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Description当前，民营企业已成为中国重要支撑力量，而未来5到10年，约有300多万家民营企业面临传承困境。但学术研究领域在传承整体框架、配套机制建设方面有完整论述、有成功案例的所见不多。首先，针对以上民营企业的传承现状，本文将研究、回答五个问题：1、成功传承的标准和要素是什么？2、传承模式有哪几种，每种模式配套的传承机制是什么，该如何建立？3、民营企业应选择何种传承模式，如何选择？4、民营企业的整套传承方案如何落地搭建？5、是否有普适性的、可借鉴的民营企业传承模型，包含哪些要素？
其次，本文主要使用文献研究、案例研究、实证分析，选取中、美、德、日四家不同传承阶段、不同传承模式的知名民营企业，对其传承情况进行深入研究。在此基础上，归纳总结出传承的关键要素，对前述五个问题进行系统解答。同时，本文创新性地结合理论研究、案例研究及企业实践，提出适合我国大部分民营企业的传承全周期管理框架。
最后，根据以上研究，本文总结出关于中国民营企业传承的八大结论及建议：1、本质：权力的交接和义务的传递；2、两大风险：继任风险（继任人的能力要求）、代理风险（继任人对企业核心理念的意愿/忠诚度）；3、降低风险的四大机制：领袖锻造、人才梯队、管控治理、激励机制；4、两大成功要素：“选领袖”和“建机制”；5、四大机制是并行推进、相辅相成的，要尽早构建、持续优化；6、三大模式：家族成员继承、内生培养经理人、外聘职业经理人；7、民营企业传承模型包含七大要素、五大步骤；8、民营企业在制定传承方案时，除了要注意传承模型中的要素，还要注意其他关键要素。
其次，本文主要使用文献研究、案例研究、实证分析，选取中、美、德、日四家不同传承阶段、不同传承模式的知名民营企业，对其传承情况进行深入研究。在此基础上，归纳总结出传承的关键要素，对前述五个问题进行系统解答。同时，本文创新性地结合理论研究、案例研究及企业实践，提出适合我国大部分民营企业的传承全周期管理框架。
最后，根据以上研究，本文总结出关于中国民营企业传承的八大结论及建议：1、本质：权力的交接和义务的传递；2、两大风险：继任风险（继任人的能力要求）、代理风险（继任人对企业核心理念的意愿/忠诚度）；3、降低风险的四大机制：领袖锻造、人才梯队、管控治理、激励机制；4、两大成功要素：“选领袖”和“建机制”；5、四大机制是并行推进、相辅相成的，要尽早构建、持续优化；6、三大模式：家族成员继承、内生培养经理人、外聘职业经理人；7、民营企业传承模型包含七大要素、五大步骤；8、民营企业在制定传承方案时，除了要注意传承模型中的要素，还要注意其他关键要素。
ContributorsCao, Jianwei (Author) / Huang, Xiaochuan (Thesis advisor) / Liang, Bing (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description当今中国，人口老龄化趋势正驱动卫生总费用快速攀升，国家医保基金可持续性面临挑战。从卫生费用结构来看，中国长期以来存在药品费用占卫生总费用比例高、用药结构相对不合理等问题，限制了基金使用效率的提升，不利于医保基金的可持续发展。医保控费尤其是控制药品花费的必要性日益凸显。2018年末，新组建的国家医保局在“4+7城市”启动了国家药品集中采购试点工作，通过“量价挂钩”“以量换价”的形式，实现了25个药品品种的大幅降价，在减轻患者经济负担、节省医保费用、净化流通环境等方面成效显著。可以预期，在医保控费压力下，以带量采购为核心的集中采购将成为一项长期的政策选项。与此同时，该项政策将通过对价格信号的重大调整和采购量的重新分配重塑市场格局，对制药产业和制药企业产生深刻影响。因此，对集中采购政策的实施影响进行全面、审慎的评估，一方面能形成对集中采购政策执行现状的深刻理解，另一方面也能基于政策实施后的产业影响，对推广实施集中采购政策形成针对性建议。 本文通过文献梳理、案例研究、问卷分析和回归预测分析等多元研究方法，对国家药品集中采购试点政策实施后对制药企业和制药行业的影响进行了深入分析。研究发现，在企业层面，受制于本国制药企业发展阶段和价格下降导致的利润压缩，国家集中采购试点政策将在一定程度上影响中标药品对于大量中国患者需求的满足并对中标药品的质量控制形成一定压力；产业层面，由于价格下降和市场格局变动导致企业预期变化，国家集中采购试点政策将使得仿制药企业对待药品的“质量和疗效一致性评价”更为审慎，短期内在被采购的药物分子领域形成一家独大的局面，长远将导致行业集中度的进一步提高。针对上述研究发现。
本文分别从带量采购政策的政策设计、带量采购中标药品质量监管政策和仿制药产业鼓励政策等维度提出了相应优化建议。建议政府在带量采购政策设计上坚持分类采购原则，强化中标企业产能、产量的核实，加大自由竞争市场份额，合理划分带量采购片区，避免医院采用“一刀切”的政策使用中标药；在质量监管上加强针对性质量监管，运用风险工具进行评估，针对高危风险制定风险最小化措施，加强推进ICH Q10在仿制药企业中的落地；在仿制药产业鼓励政策上落实“质量和疗效一致性评价”鼓励政策，为高质量仿制药提供积极的市场环境，优化流通环节费率计算方式。
本文分别从带量采购政策的政策设计、带量采购中标药品质量监管政策和仿制药产业鼓励政策等维度提出了相应优化建议。建议政府在带量采购政策设计上坚持分类采购原则，强化中标企业产能、产量的核实，加大自由竞争市场份额，合理划分带量采购片区，避免医院采用“一刀切”的政策使用中标药；在质量监管上加强针对性质量监管，运用风险工具进行评估，针对高危风险制定风险最小化措施，加强推进ICH Q10在仿制药企业中的落地；在仿制药产业鼓励政策上落实“质量和疗效一致性评价”鼓励政策，为高质量仿制药提供积极的市场环境，优化流通环节费率计算方式。
ContributorsChai, Yan (Author) / Chen, Pei-Yu (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Anmin (Thesis advisor) / Zheng, Zhiqiang (Committee member) / Gu, Bin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
