Matching Items (9)
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- All Subjects: Rehabilitation
- Creators: McDaniel, Troy
- Creators: Marvi, Hamidreza
- Resource Type: Text
Description
This paper presents the design and evaluation of a haptic interface for augmenting human-human interpersonal interactions by delivering facial expressions of an interaction partner to an individual who is blind using a visual-to-tactile mapping of facial action units and emotions. Pancake shaftless vibration motors are mounted on the back of a chair to provide vibrotactile stimulation in the context of a dyadic (one-on-one) interaction across a table. This work explores the design of spatiotemporal vibration patterns that can be used to convey the basic building blocks of facial movements according to the Facial Action Unit Coding System. A behavioral study was conducted to explore the factors that influence the naturalness of conveying affect using vibrotactile cues.
ContributorsBala, Shantanu (Author) / Panchanathan, Sethuraman (Thesis director) / McDaniel, Troy (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Computer Science and Engineering Program (Contributor) / Department of Psychology (Contributor)
Created2014-05
Description
Skin and muscle receptors in the leg and foot provide able-bodied humans with force and position information that is crucial for balance and movement control. In lower-limb amputees however, this vital information is either missing or incomplete. Amputees typically compensate for the loss of sensory information by relying on haptic feedback from the stump-socket interface. Unfortunately, this is not an adequate substitute. Areas of the stump that directly interface with the socket are also prone to painful irritation, which further degrades haptic feedback. The lack of somatosensory feedback from prosthetic legs causes several problems for lower-limb amputees. Previous studies have established that the lack of adequate sensory feedback from prosthetic limbs contributes to poor balance and abnormal gait kinematics. These improper gait kinematics can, in turn, lead to the development of musculoskeletal diseases. Finally, the absence of sensory information has been shown to lead to steeper learning curves and increased rehabilitation times, which hampers amputees from recovering from the trauma. In this study, a novel haptic feedback system for lower-limb amputees was develped, and studies were performed to verify that information presented was sufficiently accurate and precise in comparison to a Bertec 4060-NC force plate. The prototype device consisted of a sensorized insole, a belt-mounted microcontroller, and a linear array of four vibrotactile motors worn on the thigh. The prototype worked by calculating the center of pressure in the anteroposterior plane, and applying a time-discrete vibrotactile stimulus based on the location of the center of pressure.
ContributorsKaplan, Gabriel Benjamin (Author) / Abbas, James (Thesis director) / McDaniel, Troy (Committee member) / School of Life Sciences (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2018-05
Description
This paper presents a system to deliver automated, noninvasive, and effective fine motor rehabilitation through a rhythm-based game using a Leap Motion Controller. The system is a rhythm game where hand gestures are used as input and must match the rhythm and gestures shown on screen, thus allowing a physical therapist to represent an exercise session involving the user's hand and finger joints as a series of patterns. Fine motor rehabilitation plays an important role in the recovery and improvement of the effects of stroke, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and more. Individuals with these conditions possess a wide range of impairment in terms of fine motor movement. The serious game developed takes this into account and is designed to work with individuals with different levels of impairment. In a pilot study, under partnership with South West Advanced Neurological Rehabilitation (SWAN Rehab) in Phoenix, Arizona, we compared the performance of individuals with fine motor impairment to individuals without this impairment to determine whether a human-centered approach and adapting to an user's range of motion can allow an individual with fine motor impairment to perform at a similar level as a non-impaired user.
