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- Member of: ASU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Description
William Levi Dawson (1899-1990), director of the Tuskegee Institute Choir from 1931 to 1956, was one of the most important arrangers of Negro spirituals in the twentieth century. He is also remembered as an outstanding composer, conductor, speaker, and leader of festival choruses. His arrangements are still sung by choirs all over the world. Save a small number of dissertations and various articles, however, very little has been written about him. In fact, almost no significant writing has been undertaken utilizing the Dawson papers held at the Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Books Library at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia. This study utilizes that collection in examining four areas of Dawson's life: his work as a composer, his work as an arranger of Negro spirituals, his work as a choral conductor and music pedagogue, and his life as an African American man living in segregated times. Dawson is shown as a thoughtful, deliberate practitioner of his art who built his career with intention, and who, through his various activities, sought both to affirm the traditional music of his people and to transcend his era's problems with the definitions, associations, and prejudices attached to the term "race." Using a diverse selection of letters, notes, and speeches held in the archive, it is possible to develop a fuller, more nuanced portrait of Dawson. Through a thorough examination of a select few of these documents, his growth can be traced from a young composer living in Chicago, to a college choral director dealing with the realities of racial inequality in the mid-twentieth century, to a seasoned, respected elder in his field, endeavoring to pass on to others knowledge of the music he spent his life arranging and teaching.
ContributorsHuff, Vernon Edward (Author) / Schildkret, David (Thesis advisor) / Norton, Kay (Committee member) / Tobias, Evan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2013
Description
The focus of this study was the first Serbian opera, Na Uranku (At Dawn). It was written by Stanislav Binièki (1872-1942) and was first performed in 1903 at the National Theatre in Belgrade. There were two objectives of this project: (1) a live concert performance of the opera, which produced an audio recording that can be found as an appendix; and, (2) an accompanying document containing a history and an analysis of the work. While Binièki's opera is recognized as an extraordinary artistic achievement, and a new genre of musical enrichment for Serbian music, little had been previously written either about the composer or the work. At Dawn is a romantic opera in the verismo tradition with national elements. The significance of this opera is not only in its artistic expression but also in how it helped the music of Serbia evolve. Early opera settings in Serbia in the mid-nineteenth to early twentieth century did not have the same wealth of history upon which to draw as had existed in the rich operatic oeuvre in Western Europe and Russia. Similarly, conditions for performance were not satisfactory, as were no professional orchestras or singers. Furthermore, audiences were not accustomed to this type of art form. The opera served as an educational instrument for the audience, not only training them to a different type of music but also evolving its national consciousness. Binièki's opera was a foundation on which later generations of composers built. The artistic value of this opera is emphasized. The musical language includes an assimilation of various influences from Western Europe and Russia, properly incorporated into the Serbian musical core. Audience reaction is discussed, a positive affirmation that Binièki was moving in the right direction in establishing a path for the further development of the artistic field of Serbian musical culture. A synopsis of the work as well as the requisite performing forces is also included.
ContributorsMinov, Jana (Author) / Russell, Timothy (Thesis advisor) / Levy, Benjamin (Committee member) / Schildkret, David (Committee member) / Rogers, Rodney (Committee member) / Reber, William (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2011
Description
The performance of Charles Ives's art songs can be challenging to even the most experienced singers, but to beginning singers, they may be even more so, due to such twentieth-century aspects as polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatoric elements, and quarter tones. However, Ives used previously existing material, often familiar hymn tunes, as the foundation for many of his art songs. If beginning students first are exposed to this borrowed material, such as a simple hymn tune, which should be well within even the most experienced singer's comfort range, they can then learn this tune first, as a more simplistic reference point, and then focus on how Ives altered the tunes, rather then having to learn what seems like an entirely new melody. In this way, Ives's art songs can become more accessible to less-experienced singers. This paper outlines a method for researching and learning the borrowed materials in Ives's songs that utilize them, and reviews materials already commonly used by voice teachers to help beginning students learn their music. By combining this method, which focuses on the borrowed materials, with standard practices teachers can then help their beginning students more easily learn and perform Ives's art songs. Four songs, from the set "Four Hymn Tune Settings" by Charles Ives are used to illustrate this method.
