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ABSTRACT The elephant tree, Bursera microphylla, is at the northern limit of its range in central Arizona. This species is sensitive to frost damage thus limiting its occurrence in more northern areas of the southwest. Marginal populations of B. microphylla are found in mountain ranges of Central Arizona and are

ABSTRACT The elephant tree, Bursera microphylla, is at the northern limit of its range in central Arizona. This species is sensitive to frost damage thus limiting its occurrence in more northern areas of the southwest. Marginal populations of B. microphylla are found in mountain ranges of Central Arizona and are known to occur in the rugged mountain range system of the South Mountain Municipal Park (SMMP). Little is known of the distribution of this species within the park and details relevant to the health of both individual plants and the population such as diameter and number of trunks, height, and presence of damage have not been examined. This study was designed, in part, to test the hypothesis that favorable microhabitats at SMMP are created by particular combinations of abiotic features including aspect, slope, elevation and solar radiation. Data on abiotic factors, as well as specific individual plant locations and characteristics were obtained for 100 individuals. Temperature data was collected in vertical transects at different altitudinal levels. Some of these data were used in spatial analyses to generate a habitat suitability model using GIS software. Furthermore, collected data was analyzed using Matlab© software to identify potential trends in the variation of morphological traits. In addition, for comparative purposes similar information at one hundred computer-generated randomly chosen points throughout SMMP was obtained. The GIS spatial analyses indicated that aspect, slope, elevation, and relative solar radiance are strongly associated as major climatic components of the microhabitat of B. microphylla. Temperature data demonstrated that there are significant differences in ambient temperature among different altitudinal gradients with middle elevations being more favorable. Furthermore, analyses performed using Matlab© to explore trends of elevation as a factor indicated that multiple trunk plants are more commonly found at higher elevations than single trunk plants, there is a positive correlation of trunk diameter with elevation, and that canopy volume has a negative correlation with respect to elevation. It was concluded that microhabitats where B. microphylla occurs at the northern limit of its range require a particular combination of abiotic features that can be easily altered by climatic changes.
ContributorsCordova, Cesar, M.S (Author) / Steele, Kelly P. (Thesis advisor) / Tridane, Abdessaman (Committee member) / Miller, William (Committee member) / Brady, Ward (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2011
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Description

Though invisible from our vision, and often from our minds as a result, the quality of the air around us has immense impacts on the health of the environment and our populations. Typically, defined by the presence of three main pollutants, particulate matter 10, particulate matter 2.5, and ozone, air

Though invisible from our vision, and often from our minds as a result, the quality of the air around us has immense impacts on the health of the environment and our populations. Typically, defined by the presence of three main pollutants, particulate matter 10, particulate matter 2.5, and ozone, air quality can be highly localized. Because of this, some communities can be hit harder by air quality issues. The South Mountain Village is an example of a community that is being drastically impacted by issues of air quality. Even though air pollution can have an array of causes that are difficult to pin-point, the impacts that it has on human health and quality of life are just the opposite. Consistent exposure to polluted air can result in short term health effects such as discomfort and shortness of breath along with longer term effects such as asthma and lung cancer. Areas with higher concentrations of pollutants in the air often see an increase in the health issues mentioned. In the case of the South Mountain area, there are many direct and indirect sources of the issue. The area has a higher than average amount of industry such as metal and plastic manufacturing, and the residences are mixed right in with these. Additionally, the area has less wealth and a higher population of racial minorities. These two things are not coincidences, as air quality is an environmental issue that is highly systemic. This thesis project will surround the process of developing and implementing ideas to mitigate the negative effects of air quality in the area, as well as exploring sources of the issue -- both scientific and historic. Project ideas ranging from technology to policies will be considered and investigated in order to produce feasible and actionable plans.

ContributorsStokman, Marie (Author) / Alvarez, Kaitlyn (Co-author) / Aguilar, Paula (Co-author) / Hedges, Craig (Thesis director) / Reeves, James (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of Sustainable Engineering & Built Envirnmt (Contributor) / Industrial, Systems & Operations Engineering Prgm (Contributor)
Created2022-05