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- Creators: Cheng, Shijun
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Description中国律师制度自“文化大革命”结束后恢复至今，已有近四十年。中国律师行业伴随着中国改革开放的进程，得到了飞速的发展，当然，同时也面临着诸多的问题。重要的问题之一便是，中国律师事务所采用“加盟制合伙人”模式和采用“权益制合伙人”模式之争。本文试图从回顾企业边界的三大理论出发，提出“加盟制合伙人”模式和 “权益制合伙人”模式与合伙人律师的业务专业化程度、业务复杂化程度以及大客户和律师事务所规模关系的四个假设，通过实证分析的方式，试图以企业边界三大理论解释前述四个假设中的关系，并以此期望对律师行业的发展有所启发。
ContributorsChu, Xiaoqing (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Shen, Wei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description在新证券法实施当年，企业纷纷变更会计师事务所。基于此背景展开本文的研究。本文主要关注新证券法实施后，事务所变更对审计质量的影响。本文发现，新证券法实施之前，事务所变更并未提升公司的审计质量，反而降低了审计质量，而在新证券法实施引起后，事务所变更对审计质量具有显著的正向作用。一方面，事务所通过增加审计师的人数与改善审计师的学历构成提高审计质量；另一方面，审计师通过提高自身审计审慎程度来应对外部监管环境，提高其审计质量。本文还进行了进一步研究，首先关注“换师不换所”现象的影响，发现排除了该现象影响后，事务所变更对审计质量的正向提升作用更加显著。其次关注公司自身特征的影响，发现新证券法实施后，事务所变更对审计质量的正向影响作用，在企业内部控制较差、民营企业、市场化水平较低时更加显著，表明新证券法实施后，企业通过更换会计师事务所提升了审计质量。最后关注审计师个人特征的影响，本文将审计师个人特征归类为“硬性条件”和“软实力”，发现新证券法实施后事务所变更对审计质量的正向作用，在审计师性别为女、学历较高、审计经验较丰富以及所内职务较高时更加显著。
本文研究发现为新证券法实施提供了经济后果检验证据，并发现事务所通过事务所层面和审计师层面改善其审计行为，补充了相关政策后果研究；同时拓宽了事务所层面的圈层研究，并为审计质量研究提供增量贡献。
ContributorsSun, Yao (Author) / Huang, Xiaochuan (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Zhu, Kevin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description发展战略是一定时期内对企业发展方向、发展速度和质量、发展点及发展能力的重大选择、规划和策略，可以帮助企业指引长远发展方向，明确发展目标，指明发展点，并确定企业需要的发展能力，实现企业的快速、健康和持续发展。战略是公司发展的核心，股权结构是战略执行的重要组成部分，战略决定了企业发展的高度，而股权即是公司治理过程中的核心，又是影响公司绩效的重要因素，在公司运行的过程中有着管理作用。微创医疗科学有限公司在过去十余年发展过程中，始终贯彻“联合舰队”的独特经营理念，并摸索形成一套独特的“上市公司孵化器”创新模式和股权结构。集团一方面像全世界所有的公司一样，是一个生产产品的公司，同时又是一个生产公司的公司，而且是生产上市公司的公司。微创医疗通过打造“医疗联合舰队”的模式来渗透高端医疗器械各个细分板块，确立高端医疗器械龙头地位，并通过各种员工持股平台让高管和核心员工共同参与上市公司孵化，实现资源共享，共同壮大。如今，集团“联合舰队”的战略已呈现出“1+12+5”布局，帮助集团实现指数化增长。本文选择微创医疗作为案例研究对象，通过分析微创医疗独特的“联合舰队”战略和创新股权结构对集团业务发展和集团价值创造等方面的影响，有助于更好地理解微创医疗采用“上市公司孵化器”执行模式的动因，探索生物医药企业赛道多元化发展与企业价值的关系，对生物医药企业的管理实践起到一定参考作用。
ContributorsHuang, Qianping (Author) / Shao, Benjamin (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description房地产上市公司业绩的好坏，不仅仅对证券市场产生很深的影响，也关联中国的金融、经济、以及社会稳定。房地产资金需求大，更多是依靠贷款。财务杠杆是双刃剑，一方面给企业带来更高的效益，另一方面也带来更多的风险，导致绩效的下降。以往国内外学者对房地产资本结构与企业绩效之间关系研究较多，本文考虑到房地产行业会计核算的特殊性以及有息负债自身特点，结合目前国家对房地产“三条红线”的调控，在对房地产企业有息负债结构和绩效现状分析基础上，拟以2009年-2019年我国A股房地产上市公司作为研究对象，研究房地产公司有息负债结构与企业绩效之间的关系。提出并验证了7个假设：我国房地产上市公司净负债率与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；有息负债短期借债比与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；有息负债长期借债比与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；银行贷款占比与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；上市非国有房地产企业的净负债率对经营绩效的倒U形关系比国有企业更显著；严格的土地政策下，上市房地产企业的净负债率对经营绩效的倒U形关系比从宽的土地政策下更显著；严格的货币政策下，上市房地产企业的净负债率对经营绩效的倒U形关系比从宽的货币政策下更显著。本文建立模型进行基本回归，然后进行了稳健性检验，再进一步计算出极值点，寻找最优的有息负债结构。最后结合房地产行业未来趋势，研究通过哪些途径优化企业有息负债结构，并提出了需要进一步解决的问题，为后续研究指明了方向。
