Matching Items (2)
Description
This autoethnography is the culmination of years of migraine research and self-experimentation with alternative medicine to treat Hemiplegic Migraine (HM). HM is a rare phenomenon that is commonly misdiagnosed as a stroke or epilepsy disorder since the symptoms can include partial unilateral paralysis or weakness, visual disturbances, unilateral headache, vomiting, and trouble speaking. There is no known cure for HM, and current migraine medications can be accompanied by adverse side effects at an expensive cost. Alternative medicine, such as dietary supplementation, meditation, and positive thinking are potential options for working in relationship with HM episodes. This thesis explores HM as a personally transformative experience by learning to grow from pain.
ContributorsSchramm, Emily (Author) / Cloutier, Scott (Thesis director) / Brewer, Gene (Committee member) / School of Life Sciences (Contributor) / Dean, W.P. Carey School of Business (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2020-05
Description
Studies using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance motor training areoften irreproducible. This may be partly due to differences in stimulation parameters across
studies, but it is also plausible that uncontrolled placebo effects may interact with the true
‘treatment’ effect of tDCS. Thus, the purpose of this study was to test whether there was a
placebo effect of tDCS on motor training and to identify possible mechanisms of such an effect.
Fifty-one participants (age: 22.2 ± 4.16; 26 F) were randomly assigned to one of three groups:
active anodal tDCS (n=18), sham tDCS (n=18), or no stimulation control (n=15). Participant
expectations about how much tDCS could enhance motor function and their general suggestibility
were assessed. Participants then completed 30 trials of functional upper extremity motor training
with or without online tDCS. Stimulation (20-min, 2mA) was applied to the right primary motor
cortex (C4) in a double-blind, sham-controlled fashion, while the control group was unblinded and
not exposed to any stimulation. Following motor training, expectations about how much tDCS
could enhance motor function were assessed again for participants in the sham and active tDCS
groups only. Results showed no effect of active tDCS on motor training (p=.67). However, there
was a significant placebo effect, such that the collapsed sham and active tDCS groups improved
more during motor training than the control group (p=.02). This placebo effect was significantly
influenced by post-training expectations about tDCS (p=.0004). Thus, this exploratory study
showed that there is a measurable placebo effect of tDCS on motor training, likely driven by
participants’ perceptions of whether they received stimulation. Future studies should consider
placebo effects of tDCS and identify their underlying mechanisms in order to leverage them in
clinical care.
ContributorsHAIKALIS, NICOLE (Author) / Schaefer, Sydney Y (Thesis advisor) / Honeycutt, Claire (Committee member) / Daliri, Ayoub (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022