This dissertation proposes a re-evaluation of the films of Caliwood—a close-knit group of film fanatics who produced socially-minded independent cinema in Cali, Colombia—and the group’s contribution towards a national film industry. Focusing primarily on the works of Luis Ospina and Carlos Mayolo during the period ranging between 1971 and 1991, this study analyzes six key films—Oiga vea! (1972), Cali de Película (1973), Agarrando Pueblo (1977), Pura Sangre (1982), Carne de tu carne (1983)—which showcase the evolution of the group’s production from experimental documentaries to pseudo-documentaries and fictional films. Additionally, It All Started at the End (2015) is analyzed because it is the last film produced by Luis Ospina and it showcases the history of the group from his own perspective. In totality, these films represent a political stance derived from the tenets of the Third Cinema movement—a call for a revolutionary cinema which reverberated throughout Latin America—which denounces neocolonialism, the capitalist system, and the Hollywood model of cinema as mere entertainment for profit. Furthermore, this comprehensive analysis of Caliwood’s films covers a representative sample of their film legacy, as well as their critique of socio-political and cultural issues in Colombia. The reflections yielded from this study propose a reframing of Colombian film history and acknowledges the importance of Ospina’s and Mayolo’s contribution to the development of a “national” film tradition in Colombia.
ContributorsBonilla-Cirocco, Cindy Michelle (Author) / Tompkins, Cynthia (Thesis advisor) / Bezerra, Ligia (Committee member) / García Fernández, Carlos J (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
While significant qualitative, user study-focused research has been done on augmented reality, relatively few studies have been conducted on multiple, co-located synchronously collaborating users in augmented reality. Recognizing the need for more collaborative user studies in augmented reality and the value such studies present, a user study is conducted of collaborative decision-making in augmented reality to investigate the following research question: “Does presenting data visualizations in augmented reality influence the collaborative decision-making behaviors of a team?” This user study evaluates how viewing data visualizations with augmented reality headsets impacts collaboration in small teams compared to viewing together on a single 2D desktop monitor as a baseline. Teams of two participants performed closed and open-ended evaluation tasks to collaboratively analyze data visualized in both augmented reality and on a desktop monitor. Multiple means of collecting and analyzing data were employed to develop a well-rounded context for results and conclusions, including software logging of participant interactions, qualitative analysis of video recordings of participant sessions, and pre- and post-study participant questionnaires. The results indicate that augmented reality doesn’t significantly change the quantity of team member communication but does impact the means and strategies participants use to collaborate.
