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- All Subjects: Imaging
- All Subjects: NASA JPL
- All Subjects: ROIC
- Creators: Baerwaldt, Morgan Kathleen
- Member of: Theses and Dissertations
- Status: Published
Description
Readout Integrated Circuits(ROICs) are important components of infrared(IR) imag
ing systems. Performance of ROICs affect the quality of images obtained from IR
imaging systems. Contemporary infrared imaging applications demand ROICs that
can support large dynamic range, high frame rate, high output data rate, at low
cost, size and power. Some of these applications are military surveillance, remote
sensing in space and earth science missions and medical diagnosis. This work focuses
on developing a ROIC unit cell prototype for National Aeronautics and Space Ad
ministration(NASA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s(JPL’s) space applications. These
space applications also demand high sensitivity, longer integration times(large well
capacity), wide operating temperature range, wide input current range and immunity
to radiation events such as Single Event Latchup(SEL).
This work proposes a digital ROIC(DROIC) unit cell prototype of 30ux30u size,
to be used mainly with NASA JPL’s High Operating Temperature Barrier Infrared
Detectors(HOT BIRDs). Current state of the art DROICs achieve a dynamic range
of 16 bits using advanced 65-90nm CMOS processes which adds a lot of cost overhead.
The DROIC pixel proposed in this work uses a low cost 180nm CMOS process and
supports a dynamic range of 20 bits operating at a low frame rate of 100 frames per
second(fps), and a dynamic range of 12 bits operating at a high frame rate of 5kfps.
The total electron well capacity of this DROIC pixel is 1.27 billion electrons, enabling
integration times as long as 10ms, to achieve better dynamic range. The DROIC unit
cell uses an in-pixel 12-bit coarse ADC and an external 8-bit DAC based fine ADC.
The proposed DROIC uses layout techniques that make it immune to radiation up to
300krad(Si) of total ionizing dose(TID) and single event latch-up(SEL). It also has a
wide input current range from 10pA to 1uA and supports detectors operating from
Short-wave infrared (SWIR) to longwave infrared (LWIR) regions.
ing systems. Performance of ROICs affect the quality of images obtained from IR
imaging systems. Contemporary infrared imaging applications demand ROICs that
can support large dynamic range, high frame rate, high output data rate, at low
cost, size and power. Some of these applications are military surveillance, remote
sensing in space and earth science missions and medical diagnosis. This work focuses
on developing a ROIC unit cell prototype for National Aeronautics and Space Ad
ministration(NASA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s(JPL’s) space applications. These
space applications also demand high sensitivity, longer integration times(large well
capacity), wide operating temperature range, wide input current range and immunity
to radiation events such as Single Event Latchup(SEL).
This work proposes a digital ROIC(DROIC) unit cell prototype of 30ux30u size,
to be used mainly with NASA JPL’s High Operating Temperature Barrier Infrared
Detectors(HOT BIRDs). Current state of the art DROICs achieve a dynamic range
of 16 bits using advanced 65-90nm CMOS processes which adds a lot of cost overhead.
The DROIC pixel proposed in this work uses a low cost 180nm CMOS process and
supports a dynamic range of 20 bits operating at a low frame rate of 100 frames per
second(fps), and a dynamic range of 12 bits operating at a high frame rate of 5kfps.
The total electron well capacity of this DROIC pixel is 1.27 billion electrons, enabling
integration times as long as 10ms, to achieve better dynamic range. The DROIC unit
cell uses an in-pixel 12-bit coarse ADC and an external 8-bit DAC based fine ADC.
The proposed DROIC uses layout techniques that make it immune to radiation up to
300krad(Si) of total ionizing dose(TID) and single event latch-up(SEL). It also has a
wide input current range from 10pA to 1uA and supports detectors operating from
Short-wave infrared (SWIR) to longwave infrared (LWIR) regions.
ContributorsPraveen, Subramanya Chilukuri (Author) / Bakkaloglu, Bertan (Thesis advisor) / Kitchen, Jennifer (Committee member) / Long, Yu (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description
The NASA Psyche Iron Meteorite Imaging System (IMIS) is a standalone system created to image metal meteorites from ASU’s Center for Meteorite Studies’ collection that have an etched surface. Meteorite scientists have difficulty obtaining true-to-life images of meteorites through traditional photography methods due to the meteorites’ shiny, irregular surfaces, which interferes with their ability to identify meteorites’ component materials through image analysis. Using the IMIS, scientists can easily and consistently obtain glare-free photographs of meteorite surface that are suitable for future use in an artificial intelligence-based meteorite component analysis system. The IMIS integrates a lighting system, a mounted camera, a sample positioning area, a meteorite leveling/positioning system, and a touch screen control panel featuring an interface that allows the user to see a preview of the image to be taken as well as an edge detection view, a glare detection view, a button that allows the user to remotely take the picture, and feedback if very high levels of glare are detected that may indicate a camera or positioning error. Initial research and design work were completed by the end of Fall semester, and Spring semester consisted of building and testing the system. The current system is fully functional, and photos taken by the current system have been approved by a meteorite expert and an AI expert. The funding for this project was tentatively capped at $1000 for miscellaneous expenses, not including a camera to be supplied by the School of Earth and Space Exploration. When SESE was unable to provide a camera, an additional $4000 were allotted for camera expenses. So far, $1935 of the total $5000 budget has been spent on the project, putting the project $3065 under budget. While this system is a functional prototype, future capstone projects may involve the help of industrial designers to improve the technician’s experience through automating the sample positioning process.
ContributorsBaerwaldt, Morgan Kathleen (Author) / Bowman, Cassie (Thesis director) / Kozicki, Michael (Committee member) / School of Art (Contributor) / Electrical Engineering Program (Contributor, Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2019-05