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- Genre: Masters Thesis
- Creators: Arizona State University
Description
Teens are one of the largest markets for movies. Representations of teenagers in film have the potential to powerfully impact their sense of self and society (Elbaba, 2019, para. 17), yet mainstream films in the high school genre have typically recycled the same narrow teen stereotypes and narratives since the 1980s (Shary, 2014, p. 19). However, film critics, social commentators, and social media reactions lauded a notable exception in Booksmart (Wilde, 2019). The research reported in this thesis was an analysis of the narrative arc and character tropes in Booksmart intended to explore how these differed from those typical in this genre. The analysis identified several ways that Booksmart deviated from traditional gendered forms in the transformational elements of the narrative and in the strategic use of familiar tropes to disrupt stereotypes. Ultimately, while it is limited in some ways (e.g., racial diversity), Booksmart does include more multidimensional characters and contemporary youth issues (deconstructing stereotypes, beauty standards, etc.) compared to most mainstream films in the teen American high school film genre.
ContributorsJohnson, Kaitlen (Author) / Mean, Lindsey (Thesis advisor) / Gruber, Diane (Committee member) / Walker, Michael (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
It is common for Evangelical Christian churches to encourage young adult congregants to volunteer within their organization. However, when a volunteer applies for a position, and they do not receive it, they risk experiencing emotional hurt. There is a gap in the literature regarding responses of church attenders who have experienced rejection within the Evangelical church, specifically from a volunteer leadership position. In light of this, the present research conducted a qualitative study to identify how relationships between church staff and aspiring volunteers influence acquiring a leadership position and how young adults respond when they have been hurt by perceived rejection messages regarding volunteer leadership requests. This study gathered data through in-depth, one-on-one interviews of young adults, pastors, and church consultants. Pastors and church consultants provided context for young adults’ responses to rejection from volunteering. Analysis of raw data followed Braun and Clarke’s reflexive Thematic Analysis to identify patterns and themes seen throughout the data set. The depth of a relationship between a pastor and an aspiring volunteer is the primary evaluative process for pastors to acquire responsible leaders. However, aspiring volunteers who do not maintain a deep relationship with the pastor perceived behaviors demonstrating favoritism and were inclined to experience emotional hurt caused by feelings of exclusion and feelings of being morally or socially less than others. Young adult aspiring volunteers responded to perceived rejection through negative self-talk, avoidance, and continued participation in the ministry. Over time, young adults learned to understand and accept what had happened. Ultimately, the research found that the common leadership approach of developing leaders based on personal relationships between church staff and aspiring volunteers increases young adults’ hurt when they are not accepted into a leadership position.
ContributorsKatayama, Keara (Author) / Kelley, Douglas (Thesis advisor) / Waldron, Vincent (Committee member) / Taylor, Jameien (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
The prevalence of autonomous technology is advancing at a rapid rate and is becoming more sophisticated. As this technology becomes more advanced, humans and autonomy may work together as teammates in various settings. A crucial component of teaming is trust, but to date, researchers are limited in assessing trust calibration dynamically in human-autonomy teams. Traditional methods of measuring trust (e.g., Likert scale questionnaires) capture trust after the fact or at a specific time. However, trust fluctuates, and determining what causes this might give machine designers insight into how machines can be improved upon so that operator’s trust towards the machines is more properly calibrated. This thesis aimed to assess the validity of an interaction-based metric of trust: anticipatory pushing of information. Anticipatory pushing of information refers to teammate A anticipating the needs of teammate B and pushing that information to teammate B. It was hypothesized there would be a positive relationship between the frequency of anticipatory pushing and self-reported trust scores. To test this hypothesis, text chat data and self-reported trust scores were analyzed in a previously conducted study in two different sessions (routine and degraded). Findings indicate that the anticipatory pushing of information and the self-reported trust scores between the human-human pairs in the degraded sessions were higher than the routine sessions. In degraded sessions, the anticipatory pushing of information between the human-human pairs was associated with human-human trust.
