis-specification applied to LCA modeling. Ecoinvent database, extracted using GaBi software, was used for data pertaining to generic crude oil refining and polymer manufacturing modules. By assessing the variation in LCA results arising out of streamlined materials classification, the developed statistics estimate the amount of overall error incurred by underspecifying and mis-specifying material impact data in streamlined LCA. To test the impact of underspecification and mis-specification at the level of a product footprint, case studies of HDPE containers and aerosol air fresheners were conducted. Results indicate that the variation in LCA results decreases as the specificity of materials increases. For the product systems examined, results show that most of the variability in impact assessment is due to the differences in the regions from which the environmental impact datasets were collected; the lower levels of categorization of materials have relatively smaller influence on the variance. Analyses further signify that only certain environmental impact categories viz. global warming potential, freshwater eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, human toxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity are affected by geographic variations. Outcomes for the case studies point out that the error in the estimation of global warming potential increases as the specificity of a component of the product decreases. Fossil depletion impact estimates remain relatively robust to underspecification. Further, the results of LCA are much more sensitive to underspecification of materials and processes than mis-specification.
ContributorsMurali, Ashwin Krishna (Author) / Dooley, Kevin (Thesis advisor) / Dai, Lenore (Thesis advisor) / Nielsen, David (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2014
Description
Cavitation erosion is a significant cause of wear in marine components, such as impellers, propellers or rudders. While the erosion process has been widely studied on metals, the effect of cavitation on polymers is not well-understood. The stress response in metals differs greatly from that of polymers, e.g. rate and temperature effects are far more important, thus damage and wear mechanisms of polymers under cavitating flows are significantly different. In this work, heat-driven failure caused by viscous dissipation and void nucleation resulting from tensile stresses arising from stress wave reflections are investigated as two possible material failure mechanisms.
As a first step in developing a fundamental understanding of the cavitation erosion process on polymer surfaces, simulations are performed of the collapse of individual bubbles against a compliant surface e.g. metallic substrates with polyurea coatings. The surface response of collapse-driven impact loads is represented by a idealized, time-dependent, Gaussian pressure distribution on the surface. A two-dimensional distribution of load radii and durations is considered corresponding to characteristic of cavitating flows accelerated erosion experiments. Finite element simulations are performed to fit a response curve that relates the loading parameters to the energy dissipated in the coating and integrated with collapse statistics to generate an expected heat input into the coating.
The impulsive pressure, which is generated due to bubble collapse, impacts the material and generates intense shock waves. The stress waves within the material reflects by interaction with the substrate. A transient region of high tensile stress is produced by the interaction of these waves. Simulations suggests that maximum hydrostatic tension which cause failure of polyurea layer is observed in thick coating. Also, the dissipated viscous energy and corresponding temperature rise in a polyurea is calculated, and it is concluded that temperature has influence on deformation.
As a first step in developing a fundamental understanding of the cavitation erosion process on polymer surfaces, simulations are performed of the collapse of individual bubbles against a compliant surface e.g. metallic substrates with polyurea coatings. The surface response of collapse-driven impact loads is represented by a idealized, time-dependent, Gaussian pressure distribution on the surface. A two-dimensional distribution of load radii and durations is considered corresponding to characteristic of cavitating flows accelerated erosion experiments. Finite element simulations are performed to fit a response curve that relates the loading parameters to the energy dissipated in the coating and integrated with collapse statistics to generate an expected heat input into the coating.
The impulsive pressure, which is generated due to bubble collapse, impacts the material and generates intense shock waves. The stress waves within the material reflects by interaction with the substrate. A transient region of high tensile stress is produced by the interaction of these waves. Simulations suggests that maximum hydrostatic tension which cause failure of polyurea layer is observed in thick coating. Also, the dissipated viscous energy and corresponding temperature rise in a polyurea is calculated, and it is concluded that temperature has influence on deformation.
ContributorsPanwar, Ajay (Author) / Oswald, Jay (Thesis advisor) / Dooley, Kevin (Committee member) / Chen, Kangping (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2015
Description
Health is among the most basic needs of the people and driving force of social and economic development. The health nutrition & wellness industry is gradually becoming a global sunrise industry . However, the industry is faced many problems and challenges including weaknesses in the industry structure, fragmentations of supply chain, low
efficiency in resources allocation, and lacking in quality on personnel training. To achieve core competitiveness and value creation, it is important that the health nutrition & wellness industry must meet the needs of Chinese market and its customers with a customer centric perspective to design a firm’s organization strucrture and management processes. This thesis is based on an analysis of the competitive landscape faced by the nutrition & wellness industry as exemplified by By-Health.Ltd. The investigation begins with an analysis and synthsis of the common industry practices on sales & distribution channels for their underlying similarities and differences in product strategies, branding strategies, and agency models on incentive design and profit sharing mechanisms. Through an empirical survey, this thesis also investigate customer’s demand for nutritious and healthy products. The results through factor analysis reveal that such demands are driven by individual factor, product factor, enterprise factor and environmental factor. The study concludes with a proposed framework to link customer value through three innovative designs in sales and distribution: community marketing model, sharing marketing model and Internet factory marketing model.
