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- Genre: Academic theses
- Creators: Cheng, Shijun
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Description
This study investigates how well prominent behavioral theories from social psychology explain green purchasing behavior (GPB). I assess three prominent theories in terms of their suitability for GPB research, their attractiveness to GPB empiricists, and the strength of their empirical evidence when applied to GPB. First, a qualitative assessment of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Norm Activation Theory (NAT), and Value-Belief-Norm Theory (VBN) is conducted to evaluate a) how well the phenomenon and concepts in each theory match the characteristics of pro-environmental behavior and b) how well the assumptions made in each theory match common assumptions made in purchasing theory. Second, a quantitative assessment of these three theories is conducted in which r2 values and methodological parameters (e.g., sample size) are collected from a sample of 21 empirical studies on GPB to evaluate the accuracy and generalize-ability of empirical evidence. In the qualitative assessment, the results show each theory has its advantages and disadvantages. The results also provide a theoretically-grounded roadmap for modifying each theory to be more suitable for GPB research. In the quantitative assessment, the TPB outperforms the other two theories in every aspect taken into consideration. It proves to 1) create the most accurate models 2) be supported by the most generalize-able empirical evidence and 3) be the most attractive theory to empiricists. Although the TPB establishes itself as the best foundational theory for an empiricist to start from, it's clear that a more comprehensive model is needed to achieve consistent results and improve our understanding of GPB. NAT and the Theory of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB) offer pathways to extend the TPB. The TIB seems particularly apt for this endeavor, while VBN does not appear to have much to offer. Overall, the TPB has already proven to hold a relatively high predictive value. But with the state of ecosystem services continuing to decline on a global scale, it's important for models of GPB to become more accurate and reliable. Better models have the capacity to help marketing professionals, product developers, and policy makers develop strategies for encouraging consumers to buy green products.
ContributorsRedd, Thomas Christopher (Author) / Dooley, Kevin (Thesis advisor) / Basile, George (Committee member) / Darnall, Nicole (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2012
Description中国律师制度自“文化大革命”结束后恢复至今，已有近四十年。中国律师行业伴随着中国改革开放的进程，得到了飞速的发展，当然，同时也面临着诸多的问题。重要的问题之一便是，中国律师事务所采用“加盟制合伙人”模式和采用“权益制合伙人”模式之争。本文试图从回顾企业边界的三大理论出发，提出“加盟制合伙人”模式和 “权益制合伙人”模式与合伙人律师的业务专业化程度、业务复杂化程度以及大客户和律师事务所规模关系的四个假设，通过实证分析的方式，试图以企业边界三大理论解释前述四个假设中的关系，并以此期望对律师行业的发展有所启发。
ContributorsChu, Xiaoqing (Author) / Pei, Ker-Wei (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Shen, Wei (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2019
Description
Despite significant growth in research about supply chain integration, many questions remain unanswered regarding the path to integration and the benefits that can be accrued. This dissertation examines three aspects of supply chain integration in the health sector, leveraging the healthcare context to extend the theoretical boundaries, as well as applying supply chain knowledge to an industry known to be immature in terms of its supply chain practices.
In the first chapter, a supply chain operating model that breaks away from the traditional healthcare supply chain structures is examined. Consolidated Service Centers (CSCs) embody a shared services strategy, consolidating supply chain functions across multiple hospitals (i.e. horizontal integration) and disintermediating several key roles in healthcare supply chains such as the group purchasing organizations and national distributors. Through case studies, key characteristics of CSCs that enable them to reduce the level of supply chain complexity are examined.
The second chapter investigates buyer-supplier relationships in healthcare (i.e. supplier integration), where a high level of distrust exists between hospitals and their suppliers. This context is leveraged to study both enablers and barriers to buyer-supplier trust. The results suggest that contracting counteracts the negative effects of dependence on trust. Furthermore, the study reveals that hospital buyers may, in some situations, perceive dedicated resource investments made by suppliers as trust barriers, associating such investments with supplier upselling and entrenchment tactics. This runs contrary to how dedicated investments are perceived in most other industries.
