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Effect of Climate Change on Arizona Roadway Drainage Infrastructure

Description
There has been much work done predicting the effects of climate change on transportation systems, this research parallels that past work and focuses on the effect of changes in precipitation on roadway drainage systems. On a macro level, this work addresses the process that should be taken to make predictions…

There has been much work done predicting the effects of climate change on transportation systems, this research parallels that past work and focuses on the effect of changes in precipitation on roadway drainage systems. On a macro level, this work addresses the process that should be taken to make predictions about the vulnerability of this system due to changes in precipitation. This work also addresses the mechanisms of failure of these drainage systems and how they may be affected by changes in precipitation due to climate change. These changes may entail more frequent failure by certain mechanisms, or a shift in the mechanisms for particular infrastructure. A sample water basin in the urban environment of Phoenix, Arizona is given as a case study. This study looks at the mechanisms of failure of the infrastructure therein, as well as provides a process of analyzing the effects of increases in precipitation to the vulnerability of this infrastructure. It was found that drainage structures at roadways being currently designed will see increases from 20-30% in peak discharge, which will lead to increased frequency of failure.
ContributorsHolt, Nathan Thomas (Author) / Chester, Mikhail V (Thesis director) / Mascaro, Giuseppe (Committee member) / Underwood, Benjamin S. (Committee member) / Civil, Environmental and Sustainable Engineering Programs (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2016-12

Phosphate Product Recovery in Human Urine using Metal Chlorides

Description
Phosphate is a necessary and soon to be scarce nutrient needed for all life that is found in urine. Metal chlorides can be used to extract phosphate that can be converted into useful products, namely struvite a fertilizer. Different metal chlorides’ phosphate removal ability in urine were measured by testing…

Phosphate is a necessary and soon to be scarce nutrient needed for all life that is found in urine. Metal chlorides can be used to extract phosphate that can be converted into useful products, namely struvite a fertilizer. Different metal chlorides’ phosphate removal ability in urine were measured by testing a molar equivalent amount of metal chloride tested at 5 minutes and 24 hours in duplicate. Phosphate removal was calculated using spectrophotometry and compared across the metal chlorides in a simulation in Visual MINTEQ, simple synthetic, full synthetic, and real urine for fresh and hydrolyzed urine. It was found that simple and full fresh synthetic urine had comparable results, but synthetic urine and real urine did not. It was also found that simple and full hydrolyzed synthetic urine are not very comparable. Overall, there was more precipitation in the real urine than the full synthetic urine and hydrolyzed urine. Time did not have a large effect on the removal trends between the same type of urine. CeCl3 performed the best for both fresh and hydrolyzed urine, and struvite produced more in hydrolyzed real urine rather than fresh.
ContributorsTripathi, Vedika (Author) / Boyer, Treavor (Thesis director) / Crane, Lucas (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of Sustainable Engineering & Built Envirnmt (Contributor)
Created2023-12