efficiency in resources allocation, and lacking in quality on personnel training. To achieve core competitiveness and value creation, it is important that the health nutrition & wellness industry must meet the needs of Chinese market and its customers with a customer centric perspective to design a firm’s organization strucrture and management processes. This thesis is based on an analysis of the competitive landscape faced by the nutrition & wellness industry as exemplified by By-Health.Ltd. The investigation begins with an analysis and synthsis of the common industry practices on sales & distribution channels for their underlying similarities and differences in product strategies, branding strategies, and agency models on incentive design and profit sharing mechanisms. Through an empirical survey, this thesis also investigate customer’s demand for nutritious and healthy products. The results through factor analysis reveal that such demands are driven by individual factor, product factor, enterprise factor and environmental factor. The study concludes with a proposed framework to link customer value through three innovative designs in sales and distribution: community marketing model, sharing marketing model and Internet factory marketing model.
ContributorsGong, Binghui (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Cui, Haitao (Thesis advisor) / Gu, Bin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2018
Description本文选取当前在学界和业界关注度较高的“新三板”企业作为研究对象，从融资效率和融资偏好角度实证了新三板企业当前的运行状况，补充了资本结构和融资效率的研究文献。利用二元选择回归以及分位数回归方法，探究了内部融资、债务融资以及权益融资偏好的影响因素。本文发现：1）对于内部融资，企业资产负债率越低、经营能力越强、盈利能力越好、抵押品越少以及公司成长性高的企业更倾向于使用内部融资，资产负债率对内部融资的负面影响边际增大；2）对于债务融资，资产负债率越低、盈利能力越好、经营能力越强、抵押品越多、公司成长性高的企业更倾向于使用债务融资；3）对于权益融资，盈利能力较差、经营能力较弱的企业更倾向于使用权益融资，而资本结构以及公司成长性对权益融资没有影响。分位数回归也发现，盈利能力、现金状况、总资产周转率、资产流动性、非债务税盾、民营企业以及公司成长性等变量对权益融资的影响较为稳定，提示公司的特征变量对权益融资并没有明显的主导作用。在融资效率上，本文也发现：1）于2012年挂牌新三板的企业整体融资效率不高，DEA融资效率为有效的企业占比仅为10%左右；但融资效率在逐年持续改善，表现出一个较好的发展势头。并且，对于做市转让的企业来说，2014年由协议转让改为做市转让以后，融资相对有效的企业数量增长明显快于协议转让企业，表明采用做市转让的企业融资效率优于采用协议转让的企业。2）市场整体融资规模并未达到挂牌企业的需求，导致一半以上企业尚未达到最优的生产经营状态，仍需要资金来增加生产资料的投入，以扩大生产规模获取规模收益。对于做市转让的企业来说，在2014年由协议转让改为做市转让以后，规模报酬递增的企业数量占比下降更快，表明做市转让制度要比协议转让制度从融资效率角度更能满足新三板企业的融资需求。
ContributorsWu, Jintao (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Li, Feng (Thesis advisor) / Wang, Tan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description当前各个城市都在努力推动“互联网+政务”的公共服务新模式，打造政府公共服务平台，提供“一站式”的服务资源，以民众需求为中心，解决民众信息查询、政府办事预约、政策咨询等公共活动的需要。可以看出，政务平台给民众的生活带来极大的便利，是当前各地政府响应中央建立“智慧城市”“数字中国”的重要举措。
本课题发现当前的政务平台逐步引入PPP模式，借助社会资源开发政务平台。但是，PPP模式是否有利于政务平台的建设，受到哪些因素的制约，如何更好地利用PPP模式进行开发工作，这些问题在现前的研究中没有得到很好地探索。带着这些问题，本课题对PPP模式在政务平台建设中的作用进行了深入剖析。主要研究内容如下：
在第一部分中，本课题政府公共服务和政务相关理论进行了全面整理，发现政务平台要想走出一条健康发展之路，需要借助社会资源进行市场化，而PPP模式符合当前政务平台建设的需要。本文对PPP模式在国内外电子政务的应用进行了分析，提出了本文的研究主题。
在第二部分中，本文对华东地区50座城市的政务平台进行了调研，对常见问题进行了整理，发现PPP模式已经广泛应用于政务平台建设中，且主要有四种模式，本文对50座城市的政务平台建设情况进行了数据采集，并进行了深入分析。
在第三部分中，结合调研现状和文献研究成果，提出了PPP模式影响政务平台建设的相关假设，并构建了计量模型。通过短面板分析验证假设，并进行了Robust分析，证实结论的普适性。
在第四部分中，本文分析了研究结果，认为政务平台采用PPP模式能够有效促进政务平台的建设水平，提高用户满意度；并且PPP模式与合作企业的估摸、信息的透明程度和平台的交互能力存在显著的交互作用，共同影响用户对政务平台的评价。政府引入PPP模式，充分对接可利用资源，并加强盈利控制，对当前政务平台的建设是具有积极意义的。
本课题发现当前的政务平台逐步引入PPP模式，借助社会资源开发政务平台。但是，PPP模式是否有利于政务平台的建设，受到哪些因素的制约，如何更好地利用PPP模式进行开发工作，这些问题在现前的研究中没有得到很好地探索。带着这些问题，本课题对PPP模式在政务平台建设中的作用进行了深入剖析。主要研究内容如下：
在第一部分中，本课题政府公共服务和政务相关理论进行了全面整理，发现政务平台要想走出一条健康发展之路，需要借助社会资源进行市场化，而PPP模式符合当前政务平台建设的需要。本文对PPP模式在国内外电子政务的应用进行了分析，提出了本文的研究主题。
在第二部分中，本文对华东地区50座城市的政务平台进行了调研，对常见问题进行了整理，发现PPP模式已经广泛应用于政务平台建设中，且主要有四种模式，本文对50座城市的政务平台建设情况进行了数据采集，并进行了深入分析。
在第三部分中，结合调研现状和文献研究成果，提出了PPP模式影响政务平台建设的相关假设，并构建了计量模型。通过短面板分析验证假设，并进行了Robust分析，证实结论的普适性。