In the third chapter, the triadic relationship between the hospital, supplier, and physician is taken into consideration. Given their professional autonomy and power, physicians commonly undermine hospital efforts in supply base rationalization and standardization. This study examines whether physician-hospital integration (i.e. customer integration) can drive physicians towards supply selection practices that align with the hospital’s sourcing strategies and ultimately result in better supply chain performance. This study utilizes theory on agency triads and professionalism and tests hypotheses through a random effects regression model applied to data about hospital financial performance and physician-hospital arrangements.
In the first chapter, a supply chain operating model that breaks away from the traditional healthcare supply chain structures is examined. Consolidated Service Centers (CSCs) embody a shared services strategy, consolidating supply chain functions across multiple hospitals (i.e. horizontal integration) and disintermediating several key roles in healthcare supply chains such as the group purchasing organizations and national distributors. Through case studies, key characteristics of CSCs that enable them to reduce the level of supply chain complexity are examined.
The second chapter investigates buyer-supplier relationships in healthcare (i.e. supplier integration), where a high level of distrust exists between hospitals and their suppliers. This context is leveraged to study both enablers and barriers to buyer-supplier trust. The results suggest that contracting counteracts the negative effects of dependence on trust. Furthermore, the study reveals that hospital buyers may, in some situations, perceive dedicated resource investments made by suppliers as trust barriers, associating such investments with supplier upselling and entrenchment tactics. This runs contrary to how dedicated investments are perceived in most other industries.
In the third chapter, the triadic relationship between the hospital, supplier, and physician is taken into consideration. Given their professional autonomy and power, physicians commonly undermine hospital efforts in supply base rationalization and standardization. This study examines whether physician-hospital integration (i.e. customer integration) can drive physicians towards supply selection practices that align with the hospital’s sourcing strategies and ultimately result in better supply chain performance. This study utilizes theory on agency triads and professionalism and tests hypotheses through a random effects regression model applied to data about hospital financial performance and physician-hospital arrangements.
ContributorsAbdulsalam, Yousef J (Author) / Schneller, Eugene S (Thesis advisor) / Gopalakrishnan, Mohan (Committee member) / Maltz, Arnold (Committee member) / Dooley, Kevin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
While scan-based trading (SBT) is a growing trend in the retail industry, evidence suggests that many SBT initiatives have contributed only to the retailers’ bottom line at the suppliers’ expense. This research attempts to disclose some of the causes of SBT failure as a collaborative inventory management initiative and identify SBT’s integrative potential using both positivistic and normative research methodologies.
In the first chapter, SBT contracts are analyzed through the lens of Agency Theory. By focusing on unique inventory ownership and risks considerations resulting from retailers managing supplier-owned inventory without bearing the cost of inventory shrinkage, the effect of SBT on inventory shrinkage is examined empirically using a data set from a packaged bakery manufacturer. The results show that inventory shrinkage tends to be higher under SBT contracts compared to traditional vendor-managed inventory (VMI) contracts. The study highlights a potential loss in efficiency in food supply chains reflected in higher shrinkage under SBT contracts.
The second chapter aims to identify conditions under which SBT contracts could be mutually beneficial for retailers and suppliers. Using stylized game theoretic models involving a retailer and a supplier of a product with limited shelf life, the study finds that, while inventory shrinkage may be amplified under SBT contracts compared to VMI contracts due to the decreased retailer’s incentive to manage inventory at the store, SBT could help suppliers minimize inventory overage and underage under high demand uncertainty. The integrative potential for SBT contracts, thus, lies in the trade-off between inventory shrinkage and forecasting accuracy.
In the third paper, the role of bargaining power on the performance of SBT contracts is examined. Based on the bargaining literature, it is hypothesized that perceptions of bargaining power can be reshaped in the bargaining process through concession tactics. The results of a negotiation experiment show that, while powerful retailers do tend to have the upper hand in negotiating SBT contracts, weak suppliers could ameliorate or even overcome retailer power by offering services as a concession in a way that the product-service bundle improves the value of their offerings in the eyes of the retailers.
In the first chapter, SBT contracts are analyzed through the lens of Agency Theory. By focusing on unique inventory ownership and risks considerations resulting from retailers managing supplier-owned inventory without bearing the cost of inventory shrinkage, the effect of SBT on inventory shrinkage is examined empirically using a data set from a packaged bakery manufacturer. The results show that inventory shrinkage tends to be higher under SBT contracts compared to traditional vendor-managed inventory (VMI) contracts. The study highlights a potential loss in efficiency in food supply chains reflected in higher shrinkage under SBT contracts.
