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ABSTRACT ALEXANDRA CORVINO: The Threat of Piracy to the Film Industry and How to Combat Movie Theft Film piracy is defined as: Obtaining movies by either purchasing or acquiring an illegally produced VHS/DVD/VCD through a commercial source, making illegal copies for oneself, receiving from a personal source an illegal copy

ABSTRACT ALEXANDRA CORVINO: The Threat of Piracy to the Film Industry and How to Combat Movie Theft Film piracy is defined as: Obtaining movies by either purchasing or acquiring an illegally produced VHS/DVD/VCD through a commercial source, making illegal copies for oneself, receiving from a personal source an illegal copy of a legitimate VHS/DVD/VCD, downloading them from the Internet without paying, or acquiring hard copies of illegally downloaded movies. This work focuses on the effects of piracy on the film industry and methods to combat movie theft. Film piracy affects numerous facets of the entertainment industry, as well as numerous seemingly unrelated industries. Pirates can be anyone and everyone, as increasing technology makes it easier than ever to illegally obtain a copy of a film. Movie theft constitutes an immense threat to the financial structure of studios, the domestic and international economy, and the film industry in its entirety, including the careers of everyone involved. In addition, movie distributors are forced to change their strategies by utilizing the Internet, advanced technology, and the larger global economy, in order to make a profit. Finally, in order to ensure a film's worldwide success, Hollywood studios have to change their marketing techniques by participating in digital promotion and by catering to the international market. This work discusses a variety of methods that studios have implemented as an attempt to combat piracy, such as reducing the price of movies, educating consumers on the ethical dilemma, enforcing copyright laws, and utilizing advanced technology. However, none of their efforts have proved successful. In order to combat piracy once and for all, studios must restructure their business models entirely.
ContributorsCorvino, Alexandra Marie (Author) / Valenti, F. Miguel (Thesis director) / Trotta Valenti, Laurie (Committee member) / Bernstein, Gregory (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of International Letters and Cultures (Contributor) / Department of Finance (Contributor) / School of Theatre and Film (Contributor)
Created2013-05
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Chemoreception is an important method for an octopus to sense and react to its surroundings. However, the density of chemoreceptors within different areas of the skin of the octopus arm is poorly documented. In order to assess the relative sensitivity of various regions and the degree to which chemoreception is

Chemoreception is an important method for an octopus to sense and react to its surroundings. However, the density of chemoreceptors within different areas of the skin of the octopus arm is poorly documented. In order to assess the relative sensitivity of various regions and the degree to which chemoreception is locally controlled, octopus arms were amputated and exposed to acetic acid, a noxious chemical stimulus that has previously been shown to elicit movement responses in amputated arms (Hague et al., 2013). To test this, 11 wild-caught Octopus bimaculoides (6 females, 5 males) were obtained. Acetic acid vapor was introduced in the distal oral, distal aboral, proximal oral, and proximal aboral regions of amputated arms. The frequency of the occurrence of movement was first analyzed. For those trials in which movement occurred, the latency (delay between the stimulus and the onset of movement) and the duration of movement were analyzed. The distal aboral and distal oral regions were both more likely to move than either the proximal oral or proximal aboral regions (p < 0.0001), and when they did move, were more likely to move for longer periods of time (p < 0.05). In addition, the proximal oral region was more likely to exhibit a delay in the onset of movement compared to the distal oral or distal aboral regions (p < 0.0001). These findings provide evidence that the distal arm is most sensitive to noxious chemical stimuli. However, there were no significant differences between the distal oral and distal aboral regions, or between the proximal oral and proximal aboral regions. This suggests that there may not be a significant difference in the density of chemoreceptors in the aboral versus oral regions of the arm, contrary to claims in the literature. The other independent variables analyzed, including sex, body mass, arm length, anterior versus posterior arm identity, and left versus right arm identity, did not have a significant effect on any of the three dependent variables analyzed. Further analysis of the relative density of chemoreceptors in different regions of the octopus arm is merited.
ContributorsCasleton, Rachel Marie (Author) / Fisher, Rebecca (Thesis director) / Marvi, Hamidreza (Committee member) / Gire, David (Committee member) / School of International Letters and Cultures (Contributor) / School of Molecular Sciences (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2020-05