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Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (M. fascicularis) macaques are the most commonly used nonhuman primate models in biomedical research. It is therefore critical to correctly infer each study animal's ABO blood group phenotype to prevent fatal transfusion- and transplantation-induced immune responses. While most macaques can be efficiently and accurately phenotyped

Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (M. fascicularis) macaques are the most commonly used nonhuman primate models in biomedical research. It is therefore critical to correctly infer each study animal's ABO blood group phenotype to prevent fatal transfusion- and transplantation-induced immune responses. While most macaques can be efficiently and accurately phenotyped using a DNA-based assay, we have identified some animals that are unable to be classified as type A, B, or AB and therefore exhibit an indeterminate phenotype. The purpose of this study was to develop a protocol for resolving indeterminate blood group phenotypes and consequently determine if these animals do indeed belong to an O blood phenotype. We attempted both direct and cloning-based sequencing of 21 animals phenotyped as A, B, AB, or indeterminate in order to assess variation at the functional mutation site in exon 7 of the macaque ABO gene. Although direct-from-PCR Sanger sequencing was unable to generate reliable sequence results, our cloned plasmid protocol yielded high quality sequences consistent with known blood group-specific alleles and as such can be used to identify informative polymorphisms at this locus.
ContributorsVizor, Choice Popsira (Author) / Kanthaswamy, Sreetharan (Thesis director) / Oldt, Robert (Committee member) / Department of Information Systems (Contributor) / School of Life Sciences (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2018-05
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Description

The study of macaque monkeys harbors advancements in the field of biomedical research. It is imperative to understand the genetic composition of different species of macaques to assess their accuracy as non-human primate (NHP) models for disease detection and treatment assessments. We sought to characterize the hybridization and admixture of

The study of macaque monkeys harbors advancements in the field of biomedical research. It is imperative to understand the genetic composition of different species of macaques to assess their accuracy as non-human primate (NHP) models for disease detection and treatment assessments. We sought to characterize the hybridization and admixture of the Southeast Asian macaques using single nucleotide polymorphism markers and analyzing the populations on the mainland and the island. Using AMOVA tests and STRUCTURE analysis, we determined that there are three distinct populations: Macaca mulatta, M. fascicularis fascicularis, and M. f. aurea. Furthermore, the island species holds an isolated population of M. f. aurea that demonstrate high inbreeding and genetic uniqueness compared to the mainland species. Findings from this study confirm that NHP models may need to be modified or updated according to changing allelic frequencies and genetic drift.

ContributorsFalak, Asiya (Author) / Kanthaswamy, Sreetharan (Thesis director) / Oldt, Robert (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Computer Science and Engineering Program (Contributor) / School of Life Sciences (Contributor)
Created2022-05