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- Genre: Masters Thesis
Description
The world of healthcare can be seen as dynamic, often an area where technology and science meet to consummate a greater good for humanity. This relationship has been working well for the last century as evident by the average life expectancy change. For the greater of the last five decades the average life expectancy at birth increased globally by almost 20 years. In the United States specifically, life expectancy has grown from 50 years in 1900 to 78 years in 2009. That is a 76% increase in just over a century. As great as this increase sounds for humanity it means there are soon to be real issues in the healthcare world. A larger older population will need more healthcare services but have fewer young professionals to provide those services. Technology and science will need to continue to push the boundaries in order to develop and provide the solutions needed to continue providing the aging world population sufficient healthcare. One solution sure to help provide a brighter future for healthcare is mobile health (m-health). M-health can help provide a means for healthcare professionals to treat more patients with less work expenditure and do so with more personalized healthcare advice which will lead to better treatments. This paper discusses one area of m-health devices specifically; human breath analysis devices. The current laboratory methods of breath analysis and why these methods are not adequate for common healthcare practices will be discussed in more detail. Then more specifically, mobile breath analysis devices are discussed. The topic will encompass the challenges that need to be met in developing such devices, possible solutions to these challenges, two real examples of mobile breath analysis devices and finally possible future directions for m-health technologies.
ContributorsLester, Bryan (Author) / Forzani, Erica (Thesis advisor) / Xian, Xiaojun (Committee member) / Trimble, Steve (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2012
Description
Obesity has consistently presented a significant challenge, with excess body fat contributing to the development of numerous severe conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and various musculoskeletal disorders. In this study, different methods are proposed to study substrate utilization (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) in the human body and validate the biomarkers enabling to investigation of weight management and monitor metabolic health. The first technique to study was Indirect calorimetry, which assessed Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) and measured parameters like oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2). A validation study was conducted to study the effectiveness of the medical device Breezing Med determining REE, VO2, and VCO2. The results were compared with correlation slopes and regression coefficients close to 1. Indirect Calorimetry can be used to determine carbohydrate and fat utilization but it requires additional correction for protein utilization. Protein utilization can be studied by analyzing urinary nitrogen. Therefore, a secondary technique was studied for identifying urea and ammonia concentration in human urine samples. Along this line two methods for detecting urea were explored, a colorimetric technique and it was validated against the Ion-Selective method. The results were then compared by correlation analysis of urine samples measured with both methods simultaneously curves. The equations for fat, carb, and protein oxidation, involving VO2, VCO2 consumption, and urinary nitrogen were implemented and validated, using the above-described methods in a human subject study with 16 subjects. The measurements included diverse diets (normal vs. high fat/protein) in normal energy balance and pre-/post interventions of exercise, fasting, and a high-fat meal. It can be concluded that the indirect calorimetry portable method in conjunction with urine urea methods are important to help the understanding of substrate utilization in human subjects, and therefore, excellent tools to contribute to the treatments and interventions of obesity and overweighted populations.
ContributorsPradhan, Ayushi (Author) / Forzani, Erica (Thesis advisor) / Lind, Mary Laura (Committee member) / Wang, Shaopeng (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
This study uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to analyze the
dependence of wind power potential and turbulence intensity on aerodynamic design of a
special type of building with a nuzzle-like gap at its rooftop. Numerical simulations using
ANSYS Fluent are carried out to quantify the above-mentioned dependency due to three
major geometric parameters of the building: (i) the height of the building, (ii) the depth of
the roof-top gap, and (iii) the width of the roof-top gap. The height of the building is varied
from 8 m to 24 m. Likewise, the gap depth is varied from 3 m to 5 m and the gap width
from 2 m to 4 m. The aim of this entire research is to relate these geometric parameters of
the building to the maximum value and the spatial pattern of wind power potential across
the roof-top gap. These outcomes help guide the design of the roof-top geometry for wind
power applications and determine the ideal position for mounting a micro wind turbine.
From these outcomes, it is suggested that the wind power potential is greatly affected by
the increasing gap width or gap depth. It, however, remains insensitive to the increasing
building height, unlike turbulence intensity which increases with increasing building
height. After performing a set of simulations with varying building geometry to quantify
the wind power potential before the installation of a turbine, another set of simulations is
conducted by installing a static turbine within the roof-top gap. The results from the latter
are used to further adjust the estimate of wind power potential. Recommendations are made
for future applications based on the findings from the numerical simulations.
dependence of wind power potential and turbulence intensity on aerodynamic design of a
special type of building with a nuzzle-like gap at its rooftop. Numerical simulations using
ANSYS Fluent are carried out to quantify the above-mentioned dependency due to three
major geometric parameters of the building: (i) the height of the building, (ii) the depth of
the roof-top gap, and (iii) the width of the roof-top gap. The height of the building is varied
from 8 m to 24 m. Likewise, the gap depth is varied from 3 m to 5 m and the gap width
from 2 m to 4 m. The aim of this entire research is to relate these geometric parameters of
the building to the maximum value and the spatial pattern of wind power potential across
the roof-top gap. These outcomes help guide the design of the roof-top geometry for wind
power applications and determine the ideal position for mounting a micro wind turbine.
From these outcomes, it is suggested that the wind power potential is greatly affected by
the increasing gap width or gap depth. It, however, remains insensitive to the increasing
building height, unlike turbulence intensity which increases with increasing building
height. After performing a set of simulations with varying building geometry to quantify
the wind power potential before the installation of a turbine, another set of simulations is
conducted by installing a static turbine within the roof-top gap. The results from the latter
are used to further adjust the estimate of wind power potential. Recommendations are made
for future applications based on the findings from the numerical simulations.
ContributorsKailkhura, Gargi (Author) / Huang, Huei-Ping (Thesis advisor) / Rajagopalan, Jagannathan (Committee member) / Forzani, Erica (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2017