Polar Hydration is a company whose mission is to combat the risk of dehydration in cold climates and inspire the adventurer with all of us. Through ASU’s Founders Lab and a partnership with NASA, we set out to take NASA patented technology and develop a business plan through gauging public interest via surveys and interviews, and implementing a marketing strategy based on those results. Our product consists of a freeze-resistant hydration pack which uses insulation and electronics to actively heat its water contents and prevent freezing. With outdoor activities, the colder the weather the higher the risk of dehydration. This is due to the intake of colder dryer air as well as it being harder to recognize that you are losing liquids through sweat as it is in warmer climates. In winter sports such as skiing and snowboarding as well as colder conditions for hiking and hunting, this can become a huge problem as water is not readily available. That’s why, at Polar Hydration, we took NASA patented technology to design our freeze-resistant hydration pack. It’s designed like most other hydration packs, consisting of a backpack with a plastic bladder holding water and straw to drink from, but with additional layers of insulation and electronics to prevent water from freezing. With this, we will combat dehydration and inspire the adventurer within all of us.

For our Founders Lab Thesis Project, we are investigating the viability of a cryptocurrency that will be marketed towards students, prospective students, alumni, and faculty members of Arizona State University (ASU). Our cryptocurrency is known as “Hippocampus”. Essentially, individuals within the target audience will have the opportunity to exchange their fiat money for our university-affiliated cryptocurrency. These individuals will be incentivized to utilize the university-affiliated cryptocurrency as opposed to fiat money, because this cryptocurrency will offer them discounts on college-related expenses, such as tuition, student loans, textbooks, supplies, on-campus housing, on-campus dining, and much more. As the demand for Hippocampus increases, so will its value, which will benefit ASU as a whole. We created a Spring 2022 Semester Survey and surveyed a sample of 250 ASU students regarding the viability of our Founders Lab Thesis Project. 73.2% of participants revealed that they would support a university-affiliated cryptocurrency, and 62% of participants revealed that they would personally utilize a university-affiliated cryptocurrency. Additional activities that we completed to enhance our Founders Lab Thesis Project include interviewing an avid cryptocurrency user, learning about the Blockchain Research Lab, meeting with a financial advisor to understand the financial implications of a university-affiliated cryptocurrency, collaborating with a group of university students at Portland State University who implemented their own university-affiliated crypcorreucy, and touring a cryptocurrency-mining company to grasp an understanding of how cryptocurrency is mined.

This story ---Under Still Faces--- is a horror fiction story. It is influenced primarily by classic, gothic literature with themes from the horror and true crime genres. The story includes critical/theoretical concepts, literary devices, and techniques from gothic literature primarily including Freud’s Uncanny, uneven framing, and an unreliable narrator. It employs themes from Edgar Allan Poe’s novels as well as his thesis regarding plot in The Philosophy of Composition. Particular descriptive themes in conjunction with the use of gothic elements surprise the reader about the story’s true ending similar to Poe’s The Oval Portrait. Included is an analysis of the literary decisions made in the piece to evoke specific reactions and feelings from the reader.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) and their signaling pathways play an important role in mediating vascular health and function. Upon ligand mediated activation, S1PRs 1-5 couple with diverse heterotrimeric G-protein subunits (Gαi, Gαq/11, Gα12/13), initiating multimodal downstream signaling pathways which result in various physiological outcomes in the vasculature, including cell proliferation and migration, barrier integrity preservation or loss, contraction, and inflammation. Specifically, S1PR2 activation has been linked to endothelial activation, barrier integrity loss, and inflammation, whereas S1PR1 activation contributes to barrier integrity preservation, vasodilation, and anti-inflammatory properties. Although the role of S1PRs during pathophysiological conditions such as acute ischemic stroke is under current investigation, the complete S1PR expression profile in the cerebrovasculature following acute ischemic injury has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the present study was aimed to characterize the expression profiles of S1PRs 1-5 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and human brain vascular smooth muscle cells (HBVSMCs) following 3h hypoxia plus glucose deprivation (HGD; in vitro ischemic injury) exposure. At the mRNA level, we observed expression of S1PRs 1-5 in HBVSMCs and S1PRs 1-4 in HBMECs. Under basal conditions, we employed real-time RT-PCR and observed that mRNA levels of S1PR1 were highest in expression followed by S1PR3 then S1PR2 in HBMECs. On the other hand, S1PR3 mRNA was the highest followed by S1PR2 then S1PR1 in HBVSMCs. In HBMECs, HGD exposure increased S1PR1 mRNA and protein levels, but decreased S1PR1 mRNA in HBVSMCs. Similarly, HGD induced increased S1PR3 mRNA in HBMECs and decreased S1PR3 mRNA in HBVSMCs. For S1PR2, HGD did not alter mRNA or protein expression in HBMECs but increased mRNA levels in HBVSMCs. These data suggest that acute exposure to HGD appears to differentially regulate expression of S1PRs in HBMECs and HBVSMCs. The differential expression in S1PRs both basally and following HGD exposure may suggest distinct signaling mechanisms at play within the two cerebrovascular cell types, implicating these receptors as potential therapeutic targets following ischemic injury.

This study will research public perceptions of life without parole (LWOP) for juvenile offenders by gauging levels of support for juvenile LWOP adult LWOP. It will also focus on if there is a certain age that the public feels are appropriate to sentence a juvenile to LWOP. A nationally representative sample of adult and youth will be used to gauge opinions using a randomized controlled vignette study design to measure support or lack thereof for juvenile LWOP. Results will identify how much the public supports LWOP for adult and juvenile offenders, as well as the youngest age person can be before receiving and LWOP sentence. Furthermore, the results will indicate if individuals believe these specific factors are enough to eliminate juvenile LWOP.