The second chapter aims to identify conditions under which SBT contracts could be mutually beneficial for retailers and suppliers. Using stylized game theoretic models involving a retailer and a supplier of a product with limited shelf life, the study finds that, while inventory shrinkage may be amplified under SBT contracts compared to VMI contracts due to the decreased retailer’s incentive to manage inventory at the store, SBT could help suppliers minimize inventory overage and underage under high demand uncertainty. The integrative potential for SBT contracts, thus, lies in the trade-off between inventory shrinkage and forecasting accuracy.
In the third paper, the role of bargaining power on the performance of SBT contracts is examined. Based on the bargaining literature, it is hypothesized that perceptions of bargaining power can be reshaped in the bargaining process through concession tactics. The results of a negotiation experiment show that, while powerful retailers do tend to have the upper hand in negotiating SBT contracts, weak suppliers could ameliorate or even overcome retailer power by offering services as a concession in a way that the product-service bundle improves the value of their offerings in the eyes of the retailers.
ContributorsChoi, Min (Author) / Rabinovich, Elliot (Thesis advisor) / Richards, Timothy (Committee member) / Grebitus, Carola (Committee member) / Dooley, Kevin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
Firms are increasingly being held accountable for the unsustainable actions of their suppliers. Stakeholders, regulatory agencies, and customers alike are calling for increased levels of transparency and higher standards of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance for suppliers. While it is apparent that supplier performance is important, it remains unclear how the stock market weighs the CSR performance of a supplier relative to that of a focal firm. This dissertation focuses on whether these relative differences exist. In addition to capturing the magnitude of the difference in market impact between focal firm and supplier CSR events; I analyze the ways in which these differences have changed over time. To capture this evolution, CSR events ranging over a period from 1994 to 2013 are examined. This research utilizes an event study methodology in which the announcement of over 2,300 CSR events are identified and analyzed to determine the subsequent stock market reaction. I find that while the market evaluated negative supplier CSR events less harshly than events occurring at the buying firm in the early years of the sample, by the turn of the millennium this “supplier discounting" had disappeared. The analysis is broken down by CSR event "type". Findings demonstrate that negative CSR events, particularly those revolving around worker or customer safety, generate the most significant abnormal return. The findings of this dissertation produce valuable managerial insights along with interpretation. Resources are scarce, and understanding where a firm might best allocate their resources to avoid financial penalties will be valuable information for corporate decision makers. These findings present clear evidence that some of these resources should be allocated to supplier CSR performance, not just towards the CSR performance of the focal firm.
ContributorsRogers, Zachary S (Author) / Carter, Craig (Thesis advisor) / Dooley, Kevin (Committee member) / Singhal, Vinod (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2016
Description
Although many examples have demonstrated the great potential of a human crowd as an alternative supplier in creative problem-solving, empirical evidence shows that the performance of a crowd varies greatly even under similar situations. This phenomenon is defined as the performance variation puzzle in crowdsourcing. Cases suggest that crowd development influences crowd performance, but little research in crowdsourcing literature has examined the issue of crowd development.
This dissertation studies how crowd development impacts crowd performance in crowdsourcing. It first develops a double-funnel framework on crowd development. Based on structural thinking and four crowd development examples, this conceptual framework elaborates different steps of crowd development in crowdsourcing. By doing so, this dissertation partitions a crowd development process into two sub-processes that map out two empirical studies.
The first study examines the relationships between elements of event design and crowd emergence and the mechanisms underlying these relationships. This study takes a strong inference approach and tests whether tournament theory is more applicable than diffusion theory in explaining the relationships between elements of event design and crowd emergence in crowdsourcing. Results show that that neither diffusion theory nor tournament theory fully explains these relationships. This dissertation proposes a contatition (i.e., contagious competition) perspective that incorporates both elements of these two theories to get a full understanding of crowd emergence in crowdsourcing.
The second empirical study draws from innovation search literature and tournament theory to address the performance variation puzzle through analyzing crowd attributes. Results show that neither innovation search perspective nor tournament theory fully explains the relationships between crowd attributes and crowd performance. Based on the research findings, this dissertation discovers a competition-search mechanism beneath the variation of crowd performance in crowdsourcing.