ContributorsBhatti, Shawaiz (Author) / Cooke, Nancy (Thesis advisor) / Chiou, Erin K (Committee member) / Gutzwiller, Robert (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
Every year, hundreds of babies in Arizona are found to have a serious condition identified through newborn screening (NBS), and with current law requiring Arizona to include new conditions to be added to the recommended uniform screening panel (RUSP) within two years of addition to the RUSP, the number of identified babies can be expected to increase. It is essential that physicians are prepared to handle the results of NBS and discuss the implications, in a timely manner, with their patients in order to facilitate treatment. Purpose: To (1) evaluate the current practices and processes of communicating newborn screening results to parents; (2) assess the effectiveness and timeliness of the communication methods used for conveying NBS results; (3) identify potential barriers and challenges associated with the communication of NBS results. Methods: Approval for this study was obtained from the Arizona State University Institutional Review Board. A survey was generated through Qualtrics and Arizona physicians were contacted via email (n = 462). The email contained a link to the survey, or a scannable QR code was provided if the survey was to be accessed via handheld device.
Results: Seventy physicians responded (15% response rate). More than half of the participants often discuss NBS with families prior to conducting the initial screen. 40% of physicians do not feel confident in explaining the purpose and significance of the two newborn screens required by Arizona law. 54% of respondents are not satisfied with the training and resources provided to support them in counseling patients on newborn screening results. 51% of respondents involve a geneticist, other specialist(s), or other experts in the management of an abnormal result. Of the roughly half that do not involve a geneticist or other specialist when an abnormal result requires follow-up, 50% of those physicians order further genetic testing in office.
Conclusions: Most physicians agree that their greatest barrier to delivering abnormal screening results is using patient friendly language and would prefer language friendly ACT sheets to improve their communication of abnormal screening results. Incorporating personnel skilled in communicating uncertain news, such as a genetic counselor (GC), into Arizona's NBS program could enhance physician communication skills and improve patient satisfaction, while also providing psychosocial support and facilitating follow-up care for patients.
ContributorsNelson, Tessa (Author) / Hunt Brendish, Katherine (Thesis advisor) / Prakash, Supraja (Committee member) / Altmaier, Fran (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
This master’s thesis reports on the experiences and understandings about coercion into human trafficking of activists working in the field. Trafficking exists as a wholly exploitative process which impacts both the psychological state of being of victims as well as their overall lived, day-to-day experience. A qualitative interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was utilized for this research to gain understanding of the experiences of activists working in the field of trafficking. Given IPA as the method of inquiry, emphasis was placed on achieving an understanding of the lived experiences of the participants. Using a semi-structured interview guide, six different activists in the field of human trafficking were interviewed to gain an understanding of the coercive methods of traffickers, the socio-political realities surrounding trafficking as well as an individualized understanding of what trafficking is like for the victims. The interviews were transcribed and coded for themes and subthemes according to the stipulations of IPA. Three themes emerged from this analysis on trafficking. The first theme addressed basic needs. Participants speak to how traffickers' primary method of recruitment centers around the supplication of basic needs otherwise not provided for. In the second theme, activists reported on the socio-political realities involving trafficking and how that impacts victim identification and recruitment into the life of trafficking. In the third theme, activists reported on the psychological consequences of trafficking during recruitment, being in traffic and once they get out of the life of trafficking and into rehabilitation.
ContributorsJoseph, Steven (Author) / Mean, Lindsey (Thesis advisor) / Taylor, Jameien (Thesis advisor) / Walker, Michael (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
Previous literature suggests that engineers are known for lacking communication skill and training, despite an illustrated need for it established by accredited engineering organizations. Limited research has been done to effectively include communication competencies in engineering education. The current study sought to identify what communication competencies research engineers need to function at a research and development center, and to develop recommendations for training for both university and workplace setting. This qualitative case study included semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 10 employees of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer’s premier research center: Engineer Research Development Center (ERDC). The sample consisted of six research engineers and four other allied professionals. The analysis indicated that engineers valued the three main competencies of collaboration, audience adaptation, and interpersonal understanding. These are built upon foundational skills, including oral and visual communication skills, written skills, and active listening skills. Results also showed that engineers preferred an integrated approach to engineer communication training and identified university courses and workplace trainings as two different sources of communication learning. Findings were consistent with two theories of communication learning: communication across the curriculum (CXC) and communication in the disciplines (CID). Practical applications are offered for educators in communication and engineering fields, as well as career development professionals.