ContributorsChen, Min (Author) / Zhu, David (Thesis advisor) / Li, Feng (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description中国税务师事务所这个行业在我国算是一个新兴行业，在国际上也算是比较特别的行业。比如美国、加拿大等主流西方国家没有税务师事务所这个行业。我国的税务师事务所这个行业是整合了西方税务律师以及税务会计师职能成立的一个特别的行业。在这些年我国税务师事务所行业得到了快速的发展，一方面是因为我国的经济快速发展，专业服务业因此得到了快速发展。同时我国的税收法律法规的规范、税收征管技术的提升以及税收管理的后置导致我国对于税收专业服务需求的暴增。税务师事务所行业类似于律师事务所和会计师事务所，但是又明显有别于律师事务所和会计师事务所。与律师事务所相比，税务师事务所具有明显的季节性，税收法律法规变化非常快，整体适用的法律法规相较于律师事务所更窄；而与会计师事务所比较，税收服务的价值弹性明显高于会计师事务所，需要高频与主管的国家权力机关沟通、更讲究实践，主管行政机构行政裁量权很大。
一般而言，税务师事务所的激励机制可以分为“加盟制”或者“合伙制”，而组织形态可以分为独立“子公司”以及“分公司”,不同的激励机制以及不同的组织形态，不仅仅影响每个合伙人，更影响每个员工的心态与切身利益，最后将极大的影响公司的发展。本文尝试从委托代理理论、激励理论、交易成本理论、产权理论、人力资本理论等相关理论阐释相关的关系，并以此希望对正在快速发展的税务师事务所行业的激励机制和组织形态的构建有所启发。
ContributorsGu, Chunxiao (Author) / Huang, Xiaochuan (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Chang, Stanley (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
Chinese commercial banks have experienced a period of fast and stable development since 2007. The adoption of a comprehensive enterprise risk management (ERM) system based on the Basel Accords was a significant event for the banking supervisory authority and the commercial banks during this period. This study investigates the impact of ERM adoption on the financial performance of the commercial banks as well as the underlying mechanisms using longitudinal data of 96 commercial banks from 2007 to 2016. Results from quantitative analyses suggest the following findings. First, ERM adoption had a positive impact on commercial banks’ financial performance after controlling for the negative impacts of factors such as macro economic conditions and fiscal and monetary policies. Second, although this positive impact was partially attributed to increased risk appetite after the adoption of ERM, results show that ERM adoption also increased risk-adjusted financial performance. Lastly, ERM adoption improved commercial banks’ competence in risk management, as indicated by their sensitivity of financial returns to risk exposures. The above findings also received support from interviews and surveys of senior executives of commercial banks and officials of the banking supervisory authorities.
