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Student capstone and applied projects from ASU's School of Sustainability.

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Adding a Soil Fertility Dimension to Locust and Grasshopper Management, a Case Study in West Africa

Description
In Senegal, West Africa, soils are a vital resource for livelihoods and food security in smallholder farming communities. Low nitrogen (N) soils pose obvious challenges for crop production but may also, counterintuitively, promote the abundance of agricultural pests like the Senegalese locust, Oedaleus senegalensis. In this study I investigated how…

In Senegal, West Africa, soils are a vital resource for livelihoods and food security in smallholder farming communities. Low nitrogen (N) soils pose obvious challenges for crop production but may also, counterintuitively, promote the abundance of agricultural pests like the Senegalese locust, Oedaleus senegalensis. In this study I investigated how the abundance of locusts and grasshoppers are impacted by soil fertility through plant nutrients and how these variables change across land use types. We worked in two rural farming villages in the Kaffrine region of Senegal. Overall, there was little variation in soil properties and an agricultural landscape low in soil organic matter (SOM) and inorganic soil nitrogen. I corroborated that SOM is a significant driver of soil inorganic N, which had a positive relationship to plant N content. Of the management practices we surveyed, fallowing fields was important for soil nutrient restoration and years spent fallow was significantly correlated to inorganic soil N and SOM. O. senegalensis was least abundant in groundnut areas where plant N was highest. Additionally, I found a significant negative correlation between O. senegalensis abundance and plant N, suggesting that plant nutrients are an important driver of their populations. Grasshoppers, excluding O. senegalensis, were more numerous in grazing areas and fallow areas, perhaps due to a higher diversity of ecological niches and host plants. These results connect land use, soil, and vegetation to herbivores and suggest that improving soil fertility could be used as an alternative to pesticides to keep locusts at bay and improve crop yields.
ContributorsWord, Mira (Author) / Hall, Sharon (Contributor) / Robinson, Brian (Contributor) / Manneh, Balanding (Contributor) / Beye, Alioune (Contributor) / Cease, Arianne (Contributor)
Created2018-04-10

GAIN Certification

Description

Live music venues have a tremendous impact on their community, both positive and negative. They provide a location for local and touring musicians to showcase their art in a controlled, professional setting, while bringing members of a community together to share an experience and blow off some steam. Inversely, the…

Live music venues have a tremendous impact on their community, both positive and negative. They provide a location for local and touring musicians to showcase their art in a controlled, professional setting, while bringing members of a community together to share an experience and blow off some steam. Inversely, the noise, waste, and influx of people can have detrimental impacts on the surrounding area, and a poorly designed and poorly run event can ruin a customer’s experience. By combining advice from experienced industry professionals with established strategies outlined in existing certifications like ISO, LEED, APEX/ASTM, etc., the GAIN Standard provides a practical roadmap for venues to save money; reduce their impact on their community and the planet; and deliver a better experience to their customers and employees.
ContributorsAubert, Joseph M. (Writer of accompanying material)
Created2020-05-13