ContributorsRuhleder, Kathleen (Author) / FitzPatrick, Carole (Thesis advisor) / Dreyfoos, Dale (Committee member) / Carpenter, Ellon (Committee member) / May, Judy (Committee member) / Schildkret, David (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2012
Description
Abstract
Among Georg Philipp Telemann’s most-performed works is his setting of Psalm 117 (Psalm 116, Vulgate), Laudate Jehovam, TWV 7:25. There are three sources; Telemann’s autograph score (heavily marked and corrected by Telemann’s grandson, Georg Michael), a contemporary set of parts by a copyist, and another set of parts by Georg Michael Telemann based on his corrections to the autograph score. There are currently at least seven editions of this work readily available, none of which fully agrees with the autograph manuscript or original parts. The editions also differ substantially from one another: for example, two of them are in a different key from the others. This clearly points to the need for a new edition.
Further, the additions and corrections by Georg Michael Telemann are interesting. These fall into several categories: changes made to correct errors or clarify ambiguities in Georg Philipp Telemann’s original, changes made to reflect performance practice that Georg Philipp might have assumed but that were no longer customary in Georg Michael’s time, adjustments to melody and rhythm that may reflect Georg Michael’s personal taste and preference, and the addition of parts for oboe and viola, along with significant changes to the second violin part that suggest that Georg Michael’s version was intended for performance by a chorus and orchestra, whereas Georg Philipp’s original could be performed as a chamber work, with one singer and instrumentalist per part, or by a larger ensemble.
A discussion of the piece, along with scores of both the original version and Georg Michael’s version, provides both scholars and performers with greater insight into this brief but significant work.
Among Georg Philipp Telemann’s most-performed works is his setting of Psalm 117 (Psalm 116, Vulgate), Laudate Jehovam, TWV 7:25. There are three sources; Telemann’s autograph score (heavily marked and corrected by Telemann’s grandson, Georg Michael), a contemporary set of parts by a copyist, and another set of parts by Georg Michael Telemann based on his corrections to the autograph score. There are currently at least seven editions of this work readily available, none of which fully agrees with the autograph manuscript or original parts. The editions also differ substantially from one another: for example, two of them are in a different key from the others. This clearly points to the need for a new edition.
Further, the additions and corrections by Georg Michael Telemann are interesting. These fall into several categories: changes made to correct errors or clarify ambiguities in Georg Philipp Telemann’s original, changes made to reflect performance practice that Georg Philipp might have assumed but that were no longer customary in Georg Michael’s time, adjustments to melody and rhythm that may reflect Georg Michael’s personal taste and preference, and the addition of parts for oboe and viola, along with significant changes to the second violin part that suggest that Georg Michael’s version was intended for performance by a chorus and orchestra, whereas Georg Philipp’s original could be performed as a chamber work, with one singer and instrumentalist per part, or by a larger ensemble.
A discussion of the piece, along with scores of both the original version and Georg Michael’s version, provides both scholars and performers with greater insight into this brief but significant work.