ContributorsKintscher, Michael (Author) / Bryan, Chris (Thesis advisor) / Amresh, Ashish (Thesis advisor) / Hansford, Dianne (Committee member) / Johnson, Erik (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
By way of combining the methodological practices of autoethnography and informal anarchist analysis of social movements, this project establishes anarchist autoethnography as a way of navigating the unavoidable and irreconcilable tensions between academic research and the ethical commitments of anarchists. By way of this method, I explore some of my interventions – as an anarchist – during the Occupy movement in Phoenix, Arizona from October, 2011 through until mid-2012. I explore the internal movement conflicts that arise when certain individuals, factions and political tendencies attempt to homogeneously define the interests of a heterogenous social movement that happens to employ anarchist principles of organization and includes the participation of anarchists. I focus on the conflicts around decision-making processes, the debates about nonviolence, and attitudes towards policing. Beyond analyzing some of my experiences in Occupy Phoenix, and doing so transparently as an anarchist, I additionally explore how the underlying connection between utopianism and the techniques of maintaining urban social orders shape the experience of movements in cities. I find that the moral strategies of left activists very often mirror the dualist ideologies of utopian urban planners, thus reproducing statist ways of seeing. Against the movement managers of the left, who I argue ultimately end up helping to reproduce the social order of cities, I turn at the end towards an exploration of historical Luddism as exemplars of sabotage. In framing anarchism and Luddism as accomplice tendencies that seek to subvert social order so as to preserve autonomy in capitalist states, I carefully distinguish neoluddism as a separate and undesirable approach to questions of technology and techniques of social control.
ContributorsPoe, Robert William (Author) / Quan, Helen L. T. (Thesis advisor) / Wise, John M (Committee member) / Kamel, Nabil (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
With the rise of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among adults in the United States, understanding the processes of trauma, trauma related disorders, and the long-term impact of living with them is an area of continued focus for researchers. This is especially a concern in the case of current and former military service members (veterans), whose work activities and deployment cycles place them at an increased risk of exposure to trauma-inducing experiences but who have a low rate of self-referral to healthcare professionals. There is thus an urgent need for developing procedures for early diagnosis and treatment. The present study examines how the tools and findings of the field of linguistics may contribute to the field of trauma research. Previous research has shown that cognition and language production are closely linked. This study focuses on the role of prosody in PTSD and pilots a procedure for the data collection and analysis. Data consist of monologic talk from a sample of student-veterans and analyzed with speech software (Praat) for pauses greater than 250 milliseconds per 100 words. The pause frequency was compared to a PCL-5 score, an assessment used to check for PTSD symptoms and evaluate need for further assessment and possible diagnosis of PTSD. This pilot study found the methods successfully elicited data that could be used to measure and test the research questions. Although the findings of the study were inconclusive due to limitations of the participant pool, it found that the research model proved effect as a model for future linguistic research on trauma.
ContributorsSouthee, Richard Aaron (Author) / Prior, Matthew T. (Thesis advisor) / Pruitt, Kathryn (Committee member) / Pereira, Jennifer (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a unique neurostimulation modality with potential to develop into a highly sophisticated and effective tool. Unlike any other noninvasive neurostimulation technique, tFUS has a high spatial resolution (on the order of millimeters) and can penetrate across the skull, deep into the brain. Sub-thermal tFUS has been shown to induce changes in EEG and fMRI, as well as perception and mood. This study investigates the possibility of using tFUS to modulate brain networks involved in attention and cognitive control.Three different brain areas linked to saliency, cognitive control, and emotion within the cingulo-opercular network were stimulated with tFUS while subjects performed behavioral paradigms. The first study targeted the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), which is associated with performance on cognitive attention tasks, conflict, error, and, emotion. Subjects performed a variant of the Erikson Flanker task in which emotional faces (fear, neutral or scrambled) were displayed in the background as distractors. tFUS significantly reduced the reaction time (RT) delay induced by faces; there were significant differences between tFUS and Sham groups in event related potentials (ERP), event related spectral perturbation (ERSP), conflict and error processing, and heart rate variability (HRV).
