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- Creators: Arizona State University
- Creators: Ravel, Maurice, 1875-1937
Description金融服务于实体经济可以促进实体经济的发展，随着时代和科技的进步，农业的发展更需要得到大量资金的支持，但农业生产的固有特点存在诸多不确定性，投入与产出不一定成正比，金融服务于农业的动力不强。相比于其他行业，农业生产和消费端的匹配度更差一些，产业化、标准化、集约化程度不高。尤其在中国，“三农”问题历年来受到高度重视，各界想方设法在使农业增产、农民增收、农村致富，但至今没有很好的解决方案，金融对农业的支持力度尚弱，还有很大的发展空间。随着农业产业化的发展和金融服务供应链的兴起，农产品供应链金融受到了越来越多的研究和关注，也是普惠金融谈论得较多的领域，但之前的研究多涉及风险和模式的研究。
农产品批发市场（简称农批市场）是农产品流通的主要渠道，近几年虽然由于销售渠道的多样化使得市场份额从基本垄断的地位有所减弱，但农批市场仍是农产品销售的主渠道，也是农产品供应链金融中的核心企业。
研究和理解增加财务杠杆对销售量有没有影响和有多大的影响在政策上和应用上都是很有意义的。在政策上的意义是可以了解小微企业是否真正（或者在多大程度上）受到融资难的影响；在应用上意义可以帮助资金方定量了解开展供应链金融业务（贷款给小微企业）会有多大的收益和风险。
本文将以实验设计的方式研究农产品供应链金融对农批市场的影响，将以无锡朝阳农产品大市场的苹果供应商作为研究对象，研究苹果供应链金融对农批市场销售成交额的影响，本文认为杠杆、信用评分等因素对农批市场销售额有显著影响。
ContributorsZhang, Junjun (Author) / Shao, Benjamin (Thesis advisor) / Chang, Chun (Thesis advisor) / Li, William (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description最新的并购浪潮呈现两大特征：PE机构成为重要角色；连续并购成为普遍形态。本文认为连续并购区分单次并购的关键区分体现在以下三个方面：战略驱动连续并购、并购后开展建设、管理者学习效应。诸多文献发现：连续并购者的并购绩效高于那些并购次数较少者或单次并购者，关键变量就是“管理者学习效应”。连续并购本质上是一个企业的战略学习旅程，从上一次并购中学习，让下一次并购变得更好，让并购做到“一次比一次好”。连续并购绩效的传导逻辑很简单：开展并购“实践”，对上一次并购进行“学习”，进而提升并购“能力”，从而提升下一次并购“绩效”。理想中的连续并购就是一个启动并购实践、开展并购学习、提升并购能力、改进并购绩效四个要素持续正循环的战略学习圈。
管理者学习效应非常复杂，一些研究集中在如何“让学习发生”，并没有更进一步思考如何“让学习加速”。尽管“感同身受”的学习效果可能很高，但是摸索中学习的进程注定是缓慢的。
基于这个本质思考，本文将研究重点放在了连续并购中的管理者学习效应，聚焦进一步思考如何“让学习加速”。在本文，我给出的建议是邀请PE机构参与到连续并购中，具体形式有以下三种：让PE机构成为公司重要股东；遇到“非相似”并购，联合PE机构一起开展并购；和PE机构一起成立并购基金，双方一起参与整个连续并购过程。
本文的创新点在于：（1）区分和总结了让学习发生和让学习加速的诸多实践方法；（2）对最近全球并购浪潮的两大特征：PE机构和连续并购进行了关联分析，总结了PE机构在连续并购中的四种模式角色；（3）辩证审视了诸多研究文献中关于 “连续并购间隔时间”这一关键变量。
本文研究发现：和PE成立并购基金更能改善连续并购绩效；PE持股可以加速连续并购中的管理者学习效应，其表现是不影响并购绩效的前提下缩短并购间隔时间，让连续并购变得“又好又快”。
ContributorsWang, Cheng (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Jie, Hu (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Zhongju (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description随着经济和社会的进步，企业不仅要以盈利为目标，也为利益相关者和生态环境负责并承担相应的社会责任。社会公众也日渐对企业社会责任问题加以重视，伴随着社会责任这一理念的深入，监管部门制定并出台了一系列与企业社会责任信息披露有关的政策和法规，用以规范和引导企业社会责任信息的披露工作。本文以有效市场理论、信息不对称理论和利益相关者理论为基础，将2010-2018年香港证券交易所上市公司为作为研究对象，运用实证研究的方法，将企业社会责任融入股票崩盘风险的研究视角。本文结合理论演绎和实证检验的方法，突破已有文献以收益框架为研究视角的限制，从金融资本市场的角度出发研究企业社会责任的崩盘效应，系统的探索了企业社会责任影响股票崩盘风险的效应及其影响因素。研究结果显示，对比未披露企业社会责任的公司而言，披露企业社会责任相关信息的公司，未来股价崩盘风险越小。基于香港股市主要以机构投资者为主，进一步考察了社会责任信息披露和机构投资者对股价未来崩盘风险的交互作用，研究发现在机构持股比例越低的公司中，企业社会责任信息披露对未来崩盘效应的抑制作用越明显。此外，本文以独立董事占董事会人员比例作为企业治理因素，探索了社会责任信息披露和董事会独立性对股价崩盘风险的交互作用，研究发现企业董事独立性越强，社会责任信息披露对股票崩盘风险的抑制作用更为显著。最后，相对于非国有企业而言，国有企业性质削弱了企业社会责任信息披露对未来崩盘效应的抑制作用。
ContributorsHe, Jie (Author) / Zhu, David, H. (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Jie (Thesis advisor) / Hu, Jie (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description进入新时代，我国的经济、社会、文化和教育事业迅速发展，艺术类生源肩负着我国优秀传统文化复兴、保护、传承与发展的历史使命。“艺考热”持续多年不衰，但艺术类生源的就业率近年却持续走低，学艺期望与就业失望的矛盾突出。本论文以影响音乐类硕士研究生就业的相关自变量和因变量因素为出发点，通过文献梳理、数据分析、比较研究、问卷调查与口述访谈等研究方法，对 300 余名音乐类硕士研究生的就业情况及相关因素，进行了大量的数据收集、建模和实证分析，研究了“激情” 这一关键因素对音乐类硕士研究生就业的影响。
本论文通过实证研究，对国家艺术教育政策的改进与完善；对艺术类高校人才培养模式的优化；对艺术类人才自身质量的提升等，提出一系列具有数据支撑的意见和建议。