在第四部分中，本文分析了研究结果，认为政务平台采用PPP模式能够有效促进政务平台的建设水平，提高用户满意度；并且PPP模式与合作企业的估摸、信息的透明程度和平台的交互能力存在显著的交互作用，共同影响用户对政务平台的评价。政府引入PPP模式，充分对接可利用资源，并加强盈利控制，对当前政务平台的建设是具有积极意义的。
ContributorsZhao, Liang (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Xinlei (Thesis advisor) / Shao, Benjamin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description中国律师制度自“文化大革命”结束后恢复至今，已有近四十年。中国律师行业伴随着中国改革开放的进程，得到了飞速的发展，当然，同时也面临着诸多的问题。重要的问题之一便是，中国律师事务所采用“加盟制合伙人”模式和采用“权益制合伙人”模式之争。本文试图从回顾企业边界的三大理论出发，提出“加盟制合伙人”模式和 “权益制合伙人”模式与合伙人律师的业务专业化程度、业务复杂化程度以及大客户和律师事务所规模关系的四个假设，通过实证分析的方式，试图以企业边界三大理论解释前述四个假设中的关系，并以此期望对律师行业的发展有所启发。
ContributorsChu, Xiaoqing (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Shen, Wei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description中国水环境行业当前正处在以质量驱动、效率提升为主导的发展阶段，为积极响应国家政策以及环境发展导向，平衡公众日益增长的公共品需求同公共品短缺、低效之间的矛盾，抓住市场发展机遇，提高企业市场竞争中的核心能力，水环境行业必须要明确资本驱动、效率导向、服务标准提高要求下的价值流方向，加快行业发展动力的创新改革。因此，本文立足政府充分授权下的水环境企业战略联盟模式（具体体现为BOT模式）影响因素研究，包括如下几部分内容：
第一，界定政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟内涵，分析其形成的理论基础、水环境企业战略联盟的类型、发展差异性及战略联盟动因。通过梳理战略联盟理论国内外研究现状回顾及评述，提出政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式研究的主要问题。
第二，探索政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式的影响因素。通过对水环境基础设施战略联盟项目合同关键内容的深入分析，识别出政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式的关键影响因素。
第三，实证分析各关键因素对政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式效果的影响。运用回归分析方法对项目规模、政府政策、监督管理、激励机制、风险分配和投资回报对联盟模式效果的影响进行实证检验，验证了各影响因素对政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式效果的正向作用。
最后，对政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式影响因素及作用研究的结论进行总结。
第一，界定政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟内涵，分析其形成的理论基础、水环境企业战略联盟的类型、发展差异性及战略联盟动因。通过梳理战略联盟理论国内外研究现状回顾及评述，提出政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式研究的主要问题。
第二，探索政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式的影响因素。通过对水环境基础设施战略联盟项目合同关键内容的深入分析，识别出政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式的关键影响因素。
第三，实证分析各关键因素对政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式效果的影响。运用回归分析方法对项目规模、政府政策、监督管理、激励机制、风险分配和投资回报对联盟模式效果的影响进行实证检验，验证了各影响因素对政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式效果的正向作用。
最后，对政府充分授权下水环境企业战略联盟模式影响因素及作用研究的结论进行总结。
ContributorsLi, Zhensheng (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Yu, Xiaoyun (Thesis advisor) / Shen, Wei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description本研究旨在讨论融资租赁公司与承租的中小企之间的匹配因素。研究从融资租赁的实际业务流程切入，研究1对H公司进行了案例分析，得到基本的影响因素结果，继而研究2和研究3分别在中小企客户和融资租赁公司两类资料中独立展开分析，并比较这些因素的影响程度。研究结果发现了影响双向匹配的四个维度，以及在各自影响力的不同。研究最后分别对融资租赁公司和承租中小企提出了建议，以期提高双方匹配并达成业务的概率。
ContributorsWang, Dinghui (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Yan, Hong (Thesis advisor) / Li, Feng (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description
Despite significant growth in research about supply chain integration, many questions remain unanswered regarding the path to integration and the benefits that can be accrued. This dissertation examines three aspects of supply chain integration in the health sector, leveraging the healthcare context to extend the theoretical boundaries, as well as applying supply chain knowledge to an industry known to be immature in terms of its supply chain practices.
In the first chapter, a supply chain operating model that breaks away from the traditional healthcare supply chain structures is examined. Consolidated Service Centers (CSCs) embody a shared services strategy, consolidating supply chain functions across multiple hospitals (i.e. horizontal integration) and disintermediating several key roles in healthcare supply chains such as the group purchasing organizations and national distributors. Through case studies, key characteristics of CSCs that enable them to reduce the level of supply chain complexity are examined.
