Matching Items (997)
Description
Online product ratings offer consumers information about products. In this dissertation, I explore how the design of the rating system impacts consumers’ sharing behavior and how different players are affected by rating mechanisms. The first two chapters investigate how consumers choose to share their experiences of different attributes, how their preferences are reflected in numerical ratings and textual reviews, whether and how multi-dimensional rating systems affect consumer satisfaction through product ratings, and whether and how multi-dimensional rating systems affect the interplay between numerical ratings and textual reviews. The identification strategy of the observational study hinges on a natural experiment on TripAdvisor when the website reengineered its rating system from single-dimensional to multi-dimensional in January 2009. Rating data on the same set of restaurants from Yelp, were used to identify the causal effect using a difference-in-difference approach. Text mining skills were deployed to identify potential topics from textual reviews when consumers didn’t provide dimensional ratings in both SD and MD systems. Results show that ratings in a single-dimensional rating system have a downward trend and a higher dispersion, whereas ratings in a multi-dimensional rating system are significantly higher and convergent. Textual reviews in MDR are in greater width and depth than textual reviews in SDR. The third chapter tries to uncover how the introduction of monetary incentives would influence different players in the online e-commerce market in the short term and in the long run. These three studies together contribute to the understanding of rating system/mechanism designs and different players in the online market.
ContributorsLiu, Ying (Author) / Chen, Pei-Yu (Thesis advisor) / Hong, Yili (Thesis advisor) / Gu, Bin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2018
Description
Due to the growing popularity of the Internet and smart mobile devices, massive data has been produced every day, particularly, more and more users’ online behavior and activities have been digitalized. Making a better usage of the massive data and a better understanding of the user behavior become at the very heart of industrial firms as well as the academia. However, due to the large size and unstructured format of user behavioral data, as well as the heterogeneous nature of individuals, it leveled up the difficulty to identify the SPECIFIC behavior that researchers are looking at, HOW to distinguish, and WHAT is resulting from the behavior. The difference in user behavior comes from different causes; in my dissertation, I am studying three circumstances of behavior that potentially bring in turbulent or detrimental effects, from precursory culture to preparatory strategy and delusory fraudulence. Meanwhile, I have access to the versatile toolkit of analysis: econometrics, quasi-experiment, together with machine learning techniques such as text mining, sentiment analysis, and predictive analytics etc. This study creatively leverages the power of the combined methodologies, and apply it beyond individual level data and network data. This dissertation makes a first step to discover user behavior in the newly boosting contexts. My study conceptualize theoretically and test empirically the effect of cultural values on rating and I find that an individualist cultural background are more likely to lead to deviation and more expression in review behaviors. I also find evidence of strategic behavior that users tend to leverage the reporting to increase the likelihood to maximize the benefits. Moreover, it proposes the features that moderate the preparation behavior. Finally, it introduces a unified and scalable framework for delusory behavior detection that meets the current needs to fully utilize multiple data sources.
