Filtering by
- All Subjects: Nutrition
- Creators: Ohri-Vachaspati, Punam
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Objective: To determine the consumption frequency of foods with added sugar among smoking groups: nonsmokers, cigarette smokers, vapers, and dual users in young adults ages 18-24.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted using an online Qualtrics survey that included questions on demographics, smoking habits, and added sugar content and was distributed across multiple platforms for 3 months. There were 47 qualifying participants that completed the survey.
Results: There were not many cigarette user or dual user respondents, so the groups studied were modified to nonsmokers and vapers+dual users (VDU) and nonsmokers vs. nicotine users that consisted of cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, and dual users. There were 30 (63.8%) nonsmokers, 16 (34.1%) VDU, and 17 or 36.2% of all nicotine users recorded. The added sugar consumption frequency by the three groups was similar with scores of 1.37, 1.50, and 1.54 for nonsmokers, vapers+dual users, and nicotine users, respectively.
Conclusion: There was a high number of reported vapers in this study, and nonsmokers had the lowest added sugar consumption frequency closely followed by the VDU and all nicotine users group. All groups studied had relatively low added sugar scores. More research is needed to successfully compare the added sugar content of the four intended groups.
Policy Implications: Anti-vaping policies should be targeted to this group.
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In 2020, approximately 55% of households facing food insecurity participated in one or more of the three largest federal nutrition assistance programs. Food insecurity rates have been relatively unchanged since 2019 but federal nutrition assistance programs have continued to see a decline in participation. Many families meet the income guidelines to participate in both the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) programs, yet almost half of those participants are not utilizing WIC. The WIC program is an essential safety net for low-income families to combat food insecurity and improve diet quality. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in household characteristics among families participating in SNAP only and households participating in both SNAP and WIC. Additionally, we examined potential barriers and facilitators to participating in WIC among WIC-eligible SNAP participants. Hispanics made up 40% of SNAP Only households and about 65% of SNAP and WIC. Households with a larger number of beneficiaries and those with an infant in the household were more likely to participate in both SNAP and WIC. The main barriers identified by respondents previously enrolled in WIC were a lack of knowledge regarding WIC eligibility and issues with appointments. The two most common misconceptions regarding WIC eligibility were being unaware that simultaneous enrollment in both programs was allowable, and being unaware that household members were still eligible for WIC services. For the facilitators toward WIC enrollment, more than half of respondents knew to enroll in WIC when they needed nutrition or breastfeeding assistance. Results from this study suggest the need for targeted outreach campaigns that highlight the possibility and benefits of dual participation in SNAP and WIC. Understanding how SNAP can increase enrollment in WIC demonstrates to policymakers the benefits of streamlining the certification process.
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