The second chapter investigates buyer-supplier relationships in healthcare (i.e. supplier integration), where a high level of distrust exists between hospitals and their suppliers. This context is leveraged to study both enablers and barriers to buyer-supplier trust. The results suggest that contracting counteracts the negative effects of dependence on trust. Furthermore, the study reveals that hospital buyers may, in some situations, perceive dedicated resource investments made by suppliers as trust barriers, associating such investments with supplier upselling and entrenchment tactics. This runs contrary to how dedicated investments are perceived in most other industries.
In the third chapter, the triadic relationship between the hospital, supplier, and physician is taken into consideration. Given their professional autonomy and power, physicians commonly undermine hospital efforts in supply base rationalization and standardization. This study examines whether physician-hospital integration (i.e. customer integration) can drive physicians towards supply selection practices that align with the hospital’s sourcing strategies and ultimately result in better supply chain performance. This study utilizes theory on agency triads and professionalism and tests hypotheses through a random effects regression model applied to data about hospital financial performance and physician-hospital arrangements.
In the first chapter, a supply chain operating model that breaks away from the traditional healthcare supply chain structures is examined. Consolidated Service Centers (CSCs) embody a shared services strategy, consolidating supply chain functions across multiple hospitals (i.e. horizontal integration) and disintermediating several key roles in healthcare supply chains such as the group purchasing organizations and national distributors. Through case studies, key characteristics of CSCs that enable them to reduce the level of supply chain complexity are examined.
The second chapter investigates buyer-supplier relationships in healthcare (i.e. supplier integration), where a high level of distrust exists between hospitals and their suppliers. This context is leveraged to study both enablers and barriers to buyer-supplier trust. The results suggest that contracting counteracts the negative effects of dependence on trust. Furthermore, the study reveals that hospital buyers may, in some situations, perceive dedicated resource investments made by suppliers as trust barriers, associating such investments with supplier upselling and entrenchment tactics. This runs contrary to how dedicated investments are perceived in most other industries.
In the third chapter, the triadic relationship between the hospital, supplier, and physician is taken into consideration. Given their professional autonomy and power, physicians commonly undermine hospital efforts in supply base rationalization and standardization. This study examines whether physician-hospital integration (i.e. customer integration) can drive physicians towards supply selection practices that align with the hospital’s sourcing strategies and ultimately result in better supply chain performance. This study utilizes theory on agency triads and professionalism and tests hypotheses through a random effects regression model applied to data about hospital financial performance and physician-hospital arrangements.
ContributorsAbdulsalam, Yousef J (Author) / Schneller, Eugene S (Thesis advisor) / Gopalakrishnan, Mohan (Committee member) / Maltz, Arnold (Committee member) / Dooley, Kevin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016