ContributorsWallace, Kaylynne (Author) / Waldron, Vincent (Thesis advisor) / Lee, Nicole (Committee member) / Kassing, Jeffrey (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
Contracting is an integral component of both government (i.e., public) and private business. As part of the contracting process, contracting companies must submit proposals to federal agencies or private businesses; individuals who write proposals on behalf of contracting companies are known as proposal writers. Although proposal writers are central to the proposal writing process, they are only marginally represented in available literature on the contracting and proposal writing processes. Additionally, available literature is disproportionately influenced by industry and trade sources, versus academic sources, and completed by industry authorities. As a result, key findings from such reports may not reflect the feedback gathered as part of this research. This research utilized a 25-question survey with both multiple choice and free answer questions to gauge the most and least effective components of the proposal writing process. Communication and collaboration—internally within the proposal team or within the company, and externally between the company and customers, clients, etc.— were cited as both the most and least effective components of the process. Notably, however, communication and collaboration were not the most frequently encountered issues, as only 23.5% of proposal writers reported communication as a common issues. Instead, supporting resources (46.9%), time/ schedule (49.2%), and direction. instructions (44.9%) were reported as the most common issues that proposal writers encountered, although one in four participants noted that issues were not consistent across proposals.
ContributorsRast, Mickella (Author) / Mara, Andrew (Thesis advisor) / Stambler, Mollie (Committee member) / Madson, Michael (Committee member) / Lambrecht, Kathryn (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
Territoriality is seen across different species of animals anywhere, from birds, fish, and mammals to reptiles. Although many animals use several types of signals to defend their territories, signals in different sensory modalities have varying properties that may influence their effectiveness in different contexts. This study investigates whether male plateau fence lizards (Sceloporus tristichus) use chemical or visual behavior during territory defense. Both visual and chemical communication modalities inform the audience about the producer’s physiological condition. The results show no obvious tradeoff between visual and chemical modalities in the behavior recorded in the presence of another male lizard compared to when undisturbed, suggesting that these signals are not used in territory defense. An increased visual head bob display is the most common spiny lizard territory defense response to conspecific intruders. However, this is not always the case, as environmental and evolutionary constraints influence communication. This species does not perform typical territorial behavior. However, there was a significant increase in aggressive visual displays, called full shows, in the presence of the intruding live stimulus. An increase in full shows could be a less conspicuous way to defend their territory instead of performing an entire broadcasting head bob display while perched in an open/exposed habitat notably filled with predatory birds. This shows modification within one communication modality to result in more effective communication.
ContributorsGotschall, Gwendolyn (Author) / Martins, Emília P. (Thesis advisor) / Suriyampola, Piyumika S. (Committee member) / Ossip-Drahos, Alison G. (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
The field of technical communication studies informational documents, such as instruction manuals or research articles and so on. Games have instructions, or rules, which must be documented. Technical communication scholars have studied documents for video games, but similar research on tabletop rulebook documents appears to be mostly absent, an absence that creates a gap within technical communication research. Filling this gap, my work studies tabletop game rulebooks, which lie within the genre of instruction manuals. Technical communication has produced a theory of effective manual design, and I present much of that theory as, what I call, standards of effective manual design. I observed 30 tabletop game rulebooks to see how well they follow those standards, and I interviewed or surveyed people who played 15 of those games to see how effective the games’ rulebooks are for those people. This allowed me to see how well a rulebook’s adherence to the standards of effective manual design aligned with its effectiveness. This alignment did not always hold; consequently, though an effective rulebook follows the standards of effective manual design, a rulebook can follow said standards yet be ineffective. I conclude that following the standards is only a necessary, not sufficient, condition for making an effective rulebook. The standards must also be used in the correct way and amount.
ContributorsRiggleman, Mark Kenneth (Author) / Lambrecht, Kathryn (Thesis advisor) / Cooke, Lynne (Committee member) / Mara, Andrew (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024
Description
Online dating continues to be one of the most common ways people meet one another. Only in the last couple of years has information begun to show how these online sites and applications negatively affect their users. This study examines how the User Interface and User Experience (UI/UX) design of the dating app Tinder influences its users and its impact on their mental health and overall well-being. An online survey of 74 Tinder users between the ages of 18 and 35 was conducted, coded, and analyzed. The results of this study corroborate with previous research and claims that different User Interface and User Experience (UI/UX) elements within Tinder do impact and influence their users. The results also substantiate the research and claims that online dating and dating apps do impact their users in a predominantly negative manner. Overall, this study found that while dating apps can lend themselves to helping people find someone, they have the power to influence and negatively impact their users’ beliefs, mental health, and overall well-being.
ContributorsFroelich, Aleksandra Bombaci (Author) / Takamura, John (Thesis advisor) / Sharabi, Liesel (Committee member) / Gumus-Ciftci, Hazal (Committee member) / Shin, Dosun (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024