ContributorsOh, Eunmi (Author) / Schildkret, David (Thesis advisor) / Evans, Bartlett (Committee member) / Solis, Theodore (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description
The piano-vocal scores of musical theatre songs often contain simplistic and uninspired piano writing. Characteristically, the scores have right-hand figuration that doubles the voice line, restricting the singer from having the rhythmic and melodic freedom that is an essential component of the style. In addition, the piano-vocal scores have shallow bass lines and thin textures, making it difficult for the pianist to offer the support and expression that the music deserves. Editors may choose this writing style to make the score pianistically accessible for voice teachers accompanying their students, or to provide melodic assistance for less experienced singers. Conductor-vocal scores do exist and more closely resemble what an orchestra might play, but they are expensive, at times only available as rental scores, or highly inconvenient to locate. Therefore, I have designed twelve techniques to enhance piano-vocal scores, and will demonstrate those techniques through seven songs selected from the canon of musical theatre repertoire. The project is intended to be a teaching tool for advanced collaborative pianists working with advanced musical theatre singers, as many of the techniques create virtuosic piano writing and are designed for use with little to no prior rehearsal, which could potentially distract, rather than benefit, a beginning singer. The ultimate aim of enhancing the piano-vocal score is for the finished product to be creative and inspiring. Further objectives include: the creation of orchestral textures, allowing the singer more freedom, the creation of a piano part that is technically rewarding, and piano writing that inspires the singer. Through my descriptions of the techniques and discussions of the piano-vocal score enhancements, I hope to demonstrate that the singer, pianist, and audience all benefit when collaborative pianists enhance the piano-vocal score of musical theater repertoire.
ContributorsNamminga, Jaime (Author) / Campbell, Andrew (Thesis advisor) / Carpenter, Ellon (Committee member) / FitzPatrick, Carole (Committee member) / Ryan, Russell (Committee member) / Schildkret, David (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
The symphonies of Gustav Mahler (1860 - 1911) constitute an essential element of the orchestral repertory; they are therefore essential for young conductors to understand and for instrumentalists to play. Yet they are impractical in many school situations because they call for large orchestras. One solution to this problem is for the conductor to study the original, full version of the works as Mahler composed them, but to consider performing one of the reduced instrumentations now available. A smaller-scale version provides an opportunity for both the conductor and the instrumentalists to confront the challenges of performing Mahler's music and to explore Mahler's musical language and style in a more manageable setting.
This project focuses on Mahler's Fourth Symphony, which is available in two reduced orchestrations: one by Erwin Stein made in 1921 and another by Klaus Simon from 2007. This paper is part of a larger project that includes a lecture-recital with commentary and a performance of the symphony in the more recent Simon arrangement (documented on video). It presents some background on Mahler's Fourth Symphony and compares the two reduced instrumentations to Mahler's original and to one another. Taken together, the parts of this project demonstrate an approach to learning and performing Mahler's music in a more accessible and practical setting for student conductors.
This project focuses on Mahler's Fourth Symphony, which is available in two reduced orchestrations: one by Erwin Stein made in 1921 and another by Klaus Simon from 2007. This paper is part of a larger project that includes a lecture-recital with commentary and a performance of the symphony in the more recent Simon arrangement (documented on video). It presents some background on Mahler's Fourth Symphony and compares the two reduced instrumentations to Mahler's original and to one another. Taken together, the parts of this project demonstrate an approach to learning and performing Mahler's music in a more accessible and practical setting for student conductors.
ContributorsKwon, JungHwan (Author) / Schildkret, David (Thesis advisor) / Caslor, Jason (Committee member) / Oldani, Robert (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
This research paper recounts the work done in founding an opera company and putting on its inaugural show. It also provides some of the insights acquired during the process, which may be helpful for other future opera producers in creating a framework and guideposts for starting their own companies. The paper consists of two main sections followed by several short appendices.
The first section methodically reconstructs the process by which Windy City Opera's La Bohème was brought to the stage. It covers the background experiences that prompted the author to found her own company, the research and decisions involved, and the interplay between the company's overall goals and the resources available for a first production. The business, casting, rehearsing, and marketing aspects are reviewed in detail, as well as several mistakes that were made during the process that afforded valuable learning opportunities.
The second section follows up on these and other opportunities by sketching an ideal plan that opera startups might follow; the principal topics are timeline, budgeting, fundraising, venue selection, personnel selection, and marketing.
The appendices consist of worksheets and materials meant to illustrate and supplement this written how-to guide, as well as a video of the Windy City Opera production of La Bohème.