The second study used the same behavioral paradigm, but targeted tFUS to the right anterior insula/frontal operculum (aIns/fO). The aIns/fO is implicated in saliency, cognitive control, interoceptive awareness, autonomic function, and emotion. tFUS was found to significantly alter ERP, ERSP, conflict and error processing, and HRV responses.
The third study targeted tFUS to the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), employing the Stop Signal task to study inhibition. tFUS affected ERPs and improved stopping speed. Using network modeling, causal evidence is presented for rIFG influence on subcortical nodes in stopping.
This work provides preliminarily evidence that tFUS can be used to modulate broader network function through a single node, affecting neurophysiological processing, physiologic responses, and behavioral performance. Additionally it can be used as a tool to elucidate network function. These studies suggest tFUS has the potential to affect cognitive function as a clinical tool, and perhaps even enhance wellbeing and expand conscious awareness.
The second study used the same behavioral paradigm, but targeted tFUS to the right anterior insula/frontal operculum (aIns/fO). The aIns/fO is implicated in saliency, cognitive control, interoceptive awareness, autonomic function, and emotion. tFUS was found to significantly alter ERP, ERSP, conflict and error processing, and HRV responses.
The third study targeted tFUS to the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), employing the Stop Signal task to study inhibition. tFUS affected ERPs and improved stopping speed. Using network modeling, causal evidence is presented for rIFG influence on subcortical nodes in stopping.
This work provides preliminarily evidence that tFUS can be used to modulate broader network function through a single node, affecting neurophysiological processing, physiologic responses, and behavioral performance. Additionally it can be used as a tool to elucidate network function. These studies suggest tFUS has the potential to affect cognitive function as a clinical tool, and perhaps even enhance wellbeing and expand conscious awareness.
ContributorsFini, Maria Elizabeth (Author) / Tyler, William J (Thesis advisor) / Greger, Bradley (Committee member) / Santello, Marco (Committee member) / Kleim, Jeffrey (Committee member) / Helms Tillery, Stephen (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
One potential application of multi-robot systems is collective transport, a task in which multiple mobile robots collaboratively transport a payload that is too large or heavy to be carried by a single robot. Numerous control schemes have been proposed for collective transport in environments where robots can localize themselves (e.g., using GPS) and communicate with one another, have information about the payload's geometric and dynamical properties, and follow predefined robot and/or payload trajectories. However, these approaches cannot be applied in uncertain environments where robots do not have reliable communication and GPS and lack information about the payload. These conditions characterize a variety of applications, including construction, mining, assembly in space and underwater, search-and-rescue, and disaster response.
Toward this end, this thesis presents decentralized control strategies for collective transport by robots that regulate their actions using only their local sensor measurements and minimal prior information. These strategies can be implemented on robots that have limited or absent localization capabilities, do not explicitly exchange information, and are not assigned predefined trajectories. The controllers are developed for collective transport over planar surfaces, but can be extended to three-dimensional environments.
This thesis addresses the above problem for two control objectives. First, decentralized controllers are proposed for velocity control of collective transport, in which the robots must transport a payload at a constant velocity through an unbounded domain that may contain strictly convex obstacles. The robots are provided only with the target transport velocity, and they do not have global localization or prior information about any obstacles in the environment. Second, decentralized controllers are proposed for position control of collective transport, in which the robots must transport a payload to a target position through a bounded or unbounded domain that may contain convex obstacles. The robots are subject to the same constraints as in the velocity control scenario, except that they are assumed to have global localization. Theoretical guarantees for successful execution of the task are derived using techniques from nonlinear control theory, and it is shown through simulations and physical robot experiments that the transport objectives are achieved with the proposed controllers.
Toward this end, this thesis presents decentralized control strategies for collective transport by robots that regulate their actions using only their local sensor measurements and minimal prior information. These strategies can be implemented on robots that have limited or absent localization capabilities, do not explicitly exchange information, and are not assigned predefined trajectories. The controllers are developed for collective transport over planar surfaces, but can be extended to three-dimensional environments.
This thesis addresses the above problem for two control objectives. First, decentralized controllers are proposed for velocity control of collective transport, in which the robots must transport a payload at a constant velocity through an unbounded domain that may contain strictly convex obstacles. The robots are provided only with the target transport velocity, and they do not have global localization or prior information about any obstacles in the environment. Second, decentralized controllers are proposed for position control of collective transport, in which the robots must transport a payload to a target position through a bounded or unbounded domain that may contain convex obstacles. The robots are subject to the same constraints as in the velocity control scenario, except that they are assumed to have global localization. Theoretical guarantees for successful execution of the task are derived using techniques from nonlinear control theory, and it is shown through simulations and physical robot experiments that the transport objectives are achieved with the proposed controllers.