This dissertation makes a few significant contributions. It maps out an emergent process for the first time in supply chain literature, discovers the mechanisms underlying the performance implication of a crowd-development process, and answers a research call on crowd engagement and utilization. Managerial implications for crowd management are also discussed.
This dissertation studies how crowd development impacts crowd performance in crowdsourcing. It first develops a double-funnel framework on crowd development. Based on structural thinking and four crowd development examples, this conceptual framework elaborates different steps of crowd development in crowdsourcing. By doing so, this dissertation partitions a crowd development process into two sub-processes that map out two empirical studies.
The first study examines the relationships between elements of event design and crowd emergence and the mechanisms underlying these relationships. This study takes a strong inference approach and tests whether tournament theory is more applicable than diffusion theory in explaining the relationships between elements of event design and crowd emergence in crowdsourcing. Results show that that neither diffusion theory nor tournament theory fully explains these relationships. This dissertation proposes a contatition (i.e., contagious competition) perspective that incorporates both elements of these two theories to get a full understanding of crowd emergence in crowdsourcing.
The second empirical study draws from innovation search literature and tournament theory to address the performance variation puzzle through analyzing crowd attributes. Results show that neither innovation search perspective nor tournament theory fully explains the relationships between crowd attributes and crowd performance. Based on the research findings, this dissertation discovers a competition-search mechanism beneath the variation of crowd performance in crowdsourcing.
This dissertation makes a few significant contributions. It maps out an emergent process for the first time in supply chain literature, discovers the mechanisms underlying the performance implication of a crowd-development process, and answers a research call on crowd engagement and utilization. Managerial implications for crowd management are also discussed.
ContributorsLiu, Zhongzhi (Author) / Kull, Thomas (Thesis advisor) / Dooley, Kevin (Committee member) / Oke, Adegoke (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2017
Description在新证券法实施当年，企业纷纷变更会计师事务所。基于此背景展开本文的研究。本文主要关注新证券法实施后，事务所变更对审计质量的影响。本文发现，新证券法实施之前，事务所变更并未提升公司的审计质量，反而降低了审计质量，而在新证券法实施引起后，事务所变更对审计质量具有显著的正向作用。一方面，事务所通过增加审计师的人数与改善审计师的学历构成提高审计质量；另一方面，审计师通过提高自身审计审慎程度来应对外部监管环境，提高其审计质量。本文还进行了进一步研究，首先关注“换师不换所”现象的影响，发现排除了该现象影响后，事务所变更对审计质量的正向提升作用更加显著。其次关注公司自身特征的影响，发现新证券法实施后，事务所变更对审计质量的正向影响作用，在企业内部控制较差、民营企业、市场化水平较低时更加显著，表明新证券法实施后，企业通过更换会计师事务所提升了审计质量。最后关注审计师个人特征的影响，本文将审计师个人特征归类为“硬性条件”和“软实力”，发现新证券法实施后事务所变更对审计质量的正向作用，在审计师性别为女、学历较高、审计经验较丰富以及所内职务较高时更加显著。
