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- All Subjects: latent profile analysis
- Creators: Davis, Mary C.
- Creators: Edyburn, Kelly
- Member of: ASU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
- Member of: Theses and Dissertations
- Resource Type: Text
Description
Despite the strong link between pain and depressive symptoms, the mechanisms by which they are connected in the everyday lives of individuals with chronic pain are not well understood. In addition, previous investigations have tended to ignore biopsychosocial individual difference factors, assuming that all individuals respond to pain-related experiences and affect in the same manner. The present study tried to address these gaps in the existing literature. Two hundred twenty individuals with Fibromyalgia completed daily diaries during the morning, afternoon, and evening for 21 days. Findings were generally consistent with the hypotheses. Multilevel structural equation modeling revealed that morning pain and positive and negative affect are uniquely associated with morning negative pain appraisal, which in turn, is positively related to pain’s activity interference in the afternoon. Pain’s activity interference was the strongest predictor of evening depressive symptoms. Latent profile analysis using biopsychosocial measures identified three theoretically and clinically important subgroups (i.e., Low Functioning, Normative, and High Functioning groups). Although the daily pain-depressive symptoms link was not significantly moderated by these subgroups, individuals in the High Functioning group reported the lowest levels of average morning pain, negative affect, negative pain appraisal, afternoon pain’s activity interference, and evening depressive symptoms, and the highest levels of average morning positive affect across 21 days relative to the other two groups. The Normative group fared better on all measures than did the Low Functioning group. The findings of the present study suggest the importance of promoting morning positive affect and decreasing negative affect in disconnecting the within-day pain-depressive symptoms link, as well as the potential value of tailoring chronic pain interventions to those individuals who are in the greatest need.
ContributorsMun, Chung Jung (Author) / Karoly, Paul (Thesis advisor) / Davis, Mary C. (Thesis advisor) / Suk, Hye Won (Committee member) / Dishion, Thomas J (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2017
Description
Quality in early childhood education (ECE) is central to equitable child development and preparation for formal schooling and has been widely studied by researchers and of interest to policy makers. As the federal pre-k program, Head Start is a key ECE context to understand quality and its implications for equity. One central measure of classroom quality, the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS), is used in policy-making and funding decisions to study the impact of quality on children’s school readiness. The CLASS is a measure of teacher-child interactional quality, but measurement invariance across teacher race/ethnicity has yet to be examined for this measure in the published literature. Additionally, patterns of classroom quality and the sociocultural context of classrooms as predictors of children’s social skills and approaches to learning have yet to be examined. Using anti-racist early childhood education theory and a nationally representative Head Start sample, the Family and Child Experiences Survey 2009 cohort, I conducted two studies to address these gaps. In the first study, I investigated the measurement invariance of the CLASS across teacher race/ethnicity (Black, Latine, White). I found evidence of partial strong invariance, with only one non invariant parameter for Black teachers, suggesting that means may be compared across teacher race/ethnicity. However, the implications of these findings must be interpreted through an equity lens, and quality measures should work to include equity indicators explicitly. In the second study, I examined patterns of classroom quality indicated by the CLASS and 1) dual language learner (DLL) composition and 2) in combination with child demographics and teacher-child demographic match as predictors of school readiness outcomes. I found evidence of three profiles of classroom quality and DLL composition did not significantly predict profile membership. Further the profile with higher levels of negative climate and moderate emotional support and classroom organization negatively predicted child social skills and approaches to learning. Applying anti-racist ECE theory studies suggest that the CLASS does not sufficiently address equity in ECE, but may be used with Black, Latine, and White teachers and low quality should be addressed through intervention to prevent negative outcomes for children.
ContributorsAlexander, Brittany L. (Author) / Yoo, Hyung C (Thesis advisor) / Meek, Shantel (Thesis advisor) / Edyburn, Kelly (Committee member) / Herrera, Manuela J. (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
Interpersonal strain is linked with depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. Self-compassion is an emerging resilience construct that may be advantageous in navigating relationship strain by helping individuals respond to emotions in a kind and nonjudgmental way. Although theory and empirical evidence suggests that self-compassion is protective against the impact of stress on mental health outcomes, many studies have not investigated how self-compassion operates in the context of relationship strain. In addition, few studies have examined psychological or physiological mechanisms by which self-compassion protects against mental health outcomes, depression in particular. Thus, this study examined 1) the extent to which trait self-compassion buffers the relation between family strain and depressive symptoms, and 2) whether these buffering effects are mediated by hope and inflammatory processes (IL-6) in a sample of 762 middle-aged, community-dwelling adults. Results from structural equation models indicated that family strain was unrelated to depressive symptoms and the relation was not moderated by self-compassion. Hope, but not IL-6, mediated the relation between family strain and depressive symptoms and the indirect effect was not conditional on levels of self-compassion. Taken together, the findings suggest that family strain may lead individuals to experience less hope and subsequent increases in depressive symptoms, and further, that a self-compassionate attitude does not affect this relation. Implications for future self-compassion interventions are discussed.
ContributorsMistretta, Erin (Author) / Davis, Mary C. (Thesis advisor) / Karoly, Paul (Committee member) / Infurna, Frank (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019