The concept of entrainment broadly applies the locking of phases between 2 independent systems [17]. This physical phenomenon can be applied to modify neuromuscular movement in humans during bipedal locomotion. Gait entrainment to robotic devices have shown great success as alternatives to labor intensive methods of rehabilitation. By applying additional torque at the ankle joint, previous studies have exhibited consistent gait entrainment to both rigid and soft robotic devices. This entrainment is characterized by consistent phase locking of plantarflexion perturbations to the ‘push off’ event within the gait cycle. However, it is unclear whether such phase locking can be attributed to the plantarflexion assistance from the device or the sensory stimulus of movement at the ankle. To clarify the mechanism of entrainment, an experiment was designed to expose the user to a multitude of varying torques applied at the ankle to assist with plantar flexion. In this experiment, no significant difference in success of subject entrainment occurred when additional torque applied was greater than a detectable level. Force applied at the ankle varied from ~60N to ~130N. This resulted in successful entrainment ~88\% of the time at 98 N, with little to no increase in success as force increased thereafter. Alternatively, success of trials decreased significantly as force was reduced below this level, causing the perturbations to become undetectable by participants. Ultimately this suggests that higher levels of actuator pressure, and thus greater levels of torque applied to the foot, do not increase the likelihood of entrainment during walking. Rather, the results of this study suggest that proper detectable sensory stimulus is the true mechanism for entrainment.

The goal of themed entertainment is to use activities and environments to tell a story and immerse the guest in a novel experience. By applying these concepts to nonfiction and educational topics, the concept of edutainment is created. In recent years museums have begun utilizing the concept of edutainment and techniques typically found in themed entertainment experiences to capture the attention and focus of guests and create experiences that connect emotionally with them. My goal in this thesis pathway project was to investigate this trend and technique of connecting with an audience and apply it to the STEAMtank project within ASU’s Innovation Space. The goal of STEAMtank is to design and fabricate children’s STEAM museum exhibits in two semesters with focus on accessible design. My team conducted research and interviews exploring current market trends in theme parks and museums, best practice designs and operations, and interests of children to develop the concept for our exhibit, Gust of Dust, which was then fine-tuned, constructed, and installed in the STEAMtank Exhibit Space. Gust of Dust is an exciting exhibit demonstrating the power of a haboob that was developed from preconcept to installation in under a year by two determined and talented interdisciplinary teams. Learning about haboobs connect concepts of environmentalism, earth science, and safety to real concepts in children’s lives.