ContributorsShah, Vatsal Nimishkumar (Author) / McDaniel, Troy (Thesis director) / Tadayon, Ramin (Committee member) / Computer Science and Engineering Program (Contributor) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor)
Created2018-05
Description
Human walking has been a highly studied topic in research communities because of its extreme importance to human functionality and mobility. A complex system of interconnected gait mechanisms in humans is responsible for generating robust and consistent walking motion over unpredictable ground and through challenging obstacles. One interesting aspect of human gait is the ability to adjust in order to accommodate varying surface grades. Typical approaches to investigating this gait function focus on incline and decline surface angles, but most experiments fail to address the effects of surface grades that cause ankle inversion and eversion. There have been several studies of ankle angle perturbation over wider ranges of grade orientations in static conditions; however, these studies do not account for effects during the gait cycle. Furthermore, contemporary studies on this topic neglect critical sources of unnatural stimulus in the design of investigative technology. It is hypothesized that the investigation of ankle angle perturbations in the frontal plane, particularly in the context of inter-leg coordination mechanisms, results in a more complete characterization of the effects of surface grade on human gait mechanisms. This greater understanding could potentially lead to significant applications in gait rehabilitation, especially for individuals who suffer from impairment as a result of stroke. A wearable pneumatic device was designed to impose inversion and eversion perturbations on the ankle through simulated surface grade changes. This prototype device was fabricated, characterized, and tested in order to assess its effectiveness. After testing and characterizing this device, it was used in a series of experiments on human subjects while data was gathered on muscular activation and gait kinematics. The results of the characterization show success in imposing inversion and eversion angle perturbations of approximately 9° with a response time of 0.5 s. Preliminary experiments focusing on inter-leg coordination with healthy human subjects show that one-sided inversion and eversion perturbations have virtually no effect on gait kinematics. However, changes in muscular activation from one-sided perturbations show statistical significance in key lower limb muscles. Thus, the prototype device demonstrates novelty in the context of human gait research for potential applications in rehabilitation.
ContributorsBarkan, Andrew (Author) / Artemiadis, Panagiotis (Thesis advisor) / Lee, Hyunglae (Committee member) / Marvi, Hamidreza (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
Over the past decade, fall related injuries and death among individuals 65 and older due to osteosarcopenia have increased significantly. To reduce the risk of recurrent falls among the elderly caused by osteosarcopenia, a soft-body pneumatically stabilizing device is designed. A few different actuation methods are considered, both rigid and soft body actuators, before deciding the best fit for the design goals of the wearable assistive device. Much of the design is developed through numerically modeling and analyzing the human upper body as an inverted pendulum. Through this method, common characteristics of falling behavior are identified to develop a control system that counteracts falling motion with pneumatically produced forces. An emphasis on human-oriented design provides much of the framework for translating the numerical model of forces into a device that prioritizes user comfort without sacrificing assistive performance.
ContributorsJohansen, Max (Author) / Grewal, Anoop (Thesis director) / Marvi, Hamidreza (Committee member) / Barrett, The Honors College (Contributor) / Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program (Contributor)
Created2022-12
Description
The Soft Robotic Hip Exosuit (SR-HExo) was designed, fabricated, and tested in treadmill walking experiments with healthy participants to gauge effectivity of the suit in assisting locomotion and in expanding the basin of entrainment as a method of rehabilitation. The SR-HExo consists of modular, compliant materials to move freely with a user’s range of motion and is actuated with X-oriented flat fabric pneumatic artificial muscles (X-ff-PAM) that contract when pressurized and can generate 190N of force at 200kPa in a 0.3 sec window. For use in gait assistance experiments, X-ff-PAM actuators were placed anterior and posterior to the right hip joint. Extension assistance and flexion assistance was provided in 10-45% and 50-90% of the gait cycle, respectively. Device effectivity was determined through range of motion (ROM) preservation and hip flexor and extensor muscular activity reduction. While the active suit reduced average hip ROM by 4o from the target 30o, all monitored muscles experienced significant reductions in electrical activity. The gluteus maximus and biceps femoris experienced electrical activity reduction of 13.1% and 6.6% respectively and the iliacus and rectus femoris experienced 10.7% and 27.7% respectively. To test suit rehabilitative potential, the actuators were programmed to apply periodic torque perturbations to induce locomotor entrainment. An X-ff-PAM was contracted at
the subject’s preferred gait frequency and, in randomly ordered increments of 3%, increased up to 15% beyond.
Perturbations located anterior and posterior to the hip were tested separately to assess impact of location on entrainment characteristics. All 11 healthy participants achieved entrainment in all 12 experimental conditions in both
suit orientations. Phase-locking consistently occurred around toe-off phase of the gait cycle (GC). Extension perturbations synchronized earlier in the gait cycle (before 60% GC where peak hip extension occurs) than flexion perturbations (just after 60% GC at the transition from full hip extension to hip flexion), across group averaged results. The study demonstrated the suit can significantly extend the basin of entrainment and improve transient response compared to previously reported results and confirms that a single stable attractor exists during gait entrainment to unidirectional hip perturbations.