ContributorsJin, Tingting (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Zhen (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description目前我国社会主要矛盾是“人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾”。消费对经济增长的贡献率达76.2%，而消费场所-购物中心为代表的的商业地产发展却落后于住宅地产的发展，不被房地产商所青睐。本文希望通过对影响购物中心租金收入因素的研究，运用统计回归模型分析，发现购物中心运营效益的重要决定因素。样本数据主要来自于8家上市公司的146个项目，对各项目2015年-2019年连续的租金收入进行分析。
现有研究购物中心文献，对于中国购物中心多区域多品牌动态运营绩效的研究文献很少，同时研究数据的取得难度大，还没有发现通过大样本数理统计得出的结论。
本文通过实证分析研究框架，运用二手数据，采用归纳研究，以“城市商圈的影响力”对购物中心每平米每日租金的影响进行回归分析。通过回归模型的量化分析，对日租金收入的影响因素城市商圈、城市人均GDP、开业期限、建筑面积、资金成本、出租率等进行分析，对购物中心品牌进行调节变量分析，得出城市商圈对日租金收入的影响是显著的，大城市的核心商圈或新城区核心商圈的购物中心日租金收入将强于同行，同时购物中心品牌的影响也是明显的。
中国住宅房地产投资已经到高点，房地产商未来的发展之路将面临新的选择。不同于住宅，购物中心的持有型特性将会给房地产商带来稳定的收入。通过对城市商圈等影响因子的分析，将对房地产商未来投资运营购物中心有重要的指导意义。
ContributorsLu, Xiaohui (Author) / Chen, Pei-Yu (Thesis advisor) / Chen, Xin (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Anming (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
The tire blowout is potentially one of the most critical accidents that may occur on the road. Following a tire blowout, the mechanical behavior of the tire is extremely affected and the forces generating from the interaction of the tire and the ground are redistributed. This severe change in the mechanism of tire force generation influences the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle significantly. Thus, the vehicle loses its directional stability and has a risk of departing its lane and colliding with other vehicles or the guardrail. This work aims to further broaden our current knowledge of the vehicle dynamic response to a blowout scenario during both rectilinear and curvilinear motions. To that end, a fourteen degrees of freedom full vehicle model combined with the well-grounded Dugoff’s tire models is developed and validated using the high fidelity MSC Adams package. To examine the effect of the tire blowout on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle, a series of tests incorporating a tire blowout is conducted in both rectilinear and curvilinear maneuvers with different tire burst locations. It is observed that the reconstruction of the tire forces resulting from blowout leads to a substantial change in the dynamics of the vehicle as well as a severe directional instability and possibly a rollover accident. Consequently, a corrective safety control system utilizing a braking/traction torque actuation mechanism is designed. The basic idea of the stability controller is to produce a regulated amount of input torque on one or more wheels apart from the blown tire. The proposed novel control-oriented model eliminates the simplifying assumptions used in the design of such controllers. Furthermore, a double integrator was augmented to enhance the steady-state performance of the sliding mode closed-loop system. The chattering problem stemmed by the switching nature of the controller is diminished through tuning the slope of saturation function. Different apparatuses are used in terms of actuation, using an individual front actuator, utilizing multi-actuator, and using two-wheel braking torques successively. It is found that the proposed controllers are perfectly capable of stabilizing the vehicle and robustly track the desired trajectory in straight-line and cornering maneuvers.