ContributorsLi, Chunxiao (Author) / Gu, Bin (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Pei-Yu (Committee member) / Xiong, Hui (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description理性决策理论基于“完全理性”假定，追求帕累托最优即个体的利益最大化。但是实际决策过程中，人的行为具备“有意识的理性，但这种理性又是有限的”，投资者也是并不是完全理性、同质的。海外投资也是如此，其背景特征诸如地域、性格、年龄、财富等特征都会对海外投资决策产生重大的影响，其程度大小势必也会因投资者背景特征的差异有所不同。考虑到投资者风险偏好与海外投资活动的关系鲜有文献涉及，笔者愿意做“第一个吃螃蟹的人”，选取该视角展开论述。
本文首先对前人的研究进行总结，概述了风险偏好的理论和偏好水平的度量办法，并总结了风险偏好对海外投资影响的理论基础，即决策理论和有限理性与行为经济学理论，为本文的研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。
其次，开展了问卷调查，对小城市城镇人群、二三线大城市人群、一线大城市人群、海外华人群体等不同地域的25-60岁之间的人群作为调查对象，回收了有效问卷3748份，并就问卷结果进行了描述性分析。发现跨地域人群有着不同的投资需求，小城市城镇人群整体来说对于海外投资需求较低；二三线大城市人群对海外投资不抗拒且具备一定研究和分析能力；一线大城市人群26%已考虑移民或大量海外投资，对海外投资产品有很强的分析能力；海外华人群体38%已考虑移民或大量海外投资，对于各类海外投资产品的接触机会很多。
再次，本文对风险偏好水平进行综合评价和度量。在此基础上，设定了研究变量和研究模型，采用回归分析的方法，对跨地域人群风险偏好、跨地域人群风险偏好对海外投资影响两块进行了实证分析，并验证了相关假设。本文认为，跨地域人群具有较为明显的风险偏好，其中一线城市人群风险偏好最高，高于海外华人群体，高于二三线大城市人群和小城市城镇人群。基于教育水平、财富程度和信息获取的风险偏好对海外投资影响的实证分析结果显示，风险偏好越高的区域，海外投资总额越多。充分验证了跨地域人群不同的风险偏好，以及风险偏好对海外投资的显著正向影响关系。最后，本文针对实证结果提出了相应的对策建议。
本文首先对前人的研究进行总结，概述了风险偏好的理论和偏好水平的度量办法，并总结了风险偏好对海外投资影响的理论基础，即决策理论和有限理性与行为经济学理论，为本文的研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。
其次，开展了问卷调查，对小城市城镇人群、二三线大城市人群、一线大城市人群、海外华人群体等不同地域的25-60岁之间的人群作为调查对象，回收了有效问卷3748份，并就问卷结果进行了描述性分析。发现跨地域人群有着不同的投资需求，小城市城镇人群整体来说对于海外投资需求较低；二三线大城市人群对海外投资不抗拒且具备一定研究和分析能力；一线大城市人群26%已考虑移民或大量海外投资，对海外投资产品有很强的分析能力；海外华人群体38%已考虑移民或大量海外投资，对于各类海外投资产品的接触机会很多。
再次，本文对风险偏好水平进行综合评价和度量。在此基础上，设定了研究变量和研究模型，采用回归分析的方法，对跨地域人群风险偏好、跨地域人群风险偏好对海外投资影响两块进行了实证分析，并验证了相关假设。本文认为，跨地域人群具有较为明显的风险偏好，其中一线城市人群风险偏好最高，高于海外华人群体，高于二三线大城市人群和小城市城镇人群。基于教育水平、财富程度和信息获取的风险偏好对海外投资影响的实证分析结果显示，风险偏好越高的区域，海外投资总额越多。充分验证了跨地域人群不同的风险偏好，以及风险偏好对海外投资的显著正向影响关系。最后，本文针对实证结果提出了相应的对策建议。
ContributorsWan, Jianying (Author) / Chen, Pei-Yu (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Xinlei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description近些年来，我国城市化进程不断加快，到2020年我国常住人口城镇化率将达到60%左右，户籍人口城镇化率将会达到45%左右。伴随着我国城市化进程的高速推进以及经济水平的不断提高，公共物品及服务的需求程度加大，政府单独出资建设公共项目会导致资金不足、经营管理效率低下等问题。与此同时，我国当前不同层级地方政府的政府性债务都达到了一个非常高的水平，截至2017年末，中国地方政府债务16.47万亿元，债务率（债务余额/综合财力）为76.5%，其中地方负有偿还责任的债务约12.9万亿，地方政府性债务的控制和转化成为经济新常态下重要特征之一。在地方债务压力较大的情况下，PPP将替代土地财政和地方政府融资，为我国新型城镇化建设提供可持续的资金支持，PPP模式成为当前城市建设领域融资的重要选项。
据此，本文基于实证研究方法探讨在债务约束的背景下，在地方政府债务约束下，PPP模式的引入，对城市规划中建设用地面积、人口规划规模与容量、建设用地属性等的城市规划变量的影响；与此同时，考虑到地方政府的政策很大程度上受到是由地方官员，特别是受到作为地方政府党政“一把手”的市委书记和市长的晋升压力和激励的影响，讨论市委书记/市长的晋升压力和激励对PPP模式引入效果的影响。研究发现，在地方政府债务约束下，PPP模式的引入，显著增加城市规划中建设用地面积、人口规划规模与容量、建设用地属性等的城市规划变量；同时，地方政府官员存在利用PPP放大城市建设和规划规模的行为，反映了PPP项目在引入和使用的过程中很大程度上受政府官员的激励的影响。
据此，本文基于实证研究方法探讨在债务约束的背景下，在地方政府债务约束下，PPP模式的引入，对城市规划中建设用地面积、人口规划规模与容量、建设用地属性等的城市规划变量的影响；与此同时，考虑到地方政府的政策很大程度上受到是由地方官员，特别是受到作为地方政府党政“一把手”的市委书记和市长的晋升压力和激励的影响，讨论市委书记/市长的晋升压力和激励对PPP模式引入效果的影响。研究发现，在地方政府债务约束下，PPP模式的引入，显著增加城市规划中建设用地面积、人口规划规模与容量、建设用地属性等的城市规划变量；同时，地方政府官员存在利用PPP放大城市建设和规划规模的行为，反映了PPP项目在引入和使用的过程中很大程度上受政府官员的激励的影响。
ContributorsXu, Ke (Author) / Chen, Pei-Yu (Thesis advisor) / Zhu, Qigui (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Xin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description基于中国人口老龄化加速、目前人均医疗支出偏低和国内医疗器械企业以中低端产品