ContributorsBaye-Wallace, Lily (Author) / Lee, Hyunglae (Thesis advisor) / Marvi, Hamidreza (Committee member) / Berman, Spring (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021
Description
One of the long-standing issues that has arisen in the sports medicine field is identifying the ideal methodology to optimize recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The perioperative period for ACLR is notoriously heterogeneous in nature as it consists of many variables that can impact surgical outcomes. While there has been extensive literature published regarding the efficacy of various recovery and rehabilitation topics, it has been widely acknowledged that certain modalities within the field of ACLR rehabilitation need further high-quality evidence to support their use in clinical practice, such as blood flow restriction (BFR) training. BFR training involves the application of a tourniquet-like cuff to the proximal aspect of a limb prior to exercise; the cuff is inflated so that it occludes venous flow but allows arterial inflow. BFR is usually combined with low-intensity (LI) resistance training, with resistance as low as 20% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). LI-BFR has been used as an emerging clinical modality to combat postoperative atrophy of the quadriceps muscles for those who have undergone ACLR, as these individuals cannot safely tolerate high muscular tension exercise after surgery. Impairments of the quadriceps are the major cause of poor functional status of patients following an otherwise successful ACLR procedure; however, these impairments can be mitigated with preoperative rehabilitation done before surgery. It was hypothesized that the use of a preoperative LI-BFR training protocol could help improve postoperative outcomes following ACLR; primarily, strength and hypertrophy of the quadriceps. When compared with a SHAM control group, subjects who were randomized to a BFR intervention group made greater preoperative strength gains in the quadriceps and recovered quadriceps mass at an earlier timepoint than that of the SHAM group aftersurgery; however, the gains made in strength were not able to be maintained in the 8-week postoperative period. While these results do not support the use of LI-BFR from the short-term perspective after ACLR, follow-up data will be used to investigate trends in re-injury and return to sport rates to evaluate the efficacy of the use of LI-BFR from a long-term perspective.
ContributorsGlattke, Kaycee Elizabeth (Author) / Lockhart, Thurmon (Thesis advisor) / McDaniel, Troy (Committee member) / Banks, Scott (Committee member) / Peterson, Daniel (Committee member) / Lee, Hyunglae (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
With an aging population, the number of later in life health related incidents like stroke stand to become more prevalent. Unfortunately, the majority those who are most at risk for debilitating heath episodes are either uninsured or under insured when it comes to long term physical/occupational therapy. As insurance companies lower coverage and/or raise prices of plans with sufficient coverage, it can be expected that the proportion of uninsured/under insured to fully insured people will rise. To address this, lower cost alternative methods of treatment must be developed so people can obtain the treated required for a sufficient recovery. The presented robotic glove employs low cost fabric soft pneumatic actuators which use a closed loop feedback controller based on readings from embedded soft sensors. This provides the device with proprioceptive abilities for the dynamic control of each independent actuator. Force and fatigue tests were performed to determine the viability of the actuator design. A Box and Block test along with a motion capture study was completed to study the performance of the device. This paper presents the design and classification of a soft robotic glove with a feedback controller as a at-home stroke rehabilitation device.
ContributorsAxman, Reed C (Author) / Zhang, Wenlong (Thesis advisor) / Santello, Marco (Committee member) / McDaniel, Troy (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description
Current exosuit technologies utilizing soft inflatable actuators for gait assistance have drawbacks of having slow dynamics and limited portability. The first part of this thesis focuses on addressing the aforementioned issues by using inflatable actuator composites (IAC) and a portable pneumatic source. Design, fabrication and finite element modeling of the IAC are presented. Volume optimization of the IAC is done by varying its internal volume using finite element methods. A portable air source for use in pneumatically actuated wearable devices is also presented. Evaluation of the system is carried out by analyzing its maximum pressure and flow output. Electro-pneumatic setup, design and fabrication of the developed air source are also shown. To provide assistance to the user using the exosuit in appropriate gait phases, a gait detection system is needed. In the second part of this thesis, a gait sensing system utilizing soft fabric based inflatable sensors embedded in a silicone based shoe insole is developed. Design, fabrication and mechanical characterization of the soft gait detection sensors are given. In addition, integration of the sensors, each capable of measuring loads of 700N in a silicone based shoe insole is also shown along with its possible application in detection of various gait phases. Finally, a possible integration of the actuators, air source and gait detection shoes in making of a portable soft exosuit for knee assistance is given.
Contributorspoddar, souvik (Author) / Zhang, Wenlong (Thesis advisor) / Lee, Hyunglae (Committee member) / Marvi, Hamidreza (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2020