ContributorsAl-Quran, Mahdi (Author) / Mayyas, Abdel Ra'Ouf (Thesis advisor) / Shuaib, Abdelrahman (Committee member) / Chen, Yan (Committee member) / Ren, Yi (Committee member) / Yong, Sze (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
The world is filled with systems of entities that collaborate in motion, both natural and engineered. These cooperative distributed systems are capable of sophisticated emergent behavior arising from the comparatively simple interactions of their members. A model system for emergent collective behavior is programmable matter, a physical substance capable of autonomously changing its properties in response to user input or environmental stimuli. This dissertation studies distributed and stochastic algorithms that control the local behaviors of individual modules of programmable matter to induce complex collective behavior at the macroscale. It consists of four parts. In the first, the canonical amoebot model of programmable matter is proposed. A key goal of this model is to bring algorithmic theory closer to the physical realities of programmable matter hardware, especially with respect to concurrency and energy distribution. Two protocols are presented that together extend sequential, energy-agnostic algorithms to the more realistic concurrent, energy-constrained setting without sacrificing correctness, assuming the original algorithms satisfy certain conventions. In the second part, stateful distributed algorithms using amoebot memory and communication are presented for leader election, object coating, convex hull formation, and hexagon formation. The first three algorithms are proven to have linear runtimes when assuming a simplified sequential setting. The final algorithm for hexagon formation is instead proven to be correct under unfair asynchronous adversarial activation, the most general of all adversarial activation models. In the third part, distributed algorithms are combined with ideas from statistical physics and Markov chain design to replace algorithm reliance on memory and communication with biased random decisions, gaining inherent self-stabilizing and fault-tolerant properties. Using this stochastic approach, algorithms for compression, shortcut bridging, and separation are designed and analyzed. Finally, a two-pronged approach to "programming" physical ensembles is presented. This approach leverages the physics of local interactions to pair theoretical abstractions of self-organizing particle systems with experimental robot systems of active granular matter that intentionally lack digital computation and communication. By physically embodying the salient features of an algorithm in robot design, the algorithm's theoretical analysis can predict the robot ensemble's behavior. This approach is applied to phototaxing, aggregation, dispersion, and object transport.
ContributorsDaymude, Joshua (Author) / Richa, Andréa W (Thesis advisor) / Scheideler, Christian (Committee member) / Randall, Dana (Committee member) / Pavlic, Theodore (Committee member) / Gil, Stephanie (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
This dissertation focuses on the structure-function relationships of nanomaterials (NMs) and some of their applications in environmental engineering. The aim is to investigate NMs of different surface chemistries and assess their interactions with biological models, evaluate the weathering impact and degradation parameters to improve polymer coatings, test their efficiency for contaminant removal and provide further understanding in the safe design of nanomaterials. Nanoecotoxicological risk assessment currently suffers from a lack of testing procedures adapted to nanomaterials. Graphene oxide (GO) is a carbon nanomaterial (CNM) that consists of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal network. It is decorated with a high density of oxygen functional groups including epoxide and hydroxyl moieties on the basal planes and carboxylic and carbonyl groups at the edges. The changes in surface chemistry give GO unique properties that can be tailored for a function. Additionally, because of its simple synthesis and flexible chemistry, GO has been a popular building block of many composite CNMs. In environmental engineering, specifically, water treatment, GO has been studied by itself or as a composite for pollutant removal, biofouling reduction, and as an antimicrobial agent, just to name a few. Like GO, silver (Ag) is another NM widely used in water treatment for its biocidal properties. Despite the recent growth in this field, a fundamental understanding of the function-structure relationships in NMs is still progressing. Through a systematic set of experiments, the structure-properties-function and structure-properties-hazard relationships were investigated. These relationships can be used to establish guidelines to engineer “safe-by-design” functional nanomaterials, where materials are tailored to enhance their function while minimizing their inherent biological or environmental hazard.