本文研究发现为新证券法实施提供了经济后果检验证据，并发现事务所通过事务所层面和审计师层面改善其审计行为，补充了相关政策后果研究；同时拓宽了事务所层面的圈层研究，并为审计质量研究提供增量贡献。
ContributorsSun, Yao (Author) / Huang, Xiaochuan (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Zhu, Kevin (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description发展战略是一定时期内对企业发展方向、发展速度和质量、发展点及发展能力的重大选择、规划和策略，可以帮助企业指引长远发展方向，明确发展目标，指明发展点，并确定企业需要的发展能力，实现企业的快速、健康和持续发展。战略是公司发展的核心，股权结构是战略执行的重要组成部分，战略决定了企业发展的高度，而股权即是公司治理过程中的核心，又是影响公司绩效的重要因素，在公司运行的过程中有着管理作用。微创医疗科学有限公司在过去十余年发展过程中，始终贯彻“联合舰队”的独特经营理念，并摸索形成一套独特的“上市公司孵化器”创新模式和股权结构。集团一方面像全世界所有的公司一样，是一个生产产品的公司，同时又是一个生产公司的公司，而且是生产上市公司的公司。微创医疗通过打造“医疗联合舰队”的模式来渗透高端医疗器械各个细分板块，确立高端医疗器械龙头地位，并通过各种员工持股平台让高管和核心员工共同参与上市公司孵化，实现资源共享，共同壮大。如今，集团“联合舰队”的战略已呈现出“1+12+5”布局，帮助集团实现指数化增长。本文选择微创医疗作为案例研究对象，通过分析微创医疗独特的“联合舰队”战略和创新股权结构对集团业务发展和集团价值创造等方面的影响，有助于更好地理解微创医疗采用“上市公司孵化器”执行模式的动因，探索生物医药企业赛道多元化发展与企业价值的关系，对生物医药企业的管理实践起到一定参考作用。
ContributorsHuang, Qianping (Author) / Shao, Benjamin (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Jiang, Zhan (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description房地产上市公司业绩的好坏，不仅仅对证券市场产生很深的影响，也关联中国的金融、经济、以及社会稳定。房地产资金需求大，更多是依靠贷款。财务杠杆是双刃剑，一方面给企业带来更高的效益，另一方面也带来更多的风险，导致绩效的下降。以往国内外学者对房地产资本结构与企业绩效之间关系研究较多，本文考虑到房地产行业会计核算的特殊性以及有息负债自身特点，结合目前国家对房地产“三条红线”的调控，在对房地产企业有息负债结构和绩效现状分析基础上，拟以2009年-2019年我国A股房地产上市公司作为研究对象，研究房地产公司有息负债结构与企业绩效之间的关系。提出并验证了7个假设：我国房地产上市公司净负债率与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；有息负债短期借债比与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；有息负债长期借债比与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；银行贷款占比与经营绩效呈倒U形相关关系；上市非国有房地产企业的净负债率对经营绩效的倒U形关系比国有企业更显著；严格的土地政策下，上市房地产企业的净负债率对经营绩效的倒U形关系比从宽的土地政策下更显著；严格的货币政策下，上市房地产企业的净负债率对经营绩效的倒U形关系比从宽的货币政策下更显著。本文建立模型进行基本回归，然后进行了稳健性检验，再进一步计算出极值点，寻找最优的有息负债结构。最后结合房地产行业未来趋势，研究通过哪些途径优化企业有息负债结构，并提出了需要进一步解决的问题，为后续研究指明了方向。
ContributorsChen, Min (Author) / Zhu, David (Thesis advisor) / Li, Feng (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2022
Description中国税务师事务所这个行业在我国算是一个新兴行业，在国际上也算是比较特别的行业。比如美国、加拿大等主流西方国家没有税务师事务所这个行业。我国的税务师事务所这个行业是整合了西方税务律师以及税务会计师职能成立的一个特别的行业。在这些年我国税务师事务所行业得到了快速的发展，一方面是因为我国的经济快速发展，专业服务业因此得到了快速发展。同时我国的税收法律法规的规范、税收征管技术的提升以及税收管理的后置导致我国对于税收专业服务需求的暴增。税务师事务所行业类似于律师事务所和会计师事务所，但是又明显有别于律师事务所和会计师事务所。与律师事务所相比，税务师事务所具有明显的季节性，税收法律法规变化非常快，整体适用的法律法规相较于律师事务所更窄；而与会计师事务所比较，税收服务的价值弹性明显高于会计师事务所，需要高频与主管的国家权力机关沟通、更讲究实践，主管行政机构行政裁量权很大。
一般而言，税务师事务所的激励机制可以分为“加盟制”或者“合伙制”，而组织形态可以分为独立“子公司”以及“分公司”,不同的激励机制以及不同的组织形态，不仅仅影响每个合伙人，更影响每个员工的心态与切身利益，最后将极大的影响公司的发展。本文尝试从委托代理理论、激励理论、交易成本理论、产权理论、人力资本理论等相关理论阐释相关的关系，并以此希望对正在快速发展的税务师事务所行业的激励机制和组织形态的构建有所启发。
ContributorsGu, Chunxiao (Author) / Huang, Xiaochuan (Thesis advisor) / Cheng, Shijun (Thesis advisor) / Chang, Stanley (Committee member) / Arizona State University (Publisher)
Created2021