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- Genre: Masters Thesis
Description
This work focuses on simulation of electrical resistivity and optical behaviors of thin films, where an Ag or Au thin layer is embedded in zinc oxide. Enhanced conductivity and transparency were earlier achieved with multilayer structured transparent conducting oxide (TCO) sandwich layer with metal (TCO/metal/TCO). Sputtering pattern of metal layer is simulated to obtain the morphology, covered area fraction, and the percolation strength. The resistivity as a function of the metal layer thickness fits the modeled trend of covered area fraction beyond the percolation threshold. This result not only presents the robustness of the simulation, but also demonstrates the influence of metal morphology in multilayer structure. Effective medium coefficients are defined from the coverage and percolation strength to obtain simulated optical transmittance which matches experimental observation. The coherence of resistivity and optical transmittance validates the simulation of the sputtered pattern and the incorporation of percolation theory in the model.
ContributorsFang, Chia-Ling (Author) / Alford, Terry L. (Thesis advisor) / Crozier, Peter (Committee member) / Theodore, David (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2012
Description
The intramandibular joint (IMJ) in Helostoma temminckii, also known as kissing gourami, is located in the lower jaw at the articulation of the dentary and angular-articular bones. These fish are known for a ‘kissing’ behavior, facilitated by the IMJ, which allows the jaws to protrude and rotate making the mouth appear to look like pursed lips. The IMJ has independently evolved in the teleost lineage multiple times, and the mechanics are slightly different in each lineage. In kissing gourami, there are no muscular connections to the region of the lower jaw anterior to the IMJ, thus the IMJ is something of an enigma in terms of how it is mobilized during feeding, and moreover returned to a resting state after feeding. High-speed video was used to examine lateral expansion particularly in the regions of the intramandibular joint (IMJ) and the quadratomandibular (QMJ) joint. Individuals were filmed from a lateral and ventral view simultaneously during food capture. From the data, it appears that the expansion at the IMJ contributes to lateral expansion of the head during food capture. Lateral expansion at the location of the IMJ appears to occur in tandem with rotation about that joint; however, lateral expansion in this species is also rather slight due to their extremely rigid heads.
ContributorsLevy, Taylor (Author) / Ferry, Lara (Thesis advisor) / Gibb, Alice (Committee member) / Polidoro, Beth (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
This study examined bite force generation in American monkfish (Lophius americanus) and how it scaled with size, focusing in particular on the roles of the quadratomandibularis (QM) muscle and mechanical advantage in jaw closure in this species. Considering the feeding strategy of other anglerfishes, it was hypothesized that monkfish would trend towards force optimization rather than speed optimization in terms of the jaw closing system. The data revealed that bite force has a slightly positive allometric scaling relationship with size, while mechanical advantage was constant throughout growth. Maximum theoretical bite force ranged from 8 N to 87 N, with total lengths ranging from 17 cm to 51 cm. When comparing the bite force of the American monkfish to that of 10 other fish species, small monkfish exhibit a bite comparable to similarly sized species. However, larger monkfish were estimated to have a stronger bite than organisms of similar size.
ContributorsSawant, Sarika (Author) / Ferry, Lara (Thesis advisor) / Barley, Anthony (Committee member) / Shiffman, David (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2024