The first section methodically reconstructs the process by which Windy City Opera's La Bohème was brought to the stage. It covers the background experiences that prompted the author to found her own company, the research and decisions involved, and the interplay between the company's overall goals and the resources available for a first production. The business, casting, rehearsing, and marketing aspects are reviewed in detail, as well as several mistakes that were made during the process that afforded valuable learning opportunities.
The second section follows up on these and other opportunities by sketching an ideal plan that opera startups might follow; the principal topics are timeline, budgeting, fundraising, venue selection, personnel selection, and marketing.
The appendices consist of worksheets and materials meant to illustrate and supplement this written how-to guide, as well as a video of the Windy City Opera production of La Bohème.
ContributorsO'Shaughnessy, Catherine (Author) / Dreyfoos, Dale (Thesis advisor) / Schildkret, David (Thesis advisor) / Oldani, Robert (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
ABSTRACT
The early music revival in Paris, which came into full swing in the 1890s, had a defining impact on the composer Claude Debussy. Among the leaders of this movement were the Chanteurs de Saint Gervais under the direction of Charles Bordes and the Schola Cantorum, a school Bordes founded for the study and performance of early music in Paris. Debussy wrote admiringly of the performances of the Chanteurs and opera productions he saw at the Schola. He also spoke of the revelatory nature of performances of Renaissance masses that he heard in Italy after he won the Prix de Rome. Finally, he most likely visited Solesmes, important in the revival of plainchant. Hitherto unknown documents raise questions about the date of that visit, which most likely took place in 1892 or 1893.
A powerful manifestation of the influence of early music on Debussy’s compositional style is a melodic gesture that he referred to as “arabesque.” Debussy made many comments about the “divine arabesque,” which he related to the “primitives,” Palestrina, Victoria, and di Lasso. Further, Debussy connected those composers’ use of the arabesque to plainchant: “They found the basis of [the arabesque] in Gregorian chant, whose delicate tracery they supported with twining counterpoints.”
Debussy’s writings on early music provide a deeper context for understanding how plainchant, as well as music from the Renaissance, contributed to his compositional style, specifically in his use of modes and his notion of the arabesque. These influences are especially apparent in his only a cappella choral work, Trois chansons de Charles d’Orléans.
Until now, analysis of the Trois chansons has not sufficiently considered the importance of either plainchant or the arabesque and their influence on the style and character of this work. Viewing Debussy’s musical aesthetic through the lens of plainchant and the arabesque brings his music to life in a new and exciting way, resulting in a richer understanding and more informed performance practice, especially in the Trois chansons de Charles d’Orléans.
The early music revival in Paris, which came into full swing in the 1890s, had a defining impact on the composer Claude Debussy. Among the leaders of this movement were the Chanteurs de Saint Gervais under the direction of Charles Bordes and the Schola Cantorum, a school Bordes founded for the study and performance of early music in Paris. Debussy wrote admiringly of the performances of the Chanteurs and opera productions he saw at the Schola. He also spoke of the revelatory nature of performances of Renaissance masses that he heard in Italy after he won the Prix de Rome. Finally, he most likely visited Solesmes, important in the revival of plainchant. Hitherto unknown documents raise questions about the date of that visit, which most likely took place in 1892 or 1893.
A powerful manifestation of the influence of early music on Debussy’s compositional style is a melodic gesture that he referred to as “arabesque.” Debussy made many comments about the “divine arabesque,” which he related to the “primitives,” Palestrina, Victoria, and di Lasso. Further, Debussy connected those composers’ use of the arabesque to plainchant: “They found the basis of [the arabesque] in Gregorian chant, whose delicate tracery they supported with twining counterpoints.”
Debussy’s writings on early music provide a deeper context for understanding how plainchant, as well as music from the Renaissance, contributed to his compositional style, specifically in his use of modes and his notion of the arabesque. These influences are especially apparent in his only a cappella choral work, Trois chansons de Charles d’Orléans.