This study contributes to the understanding of how the adoption of ERM influences the financial performance of Chinese commercial banks, and has important practical implications. Based on the empirical findings, I recommend all commercial banks in China to adopt and implement ERM so that they can better cope with the challenges presented by macroeconomic uncertainty, marketization, and internationalization. In the process, it is critical for them to understand the mechanisms through which ERM influences their performance. Meanwhile, they shall be aware of the operational costs associated with the initial adoption of ERM, learn from the experiences of those that have already adopted ERM, and have a long-term orientation about performance effect of ERM adoption. Supervisory authorities can also play a key role in guiding commercial banks to be more effective and efficient in the adoption of ERM.
This study contributes to the understanding of how the adoption of ERM influences the financial performance of Chinese commercial banks, and has important practical implications. Based on the empirical findings, I recommend all commercial banks in China to adopt and implement ERM so that they can better cope with the challenges presented by macroeconomic uncertainty, marketization, and internationalization. In the process, it is critical for them to understand the mechanisms through which ERM influences their performance. Meanwhile, they shall be aware of the operational costs associated with the initial adoption of ERM, learn from the experiences of those that have already adopted ERM, and have a long-term orientation about performance effect of ERM adoption. Supervisory authorities can also play a key role in guiding commercial banks to be more effective and efficient in the adoption of ERM.
ContributorsJia, Guoqing (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Qian, Jun (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2018
Description本文基于我国2006-2020年间IPO的上市公司上市当年的样本数据，研究了IPO视角下大股东控制权结构对上市公司盈利成长性的影响效应及影响机制。首先从机理上探讨了大股东控制权结构对上市公司盈利成长性的影响效应、中介机制和调节机制，并相应地构建了本文的三个研究假说。接下来，本文构建了证研究框架，具体包括模型构建、变量选择与数据选取三方面。最后，进行实证分析以验证本文的三个研究假说。通过实证研究，本文发现：首先，大股东控制权结构对上市公司盈利成长性存在显著影响，具体表现为大股东控制权中直接持股比重越高，上市公司盈利成长性则越低；第二，在大股东控制权中直接持股比重对上市公司盈利成长性的负影响中，存在着来自公司主营业务投入的负向中介效应，约占总影响效应的0.162；第三，在大股东控制权中直接持股比重对上市公司盈利成长性的负影响中，还存在着来自公司主营业务利润的负向调节作用，并且在考虑调节作用后，大股东控制权中直接持股比重对上市公司盈利成长性的直接影响不再显著；第四，大股东控制权中直接持股比重对上市公司盈利成长性的影响效应及其具体作用机制主要存在于制造业公司中，而在非制造业公司中并不明显。
最后，基于研究结论，本文从上市公司治理的角度提出两点提升公司盈利成长性的对策建议：一是上市公司尤其是制造业上市公司，在经营管理中应适度引入外部投资机构；二是上市公司在经营管理过程中应注重于主营业务的发展。
ContributorsLuo, Xuan (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description2021年初笔者所在公司(D公司)邀请第三方咨询公司实施激励机制变革项目，历经半年完成调研、方案设计与培训落地，同年7月1日正式执行新的激励机制方案。 本文以笔者所在公司为实证调研对象，通过激励机制调整前后的两次问卷调查，与两次问卷调查期间的员工访谈与观察、财务数据监控等，深入探究企业激励机制调整前后公司员工敬业度与员工绩效的具体影响。
基于D公司激励机制调整，研究员工敬业度与员工绩效的具体变化，对D公司来说，第一可以验证激励变革效果，审视并梳理公司激励原则。第二可以关注员工敬业度对员工绩效的的作用机制，指导企业发展变革。相关的研究成果对其他激励变革的企业也有一定的借鉴意义，基于本文的实证研究对员工敬业度与员工绩效的作用机制有一定的理论贡献。
激励变革前后员工敬业度的变化，量表采用知名专业咨询公司盖洛普精心设计的工作环境评测与管理工具Q12，这个调研工具已经在世界上许多个大型公司实施、获得良好效果。Q12是设计用来调查员工对工作环境及员工敬业度的一系列题目。我在此基础上加入性别、年龄、工龄等变量，同时加入员工访谈与观察。激励变革前后员工绩效的具体变化，提取财务数据体现。
ContributorsLiu, Donghui (Author) / Zhu, David (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Zhang, Zhen (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description2012年，《绿色信贷指引》发布，标志着成熟的绿色信贷政策体系的开始，该政策奠定了绿色信贷的基础。在绿色信贷政策的影响下，绿色企业是否能够扩大融资规模，降低融资成本，优化融资结构，使得资金向碳中和领域投入；通过该政策，银行信贷实现对社会投资的撬动，能否发挥积极作用；在双碳目标下，现行政策在实现碳中和方面能否起到新的关键作用，尤其是在清洁能源发电等碳中和重点行业；绿色信贷政策是否可通过技术升级推动高碳企业实现低碳转型尚未可知。
为回答上述问题，本文将2012年《绿色信贷指引》的颁布作为准自然实验，以上市公司为样本，运用双重差分模型考察绿色信贷政策对企业融资活动的影响。并就产权性质、行业特征、环境规制压力以及地区发展程度等维度，探讨绿色信贷政策对相关企业融资活动影响的差异性。并结合商业银行相关分行2014-2022年对公表内贷款数据，对绿色与非绿色信贷规模以及加权利率进行对比趋势分析。