ContributorsFarivarnejad, Hamed (Author) / Berman, Spring (Thesis advisor) / Mignolet, Marc (Committee member) / Tsakalis, Konstantinos (Committee member) / Artemiadis, Panagiotis (Committee member) / Gil, Stephanie (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
Cities are in need of radical knowledge system innovations and designs in the age of the Anthropocene. Cities are complex sites of interactions across social, ecological, and technological dimensions. Cities are also experiencing rapidly changing and intractable environmental conditions. Given uncertain and incomplete knowledge of both future environmental conditions and the outcomes of urban resilience efforts, today’s knowledge systems are unequipped to generate the knowledge and wisdom needed to act. As such, cities must modernize the knowledge infrastructure underpinning today’s complex urban systems. The principal objective of this dissertation is to make the case for, and guide, the vital knowledge system innovations that coastal cities need in order to build more resilient urban futures. Chapter 2 demonstrates the use of knowledge systems analysis as a tool to stress-test and upgrade the Federal Emergency Management Agency flood mapping knowledge system that drives flood resilience planning and decision-making in New York City. In Chapter 3, a conceptual framework is constructed for the design and analysis of knowledge co-production by integrating concepts across the co-production and urban social-ecological-technological systems literatures. In Chapter 4, the conceptual framework is used to analyze two case studies of knowledge co-production in the Miami Metropolitan Area to better inform decisions for how and when to employ co-production as a tool to achieve sustainability and resilience outcomes. In Chapter 5, six propositions are presented – derived from a synthesis of the literature and the three empirical cases – that knowledge professionals can employ to create, facilitate, and scale up knowledge system innovations: flatten knowledge hierarchies; create plural and positive visions of the future; construct knowledge co-production to achieve desired outcomes; acknowledge and anticipate the influence of power and authority; build anticipatory capacities to act under deep uncertainty; and identify and invest in knowledge innovations. While these six propositions apply to the context of coastal cities and flood resilience, most can also be useful to facilitate knowledge innovations to adapt to other complex and intractable environmental problems. Cities must move swiftly to create and catalyze knowledge system innovations given the scale of climate impacts and rapidly changing environmental conditions.
ContributorsHobbins, Robert Jonathan (Author) / Miller, Clark A. (Thesis advisor) / Meerow, Sara (Committee member) / Muñoz-Erickson, Tischa A (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020
Description
Employee wellbeing is a top concern for many organizations as its been linked to job performance and organizational commitment (Colquit, LePine, & Wesson, 2019). Research suggests that overall wellbeing is important to employees as well. Organizations are significantly investing into upgrading workplace environments, and there is a need for a clear understanding of how those improvements truly impact employee wellbeing. Current workplace research reveals that the open-office floorplan accounts for more than 70% of office layouts in the United States and is most commonly used for the benefits of collaboration and efficiency (Gallup, 2017). However, the open office layout ranks poorly in current employee wellbeing studies with a number of office environment stressors such as noise, distractions, and privacy concerns noted to impact employee wellbeing (C. Bodin-Danielsson, 2016; Haynes, Suckley, & Nunnington, 2017). The knowledge work performed in office environments require high amounts of cognitive tasks and when combined with filtering distractions in the workplace it can increase strains caused by common office stressors, thereby impacting employee wellbeing (Bridger & Brasher, 2011). This study will examine common stressors from the open office environment and compare employee’s perceptions of their work environment before and after renovations, as well as observations and behavioral mapping that record how the built environment influences the behaviors of the occupants. This research seeks to understand how wellbeing in the open office is affected by its different physical environmental settings, and how this environment influences employee’s behaviors. The end research goal is to see if there is a significant correlation of physical work environment and workplace behaviors that are common in the open office to help understand how the designed interior workplace impacts the wellbeing of its users.
ContributorsFrederick, Laura (Author) / Zingoni Phielipp, Milagros (Thesis advisor) / Brunner, Lori (Thesis advisor) / Trinh, Mai (Committee member) / Pijem, Maria (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020