ContributorsBarrios, Ana Cecilia (Author) / Perreault, Francois (Thesis advisor) / Abbaszadegan, Morteza (Committee member) / Conroy-Ben, Otakuye (Committee member) / Hua-Wang, Qing (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
Adolescent substance use is a complex and significant public health concern that has received considerable attention among researchers and practitioners (Gray & Squeglia, 2018). The purpose of this dissertation was to examine factors associated with substance use intervention effects and to develop subgroups of risk factors for Mexican adolescents. This dissertation utilizes secondary data from a randomized controlled trial of the school-based substance use universal prevention program, keepin’ it REAL (kiR). The dissertation included two studies. Study 1: This study tested a model on the efficacy of the school-based substance use universal prevention program, keepin’ it REAL, among a sample of Mexican adolescents (N = 3,742, 11-17 years old). Study 1 analysis included Structural Equation Modeling and results demonstrated that participation in kiR positively predicted alcohol resistance strategies and those alcohol resistance strategies were negatively and significantly associated with alcohol use. Further, depressive symptomology was a moderator of intervention effects as the effects of kiR on resistance strategies increased as the level of depressive symptomology increased. Study 2: this study explored subgroups (classes) of Mexican adolescents (N = 5,520, 11-14 years old) based on their experiences with violence (witnessing, victimization, and perpetration), depressive symptomology, and substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana). Using Latent Class Analysis (LCA) four empirically, well-differentiated classes emerged representing adolescents various risk typologies (Moderate Risk-Violence at 55% of the sample, Low Risk at 35%, High Risk at ~8%; and Moderate Risk-Substance Use at ~2%) Implications for research and practice are discussed across both studies.
ContributorsArévalo Avalos, Marvyn R (Author) / Spanierman, Lisa (Thesis advisor) / Dillon, Frank (Committee member) / Marsiglia, Flavio (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
The first task faced by many teams endeavoring to solve complex scientific problems is to seek funding for their research venture. Often, this necessitates forming new, geographically dispersed teams of researchers from multiple disciplines. While the team science and organizational management fields have studied project teams extensively, nascent teams are underrepresented in the literature. Nonetheless, understanding proposal team dynamics is important because if left unaddressed, obstacles may persist beyond the funding decision and undermine the possibility of team successes adjunctive to funding. Participant observation of more than 100 multi-investigator proposal teams and semi-structured interviews with six leaders of multidisciplinary proposal teams identified investigator motivations for collaboration, obstacles to collaboration, and indicators of proposal team success. The motivations ranged from technical interests in the research question to a desire to have impact beyond oneself. The obstacles included inconsistent or non-existent communication protocols, unclear processes for producing and reviewing documents, ad hoc file and citation management systems, short and stressful time horizons, ambiguous decision-making procedures, and uncertainty in establishing a shared vision. While funding outcome was the most objective indicator of a proposal team’s success, other success indicators emerged, including whether the needs of the team member(s) had been met and the willingness of team members to continue collaborating. This multi-dimensional definition of success makes it possible for teams to simultaneously be considered successes and failures. As a framework to analyze and overcome obstacles, this work turned to the United States military’s command and control (C2) approach, which relies on specifying the following elements to increase an organization’s agility: patterns of interaction, distribution of information, and allocation of decision rights. To address disciplinary differences and varied motivations for collaboration, this work added a fourth element: shared meaning-making. The broader impact of this work is that by implementing a C2 framework to uncover and address obstacles, the proposal experience—from team creation, to idea generation, to document creation, to final submittal—becomes more rewarding for faculty, leading to greater job satisfaction. This in turn will change how university research enterprises create, organize, and share knowledge to solve complex problems in the post-industrial information age.
ContributorsPassantino, Laurel (Author) / Seager, Thomas P (Thesis advisor) / Cantwell, Elizabeth R (Committee member) / Johnston, Erik (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021