最后以上述实证结果为依据，结合商业银行绿色信贷实践，得到本文的主要发现：一是绿色激励过低，绿色属性对于企业融资成本的降低，未能够超过融资期限对融资成本的降低；二是在碳中和重点行业，绿色信贷对社会融资总量的带动能力较弱，体现银行绿色信贷与其他融资此消彼长的现象；三是绿色信贷对重污染行业长期债务规模未有显著影响，反映该企业有其他融资方式的替代，向高成本融资转移；四是重污染企业可通过技术升级实现绿色转型。
在新的双碳背景下，对现行绿色信贷政策提出相关建议：一是完善政策体系，对绿色标准进行统一，企业绿色属性在融资端应给与更高激励；二是现行政策对两高一剩行业的限制与转型起到积极作用，但在推进碳中和领域中需要提升政策适用性；三是该政策后续要在推进转型金融领域发挥更重要作用。
ContributorsZhu, Xiaozhe (Author) / Huang, Shawn (Thesis advisor) / Wang, Tan (Thesis advisor) / Liang, Bing (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023
Description
This paper analyzes China's transformative changes over the past four decades through a microeconomic lens focused on enterprises. Market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises have emerged as a pivotal force driving China's economic development within this context. The article investigates the determinants of their development. Notably, more than half of market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises have entered the inheritance stage, necessitating the exploration of novel attributes for sustained growth.The study's research scope is defined across four dimensions, with a specific focus on approximately 4,000 market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises. It investigates the driving factors behind sustained performance growth at various stages of these enterprises, emphasizing five variables: "partnership governance, entrepreneurial spirit, development strategy, incentive mechanisms, and innovation capability." Employing a combination of "typical case studies" and "group validation" methods, the research examines the factors influencing sustained growth in these enterprises and their interrelationships. The goal is to construct a model for enterprise succession and development, ultimately offering recommendations to foster sustained growth.
The research paper is structured into an introduction, literature review and theoretical foundation, typical case studies, empirical research on a group, and a conclusion.
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Key findings include: Partnership governance positively impacts partners' entrepreneurial spirit, promoting sustained performance growth. Trajectory-oriented development strategies, effective incentive mechanisms, and leading innovation capabilities have a positive moderating effect on entrepreneurial spirit, fostering sustained performance growth. During the innovation development phase, partnership governance significantly influences entrepreneurial spirit with a noteworthy environmental moderation effect.
The paper recommends implementing a "Dual-Factor Improvement Model" that enhances both partnership governance systems and the selection and functioning mechanisms of entrepreneurial spirit partners. This approach aims to boost partners' entrepreneurial spirit and facilitate high-quality succession in market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises，，ultimately achieving sustained high-quality growth.
In conclusion, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of sustained performance growth in enterprises. It offers valuable insights for the succession and development of market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises and innovation-driven entrepreneurship. This research holds significant value in advancing sustained high-quality development among market-oriented non-state-owned enterprises in China, optimizing resource allocation, and nurturing talented individuals.
ContributorsDeng, Cheng (Author) / Shen, Wei (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Wu, Fei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2023