Until now, analysis of the Trois chansons has not sufficiently considered the importance of either plainchant or the arabesque and their influence on the style and character of this work. Viewing Debussy’s musical aesthetic through the lens of plainchant and the arabesque brings his music to life in a new and exciting way, resulting in a richer understanding and more informed performance practice, especially in the Trois chansons de Charles d’Orléans.
ContributorsRynex, Carolyn Rose (Author) / Schildkret, David (Thesis advisor) / Kopta, Anne (Committee member) / Saucier, Catherine (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
Canadian composer, conductor, pianist, and organist Donald Patriquin (b. 1938) is
best known for his choral folksong arrangements but is also a composer of many original
works. Songs of Innocence, which Patriquin calls “one of my very best choral works,”
exemplifies his approach to setting text to music and provides a rich opportunity for
understanding Patriquin’s method of selecting text, creating a kind of libretto out of the
available text, setting the text to music, and conceiving of and composing instrumental
parts equal in importance to the choral parts. Also evident in this work is his attention to
such elements as precise word painting, varied theoretical approaches, and a general
musical aesthetic that focuses on beauty. This quintessential composition provides
important insights into Patriquin’s personal artistry and his approach to composition.
Patriquin does not fit text to music; instead, all of the musical elements are generated out
of the textual nuances. Patriquin’s comments on the work and his process, gleaned from
extensive email correspondence and his attendance at the U.S. premiere of the work,
provide important insights that can inform conductors and singers of his music. The study
of this suite highlights Patriquin’s expert crafting of musical elements and the methodical
layering of elements he combines to tell the musical story. Pairing Patriquin’s email
correspondence with an in-depth look at Songs of Innocence reveals his overarching
compositional ideas and underlying musical motivations.
best known for his choral folksong arrangements but is also a composer of many original
works. Songs of Innocence, which Patriquin calls “one of my very best choral works,”
exemplifies his approach to setting text to music and provides a rich opportunity for
understanding Patriquin’s method of selecting text, creating a kind of libretto out of the
available text, setting the text to music, and conceiving of and composing instrumental
parts equal in importance to the choral parts. Also evident in this work is his attention to
such elements as precise word painting, varied theoretical approaches, and a general
musical aesthetic that focuses on beauty. This quintessential composition provides
important insights into Patriquin’s personal artistry and his approach to composition.
Patriquin does not fit text to music; instead, all of the musical elements are generated out
of the textual nuances. Patriquin’s comments on the work and his process, gleaned from
extensive email correspondence and his attendance at the U.S. premiere of the work,
provide important insights that can inform conductors and singers of his music. The study
of this suite highlights Patriquin’s expert crafting of musical elements and the methodical
layering of elements he combines to tell the musical story. Pairing Patriquin’s email
correspondence with an in-depth look at Songs of Innocence reveals his overarching
compositional ideas and underlying musical motivations.
ContributorsNeish, Julie (Author) / Schildkret, David (Thesis advisor) / Solis, Theodore (Committee member) / DeMaris, Brian (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2017
Description
ABSTRACT In this study, I used a qualitative approach to explore the music teacher role identities of six beginning music teachers prior to, during, and after their student teaching experience. Data collection included participant-observation, interviews, and e-mail communication. Specifically, I looked at what each of these beginning music teachers discussed when describing themselves in the role of music teacher. These participants' music teacher role identities appeared to focus on four main components, while also remaining unique from one another. Those four components were: musical selves, instructional selves, professional selves, and ideological selves. Further, the participants' role identities appeared to change from the period prior to student teaching through student teaching to the time after their student teaching experience. Based on data gleaned from the participants in this study, I created my own definition of music teacher role identity. This study's findings suggest further research using a longitudinal approach to explore the role identities of music teachers at various stages of their careers.
ContributorsPaise, Michele Paynter (Author) / Schmidt, Margaret (Thesis advisor) / Stauffer, Sandra L (Committee member) / Bush, Jeffrey (Committee member) / Sullivan, Jill M (Committee member) / Schildkret, David (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2010