为主的局面，中国的医疗器械行业正面临着巨大的发展机遇，投融资活动将迎来爆发式增
长。 在此背景下， 医疗器械企业的估值研究对投融资双方都有较大的意义。
我们假设医疗器械公司的产品差异度对其公司的估值有正面影响。
产品差异度定义为：该产品区别于其他竞争性产品的独特性，由以下六个方面构成：
产品唯一性水平、先进性（器械类别、优秀国产医疗设备个数、产品的专利化程度）、利润
边际和其市场容量，并对此用 12 个指标做出了定量的估计。本研究主要的数据来源是上市
的医疗器械公司，因为这些公司的相关数据取得比较容易且数据客观性较强。我们使用一
般回归分析测量产品差异度与公司估值之间的关系。在得出正面的回归结果之后， 我们采
用双重差分分析（DID）方法，验证实际情形下新产品相关信息发布对公司股价波动的影响。
根据回归分析结果：
1、 “产生营收的产品唯一性水平”和“边际利润”与市值有显著相关性: 说明医疗器械
类企业确实是核心产品驱动发展的， 产品唯一性程度高（已剔除那些已逐渐被市场淘汰的
产品） 说明市场定价能力强， 边际利润率高，盈利能力强， 进而对公司估值形成正面影
响。
2、 “”净利润“和”“互联网概念”与市值也呈现显著相关性。净利润的相关性是显而易见
的。互联网概念的相关性体现了互联网+医疗成为近几年市场的风口。
iv
3、 其他一些指标未呈现明显的相关性，有可能是因为我们的数据量太少引起的， 也
有可能还有其他未在我们考虑范围内的因素导致的，也可能是因为中国目前的股票市场还
未到达半强式有效市场。这可能对其他行业的影响也是如此。
在后面进行的实证分析中， 除个别情况外，我们发现公司重磅新产品相关信息的发布
基本上对公司之后 1-30 个交易日的股价起到了较明显的推动作用。
关键词: 产品差异度 医疗器械行业 公司估值
为主的局面，中国的医疗器械行业正面临着巨大的发展机遇，投融资活动将迎来爆发式增
长。 在此背景下， 医疗器械企业的估值研究对投融资双方都有较大的意义。
我们假设医疗器械公司的产品差异度对其公司的估值有正面影响。
产品差异度定义为：该产品区别于其他竞争性产品的独特性，由以下六个方面构成：
产品唯一性水平、先进性（器械类别、优秀国产医疗设备个数、产品的专利化程度）、利润
边际和其市场容量，并对此用 12 个指标做出了定量的估计。本研究主要的数据来源是上市
的医疗器械公司，因为这些公司的相关数据取得比较容易且数据客观性较强。我们使用一
般回归分析测量产品差异度与公司估值之间的关系。在得出正面的回归结果之后， 我们采
用双重差分分析（DID）方法，验证实际情形下新产品相关信息发布对公司股价波动的影响。
根据回归分析结果：
1、 “产生营收的产品唯一性水平”和“边际利润”与市值有显著相关性: 说明医疗器械
类企业确实是核心产品驱动发展的， 产品唯一性程度高（已剔除那些已逐渐被市场淘汰的
产品） 说明市场定价能力强， 边际利润率高，盈利能力强， 进而对公司估值形成正面影
响。
2、 “”净利润“和”“互联网概念”与市值也呈现显著相关性。净利润的相关性是显而易见
的。互联网概念的相关性体现了互联网+医疗成为近几年市场的风口。
iv
3、 其他一些指标未呈现明显的相关性，有可能是因为我们的数据量太少引起的， 也
有可能还有其他未在我们考虑范围内的因素导致的，也可能是因为中国目前的股票市场还
未到达半强式有效市场。这可能对其他行业的影响也是如此。
在后面进行的实证分析中， 除个别情况外，我们发现公司重磅新产品相关信息的发布
基本上对公司之后 1-30 个交易日的股价起到了较明显的推动作用。
关键词: 产品差异度 医疗器械行业 公司估值
ContributorsShen, Huifeng (Author) / Chen, Pei-Yu (Thesis advisor) / Wang, Tan (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2018
Description
With the new independence of adulthood, college students are a group susceptible to adopting unsupported, if not harmful, health practices. A survey of Arizona State University undergraduate students (N=200) was conducted to evaluate supplement use, trust in information sources, and beliefs about supplement regulation. Of those who reported using supplements, college students most frequently received information from friends and family. STEM majors in fields unrelated to health who were taking a supplement were found to be less likely to receive information about the supplement from a medical practitioner than those in health fields or those in non-STEM majors (-26.9%, p=0.018). STEM majors in health-related fields were 15.0% more likely to treat colds and/or cold symptoms with research-supported methods identified from reliable sources, while non-health STEM and non-STEM majors were more likely to take unsupported cold treatments (p=0.010). Surveyed students, regardless of major, also stated they would trust a medical practitioner for supplement advice above other sources (88.0%), and the majority expressed a belief that dietary supplements are approved/regulated by the government (59.8%).
ContributorsPerez, Jacob Tanner (Author) / Hendrickson, Kirstin (Thesis director) / Lefler, Scott (Committee member) / College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Contributor) / School of Molecular Sciences (Contributor) / Department of Physics (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2018-05
ContributorsChandler, N. Kayla (Author) / Neisewander, Janet (Thesis director) / Sanabria, Federico (Committee member) / Olive, M. Foster (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Contributor)
Created2013-05
Description
