Embryo Project Encyclopedia Articles

Hilde Mangold, previously Hilde Proescholdt, was a German embryologist and physiologist who became well known for research completed with Hans Spemann in the 1920s. As a graduate student, Mangold assisted Spemann and together they discovered and coined the term the "organizer." The organizer discovery was a crucial contribution to embryology that led to further understanding of the pattern of embryo differentiation of amphibians. Mangold's dissertation was connected to Spemann's Nobel Prize, but Mangold died early in life and was unable to witness the impact her research had on experimental embryology.