Matching Items (3)
Community-based development: scaling up the correct use of misoprostol at home births in Afghanistan
Description
Globally, more than 350 000 women die annually from complications during pregnancy and childbirth (UNFPA, 2011). Nearly 99% of these, according to World Health Organization (WHO) trends (2010) occur in the developing world outside of a hospital setting with limited resources including emergency care (WHO, 2012; UNFPA, 2011). The most prevalent cause of death is postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), accounting for 25% of deaths according to WHO statistics (2012). Conditions in Afghanistan are reflective of the scope and magnitude of the problem. In Afghanistan, maternal mortality is thought to be among the highest in the world. The Afghan Mortality Survey (AMS) data implies that one Afghan woman dies about every 2 hours from pregnancy-related causes (AMS, 2010). Lack of empowerment, education and access to health care resources increase a woman's risk of dying during pregnancy (AMS, 2010). This project aims to investigate the prospects of scaling-up the correct use of misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue, to treat PPH in developing countries where skilled assistance and resources are scant. As there has been little published on the lessons learned from programs already in place, this study is experience-driven, based on the knowledge of industry experts. This study employs a concurrent triangulation approach to synthesize quantitative data obtained from previous studies with qualitative information gathered through the testimonies of key personnel who participated in pilot programs involving misoprostol. There are many obstacles to scaling-up training initiatives in Afghanistan and other low-resource areas. The analysis concludes that the most crucial factors for scaling-up community-based programs include: more studies analyzing lessons learns from community driven approaches; stronger partnerships with community health care workers; overcoming barriers like association with abortion, misuse and product issues; and a heightened global and community awareness of the severity of PPH without treatment. These results have implications for those who actively work in Afghanistan to promote maternal health and other countries that may use Afghanistan's work as a blueprint for reducing maternal mortality through community-based approaches. Keywords: Afghanistan, community-based interventions, community-driven, maternal mortality, MDG5, misoprostol, postpartum hemorrhage, reproduction, scale-up
ContributorsCristy, Candice (Author) / Grossman, Gary (Thesis advisor) / Parmentier, Mary-Jane (Committee member) / Byrd, Denise (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2013
Description
The purpose of this research was to analyze the EPODE Model for the development community-based interventions against childhood obesity and its transferability on a global scale. The Ensemble, Prevenons L'Obesite des Enfant (EPODE: Together Let's Prevent Childhood Obesity) Model was developed in France following the successful results of a community-based intervention there. The Model is illustrated by four pillars that are essential to program implementation and positive results. These pillars are: political support, research & evaluation, social marketing principles and public/private partnerships. Using these four pillars, the model has been transferred to diverse countries around the globe and has shown results in these diverse locations. In order to understand what makes this model so transferrable to so many diverse locations, this researcher traveled to the Netherlands, Belgium and France visiting program locations and interviewing professionals who have been involved in the development of the model, its modification and implementation. These interviews addressed specific modifications to the model that were made for implementation in the Netherlands and Belgium. This paper outlines the key transferrable components of this model and outlines a proposed model to be used in the United States.
ContributorsNielsen, Abigail Fanchon (Author) / Ohri-Vachaspati, Punam (Thesis director) / Barroso, Cristina (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / School of Human Evolution and Social Change (Contributor) / School of Nutrition and Health Promotion (Contributor)
Created2014-05
Description
This study examined the responses of Latino community residents diagnosed with pre-diabetes using a complex convergent mixed methods design nested within a three-factor factorial design (age, language, and gender) to understand the intervention contents and activities that are most important to study participants for helping them to prevent the development and onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Chapter 1 introduces the topic and provides background literature. Chapter 2 systematically synthesized findings from diabetes prevention studies to identify efficacious intervention components and social contextual resources that have been used to support diabetes prevention in Latinos who are prediabetic or at risk of developing diabetes. Chapter 3 analyzed the qualitative portion of one section within the Latino Lifestyles study protocol. Based on the Integrative Mixed Methods (IMM) methodology, we conducted a thematic analysis to identify emergent themes for each of the three focus questions, as administered in individual interviews with 28 Latino and Latina participants. Chapter 4 utilized the findings from Chapter 3 to examine the levels and associations of three potential moderator variables: (a) health motivation, (b) diabetes awareness, and (c) diabetes concern among Latinos diagnosed with prediabetes. A 2x2 cross-tabulation analysis tested group differences in the mention of response phrases as examined by two levels (high versus low) of the potential moderator variables. The study results offered meaningful intervention components such as healthy cooking classes and assistance with lifestyle changes related to diet and exercise for themselves and their families, as expressed by the participants. These findings provide informative intervention components for developing a Latino community-based diabetes prevention program designed to enhance engagement and lifestyle changes for individuals diagnosed with prediabetes.
ContributorsDoucet, Shanna (Author) / Castro, Felipe Gonzalez (Thesis advisor) / Fleury, Julie (Committee member) / Lee, Rebecca E. (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023