I propose that norms regulate behaviors that negatively impact an individual's survival and reproduction. But because monitoring and enforcing of norms can be costly, individuals should be selective about which norms they police and under what circumstances they should do so. Two studies tested this idea by experimentally activating fitness-relevant motives and having participants answer questions about the policing of norms. The first study examined a norm prescribing respect for status and another proscribing sexual coercion. Results from Study 1 failed to support the hypotheses; activating a status-seeking motive did not have the predicted effects on policing of the respect-status norm nor did activating a mating motive have the predicted effects on policing of the respect-status norm or anti-coercion norm. Study 2 examined two new norms, one prescribing that people stay home when sick and the other proscribing people from having sex with another person's partners. Study 2 also manipulated whether self or others were the target of the policing. Study 2 failed to provide support; a disease avoidance motive failed to have effects on policing of the stay home when sick norm. Individuals in a relationship under a mating motive wanted less policing of others for violation of the mate poaching norm than those in a baseline condition, opposite of the predicted effects.
ContributorsSmith, M. Kristopher (Author) / Neuberg, L. Steven (Thesis director) / Presson, Clark (Committee member) / Hruschka, J. Daniel (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Contributor)
Created2013-05
Description
Literature in public administration emphasizes a growing dissatisfaction with government on the part of residents. Where there tends to be a lack in the literature is in terms of solutions to this problem. We would like to argue that the engagement process itself has the power to foster a profound attitudinal shift on the part of both residents and government. This paper explores the structural and cultural barriers to satisfactory public engagement both from literature and a combination of policy analysis, semi-structured interviews and participatory observation within the City of Tempe. We then provide recommendations to the City of Tempe on how to overcome these barriers and effect authentic public engagement practices. With these new suggested practices and mindsets, we provide a way that people can have the power to create their own community.
ContributorsRiffle, Morgan (Co-author) / Tchida, Celina (Co-author) / Ingram-Waters, Mary (Thesis director) / Grzanka, Patrick (Committee member) / King, Cheryl (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Contributor)
Created2013-05
Description
This thesis examines the relationship between unofficial, official, and parallel Islam in Uzbekistan following the end of the Soviet Union. Key touchstone moments in Uzbekistan during the twentieth-century show the history between unofficial and official Islam and the resulting precedents set for Muslims gathering against the government. This historical analysis shows how President Karimov and the Uzbek government view and approach Islam in the country following independence.
ContributorsTieslink, Evan (Author) / Batalden, Stephen (Thesis director) / Kefeli, Agnes (Committee member) / Saikia, Yasmin (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Contributor) / School of Politics and Global Studies (Contributor) / School of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies (Contributor)
Created2013-05