Theses and Dissertations
This collection includes both ASU Theses and Dissertations, submitted by graduate students, and the Barrett, Honors College theses submitted by undergraduate students.
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Description
Research on attachment in adults began by assuming parallels from attachment as a behavioral system for using relationships to balance the tradeoff between safety and exploration in infants, to the same tradeoff function in adults. Perhaps more pressing, for adults, are the novel social tradeoffs adults face when deciding how to invest resources between themselves and their close relationship partners. The current study investigated the role of the attachment system in navigating two such tradeoffs, in a sample of ASU undergraduates. In one tradeoff condition, participants had the option of working on puzzles to earn either themselves or their closest friend a monetary reward. In the second tradeoff condition, participants worked to earn monetary rewards for a close or new friend. Analyses showed no evidence of attachment avoidance predicting prioritizing redistributing money to a close friend in either condition. While there was no effect of anxiety on prioritizing one’s close friend over one’s self, there was a marginal effect in both prioritizing one’s close friend over a new friend when redistributing money and starting on the close friend’s word search first. Although attachment style largely did not predict earning or redistributing monetary rewards in these two relationship tradeoffs, implications for how these results fit within the broader theoretical perspective are discussed.
ContributorsYee, Claire (Author) / Shiota, Michelle N. (Thesis advisor) / Kenrick, Douglas T. (Committee member) / Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn (Committee member) / Luecken, Linda J. (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2018
Description
Effortful control (EC), the regulatory component of temperament, has been found to predict various types of developmental outcomes (Eisenberg et al., 2016). Parenting behaviors have been found to predict and be predicted by children’s EC. However, existing findings on the magnitude and direction of the relations between parenting behaviors and children’s EC are not conclusive. Thus, to help resolve replication crisis and obtain more comprehensive findings from both published and unpublished studies and from diverse populations, I conducted a meta-analysis of the existing literature focusing on the direction of effects and magnitude of the longitudinal relations between parenting behavior and children’s EC. In this work, two research questions were addressed: 1) What were the magnitudes of the prediction from parenting behaviors to later children’s EC, and of the prediction from children’s EC to later parenting behaviors? 2) If heterogeneity existed among relations between parenting behaviors and children’s EC, was the variance explained by a) publication status, and b) other moderators, such as sample characteristics, types of EC and parenting behaviors, and aspects of study design? Using 2506 effect sizes from 271 studies, I found significant small to moderate effect sizes for both the overall parent effect and the overall child effect. Further, heterogeneity existed among both the parent and the child effects. Moderators including child age, race and ethnicity, types of parenting behaviors, types of children's EC, method similarity of parenting versus EC, and consistency of informants were found to explain the heterogeneity of parent effects. Moderators including child age, child gender, family structure (i.e., whether the household has two parents), parent gender, types of parenting behaviors, the measurement of EC, method similarity of parenting versus EC, and consistency of informants were found to explain the heterogeneity of child effects. Based on results of the overall effects, tests of publication bias, and moderation analyses, I provided theoretical and methodological implications and related future directions. Strength, limitations, and implications for intervention studies or practices of the present review were also discussed.
ContributorsXu, Xiaoye (Author) / Spinrad, Tracy L (Thesis advisor) / Eisenberg, Nancy (Committee member) / Causadias, José M (Committee member) / Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022