The first step in this analysis was collecting relevant data which includes: location, electricity rates, energy consumption, and existing assets. The data was entered into a program called HOMER. HOMER is a program which analyzes an electrical system and determines the best configuration and usage of assets to get the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE). In HOMER, five different analyses were performed. They reviewed the hospital’s energy usage over 25 years: the current situation, one of the current situation with added solar panels, and another where the solar panels have single axis tracking. The other two analyses created incentives to have more solar panels, one situation with net metering, and one with a sellback rate of 0.03 $/kWh. The result of the analysis concluded that the ideal situation would have solar panels with a capacity of 300 kW, and the LCOE in this situation will be 0.153 $/kWh. The analysis shows that investing in solar panels will save the hospital approximately $65,500 per year, but the initial investment of $910,000 only allows for a total savings of $61,253 over the life of the project. The analysis also shows that if the electricity company, Sonabel, eventually buys back electricity then net metering would be more profitable than reselling electricity for the hospital.
Solar panels will help the hospital save money over time, but they will not stop power outages from happening at the hospital. For the outages to stop affecting the hospital’s operations they will have to invest in an uninterrupted power supply (UPS). The UPS will power the hospital for the time between when the power goes out and when their generators are turning on which makes it an essential investment. This will stop outages from affecting the hospital, and if the power goes out during the day then the solar panels can help supplement the energy production which will take some of the strain from their generators.
The results of this study will be sent to officials at the hospital and they can decide if the large initial investment justifies the savings. If the solar panels and UPS can save one life, then maybe the large initial investment is worth it.
There are approximately 300 unelectrified villages in Fiji. These villages are scattered across the many islands of Fiji and lack a connection to the main electrical grid, which is only available on the islands of Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. Mini-grids and solar home systems are effective options for rural electrification that cannot be reached through grid extension. This work completes data acquisition, modeling, and technical and financial analysis to design mini-grid systems for remote communities. These designs are compared and tested against generation outages, storm simulations and carbon emission reduction. Having backup diesel generators provides an easy solution to the issue of resiliency during storms or expected maintenance though creates more emissions than solar-only or hybrid counterparts. Systems with net zero carbon emissions are also considered to be realistic options if these align closer to project goals and are seen to be reliable for up to a week with limited solar irradiance. An assessment was also completed of components locally available to build the systems.
Abstract:
Cascading failures across a network propagate localized issues to more broad and potentially unexpected failures in the network. In power networks, where load must be delivered in real-time by a generation source, network layout is an important part of cascading failure analysis. In lieu of real power network data protected for security reasons, we can use synthetic networks for academic purposes in developing a validating methodology. A contingency analysis technique is used to identify cascading failures, and this involves randomly selecting initial failure points in the network and observing how current violations propagate across the network. This process is repeated many times to understand the breadth of potential failures that may occur, and the observed trends in failure propagation are analyzed and compared to generate recommendations to prevent and adapt to failure. Emphasis is placed on power transmission networks where failures can be more catastrophic.
One answer to the lack of general knowledge for alternative energy and integration topics is seen in the workforce development content Laboratory of Energy and Power Solutions has generated for the past 6 years. LEAPS is a world-changing organization that provides both technical and business solutions in areas of grid modernization, workforce development, and global energy access that facilitates the global transition to a resilient, low-carbon economy. This paper will aim to explain the contributions of David Hobgood, an Arizona State University senior, to LEAPS workforce development content through the course of the Spring 2022 semester. This paper goes into detail on the process of completing this educational content, amplifies key aspect, and presents the results of a two week pilot that presented the generated content.